• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2008

To induce of maturation and ovulation, ovary with different development stage of oocytes of sevenband grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus(n=51, TL $69.1{\pm}1.0$ cm, BW $5.8{\pm}0.3$ kg) rearing indoor-tank in mature and spawning season(June to July) were investigated by cannulation. Female with yolk globule stage oocyte($300{\sim}500{\mu}m$) was injected with human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG, 500 IU/kg BW). Oocytes developed at diameter $300{\sim}700{\mu}m$ in 24 hrs after the HCG injection, and the distribution ratio of over $800{\mu}m$ of oocytes diameter in the cannulated eggs were $91.3{\sim}98.8%(95.1{\pm}3.7%)$ in 48 hrs after the HCG injection. Ovulation was induced from 7 out of 8 female after the HCG injection. The total volume of stripped eggs was 2,480 mL, and the volume of buoyant eggs was 1,360 mL. The fertilization and hatching rates of buoyant eggs were $56.2{\sim}94.9%$ and $70.7{\sim}97.9%$, respectively. These results suggested that HCG 500 IU/kg BW effects on maturation and ovulation of female sevenband grouper with yolk globule stage of oocyte.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.68
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• pp.7-24
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• 2006

This article is the critical review of the methods and assumptions with which the Korean archaeologists have tried to approach to the Bronze age society. It was not until the 1980s' that there had been any attempt to define the relevant units for the study of past societies. Before the archaeological records of megalithic builders in the Bronze age began to be analyzed to find out the general traits of chiefdom society, Korean archaeologists had described the variations in the cultural, rather than the social, entities. From the 1990s' , some scholars have attempted to reconstruct the scale and organization of the social groups and explain the growth of polities in evolutionary view, analyzing the hierarchical distributions of settlement data. In the concluding remarks of the review, I would like to indicate the some problems in the conceptualization of the material culture patterning in the regional and/or inter-regional level. First, the conceptual problem which appeared when the Bronze archaeologists define the distribution of artifact assemblages, composed of the specific artifact traits , beyond the instrumental categories that are efficient for the establishments of regional chronologies. It is evidently erroneous conceptualization that we define the artifact assemblages as the socio-cultual entities which came into being in specific time and place, geographically expanded, and finally disappeared based on the view of essentialism. Second, the interpretative problems about wide distributions of certain bronze artifacts must be indicated. I would like to suggest that the wide distributions of the specific bronze dagger or mirror types should be explained not by the cultural area concept related to the ethnicity assumptions, but by the world system or the inter-regional interaction models.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.501-517
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• 2014

This study was carried out to elucidate the distribution of vascular plants and their usefulness of Mt. Myeonsan (1,245 m) and Myobong (1,168 m) in Gangwon-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do. The vascular plants that were collected 15 times from April 2012 to October 2013 consisted a total of 551 taxa; 96 families, 314 genera, 489 species, 3 subspecies, 54 varieties and 6 forms. The plants that are specially noteworthy are 17 taxa of Korean endemic plants, 2 taxa of Critical Endangered Species (CR), 3 taxa of Endangered Species (EN) and 12 taxa of Vulnerable Species (VU) in rare plants as categorized by the Korean Forest Service. Furthermore, V, IV, III degrees of floristic regional indicator plants as categorized by the Korean Ministry of Environment included 2 taxa, 22 taxa and 26 taxa, respectively. Among them, edible, pasture, medicinal, ornamental, timber, dye, fiber, industrial and unknown usefulness plants included 215 taxa, 184 taxa, 163 taxa, 59 taxa, 17 taxa, 6 taxa, 5 taxa, 5 taxa and 138 taxa, respectively. In addition, 25 taxa of naturalized plants were observed.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.405-410
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• 2018

Distribution of a series of procedure for establishment and revision for various instructions on information security for public institutions and diversified process of performance system following the compliance with the instruction are applied to the integrated procedure that any revision or change has led to the studies that are applied on the basis of all environment requirements and the facilitation of such studies in the integrated procedure for the entire information security. However, as the difference of possessing the work territory for each institution, maintaining and securing the security with the heterogeneous type for subject, the information still displays the issues to link to a series of process to the procedure to secure the foregoing as stability, In addition, the notice should be made by the public institutions for the result structured and notified on the basis of budget and the additional time and expenses for re-distributing to the private institutions would be another issue for the part to accomplish the purpose of such study. Therefore, under this study, the subject of information security of similar institutions should be sorted out and statistically classified, and it proposes the integration procedure through a series of diversity and multi-change process and summarize the same in the proposed procedure to engage in studies to secure the optimal stability.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.436-442
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• 2005

We have performed multiple geophysical surveys comprised of gravity, magnetic and resistivity methods at the Yangsan fault zone which runs through the Eonyang area, the eastern part of Kyeongsang in southeast Korea. The gravity and magnetic data provide information about geological structures. Furthermore, sections of electrical resistivity show the sharp contrast of electrical resistivity distribution across the fault zone. Since the fractured zone tends to be more conductive than fresh host rocks, the electrical resistivity survey is effective in determining the detailed structure of the fault zone. We have made gravity measurements at a total of 71 points alongside two profiles across the fault zone, and carried out an electrical resistivity survey with a dipole-dipole array at the same location using 40m dipole length. In addition, we have analyzed the aeromagnetic data on the corresponding area. The multiple geophysical properties appear to be abruptly changed in electrical resistivity, gravity and aeromagneticclearly show the different appearance across the fault zone. The fault is identified by its sub vertical attitude which is well known in the Yangsan fault zone. We have also confirmed that the magnitude of the response of the fault is much larger in the southern part of the survey area than the northern area. These results most likely to provide basic information for the further studies about the physical properties and the structures at the Yangsan fault.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.3
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• pp.422-428
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• 1998

Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based inter-simple sequence repeats(I-SSR) markers were analyzed in 48 megagametophytes of a single tree of Abies koreana $W_{ILS}$. Nineteen of the 35 primers, screened with 6 megagametophyte DNA and produced the clearest amplification products in the preliminary experiment, were used for PCR with 48 megagametophyte DNAs sampled from a single tree. On the basis of the chi-square test, a total of 51 amplicons, amplified by the 19 primers, were revealed to be segregated according to the Mendelian ratio(i.e., 1 : 1 segregation ratio) in the 48 megagametophytes at 5% significance level. Based on the linkage analysis, the observed 51 Mendelian loci turned out to be unlinked each other, which suggested that they are evenly distributed in the genome. However, majority of RAPD markers are known to belong to the independent linkage blocks, which frequently results in the amplification of RAPD markers from the restricted regions of the genome. Owing to the nature of even distribution of the 51 loci observed in this study, the I-SSR markers could give better resolution of estimating genetic diversity from the whole genome than RAPD markers. And I-SSR markers are also more suitable than RAPD markers for reconstructing phylogenetic relationship by a cladistic method which requires to fulfil the assumption of independent evolution of the different characters.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1185-1192
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• 2012

The typical operating temperature of an automotive fuel cell is lower than that of an internal combustion engine, which necessitates a refined strategy for thermal management. In particular, the performance of the cooling module has to be higher for a fuel cell system because the temperature difference between the fuel cell and the surrounding is lower than in the case of the internal combustion engine. Even though the cooling system of an automotive fuel cell determines the operating temperature and temperature distribution of the fuel cell, it has attracted little research attention. This study presents the mathematical model of a cooling system for an automotive fuel cell system using Matlab/$Simulink^{(R)}$. In particular, a radiator model is developed for design optimization from the development stage to the operating stage for an automotive fuel cell. The cooling system model comprises a fan, pump, and radiator. The pump and fan model have an empirical relation, and the dynamics of the pump and fan are only explained by motor dynamics. The basic design study was conducted, and the geometric setup of the radiator was investigated. When the control logic was applied, the pump senses the coolant inlet temperature and the fan senses the coolant out temperature. Additionally, the cooling module is integrated with the fuel cell system model so that the performance of the cooling module can be investigated under realistic operating conditions.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.72-89
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate current trends of research in STEAM education through the analysis of published articles in Korea on STEAM education between 2011~2014. By looking into the research trend, this study check out research's achievements for four years and suggest guiding light to determine the direction of the research of STEAM education. The number of papers of STEAM education had continuously increased from 2011 to 2014 but the increase in research tended to stall by 2014. In 2014 the research for kindergartens started to increase and research for slow learning students and special students was done. With regard to the number of studies published relating to the curriculum, many studies centered in the study of the actual and science curriculum which took a large portion since the adoption. In the kindergarten and university level, the study based on art showed the highest while in elementary, middle and high school level, the actual and science curriculum took a major portion in its studies. The general academic associations continue to expand their research area with regard to STEAM education while the academic related associations show a 16% decline in its number of studies published when comparing 2014 to 2013. A higher proportion of qualitative research methods such as case studies are needed to be addressed in the future while more research should be done on education policies for the establishment of a system to share the program that contains the distribution of the education programs and its utilization. In addition, a long-term research should be conducted to verify the effectiveness of the education of teachers for teaching candidates and school teachers.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2015

Purpose: 3HB and AcAc are two ketone bodies that can be used as energy source in brain via succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid CoA transferase (SCOT) and mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (beta-ketothiolase, T2), called ketolysis. In case of malfunction of these enzymes, ketolysis cannot occur fluently causing various clinical manifestations. We want to know the numbers of patients and clinical manifestations of ketolytic defects in Korea. Material: For 67 patients of ketolytic defects out of 2794 patients that have done urine organic acid analysis, we analyzed clinical manifestations and age distribution. The study period was from January 2007 to September 2015. Method: To confirm persistency of ketonuria, repeated and loading organic acid analysis were done at least 1 week period interval. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. Result: Thirty patients in infantile period (2 M-2 Y), 31 patients in childhood period (2 Y-12 Y), 5 patients after adolescent period (>12 Y) and 1 in neonatal period were diagnosed during the study period. The most frequent chief complaint was seizure followed by seizure with developmental delay and developmental delay only. Conclusion: Ketolytic defects were not so rare in Korea. Major clinical manifestations are seizure and developmental delay or mental retardation.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.138-148
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• 2006

This study was carried out to evaluate the structural safety fur both the attached wind-protecting wall in greenhouse and the detached one installed outside. Regarding the attached wind-protecting wall in greenhouse, the analysis was conducted by doing a fluid-structure coupled field analysis using both CFX-5.7 and ANSYS 8.1 and also under the design condition of an instantaneous maximum wind velocity of $30.9m{\cdot}s^{-1}$. Three kinds of the width ranged from 30 to 90cm were considered in this study. With regard to the detached wind-protecting wall, the structural saffty was analyzed under the pressure difference of 1,117 Pa which corresponded to a wind velocity of $50m{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and the analytical results were also compared with theoretical ones. The result showed that there was little difference in the distribution of velocity overall and total pressure on the lateral side according to the width of the attached wind-protecting wall, but greenhouse with wind-protecting widths of 30 to 60cm has been reinforced to the extent of about 11% when compared with the case of being without the wall. The result also showed that the detached wind-protecting wall with a main-column interval of 3m was not stable so that it was necessary for the detached wind-protecting wall to be adequately reinforced to secure structural stability. Finally, there was great difference between analytical results and theoretical studies. The difference meant that there was some possibility of including errors when a theoretical study was done in three dimensional structure.