• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.469-482
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• 2000

A numerical study using nonlinear finite element analysis is performed to investigate the behavior of isolated reinforced concrete walls subjected to combined axial force and in-plane and out-of-plane bending moments. For a nonlinear finite element analysis, a computer program addressing material and geometric nonlinearities was developed. Through numerical studies, the internal force distribution in the cross-section is idealized, and then a new design method, different from the existing methods based on the plane section hypothesis was developed. According to the proposed method, variations in the interaction curve of the in-plane bending moment and axial force depends on the range of the permissible axial force per unit length, that is determined by a given amount of out-of-plane bending moment. As the out-of-plane bending moment increases, the interaction curve shrinks, indicating a decrease in the ultimate strength. The proposed method is then compared with an existing method, using the plane section hypothesis. Compared with the proposed method, the existing method overestimates the ultimate strength for the walls subjected to low out-of-plane bending moments, while it underestimates the ultimate strength for walls subject to high out-of-plane bending moments. The proposed method can address the out-of-plane local behavior of the individual wall segments that may govern the ultimate strength of the entire wall.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.520-523
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• 2009

There are many ways to judge whether the input image is adult-image or not. Until now, adult image detection has been examined by the ratio of skin area in full image. In this paper, we propose a method to extract skin region in YCbCr. Skin region shows unique distribution in YCbCr, and we will separate the skin region from background using the distribution. First, we are going to find Eye zone using Eye-Map. Then we will find out the color value for the distribution of skin region using the color of Eye zone. Next, we will find the distribution of the area through the skin region in full-image.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1986

Whereas in non-symmetrical distribution manufacturing process they are not plotted relatively on the centeral line but plotted on the skew of right-hand side or left-hand side. That is to say, for the prupose of producing either upper-specification-oriented items or lower-specification-oriented items, and when we carry out tighter control so as to have them pass only its specifications, the distribution shape naturally has a non-normal distribution. In these cases, we could use either compressed control limits or variable transformed logarithm control charts. It the above mentioned methods were not available, we should use special purpose control chart-Mode control chart or Gram-Charlier control chart. These are proper methods for manufacturing process control which uses control chart method. In spite of these methods, domestic manufacturing and mining companies are utterly ignorant about these methods. That invites practical problems in their companies. To enhance this improvements, I proved the property of practical applications of control chart method by comparing and analyzing the case studies of practical application of speical purpose control chart method, and also by introducing the application methods.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2021

Purpose: Contemporary consumers are increasingly adopting public displays of their loyalty towards brands: consumer dedication surpasses loyalty in that they find various ways to show their devotion to their favorite brands. The purpose of the current study is to utilize sports psychology to improve customer experience in the sports shops. Research design, data and methodology: To investigate the purpose of the study and suggest the solutions, Epistemology methods were used to analyze the nature of knowledge and various forms of attaining knowledge. As such, epistemology asks questions such as "what are constitutes of valid knowledge?". Results: This study figured out five theoretical results to suggest for practitioners in the sports retail shop based on prior research. According to the research, sports psychology can affect consumer buying behavior which builds upon specific demographics and their differentiating behavior. The results also show that males shop with specificity, while female consumers are likely to shop for pleasure. Men are also less frequent shoppers than women. Conclusions: Above all, this study concludes that a consumer decision-making study is vital in the sports retail business, and information about consumer decision-making can be an influential factor for sports retailers to increase their competitive advantage.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.33-40
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• 2023

Purpose: Higher Order Thinking Skills is one of the important aspects in education that must be mastered by the students in order to be qualified in competing at international level. Success in mastering HOTS among the students is always linked to preparation of a good and conducive learning environment. However, does this connection impacts the students' HOTS achievement? Therefore, this research is carried out in order to evaluate the relationship between HOTS and learning environment with the main focus on Accounting Principle Elective Subject (MPEI PP). Research design, data and methodology: Research in the form of correlation is implied in this study and it involves 59 Form 5 students that has learned all syllabus in Form 4's MPEI PP. Results: Evaluation of HOTS level is based on Taxonomy Bloom that covers applying skill, analysing skill, evaluating skill, and creating skill. Result from data analysis found that there is a very weak correlation (r = 0.02) between the two variables with regression equation of average grade point = 75.023 + (-.273) Learning Environment. Conclusion: Thus, a non-significant relationship between HOTS and learning environment is successfully proven through correlation and regression statistical analysis.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the research is to find out and analyze the direct influence of forensic audits and auditor integrity on Fraud Detection and indirect effects through big data technology and whistleblowing systems in Indonesian BPK. The research method used is a survey research method. Surveys are primary data collection methods by asking 254 individual respondents. The unit of analysis is an individual, namely the BPK RI auditors. Results of this study found a forensic audit has a positive and significant effect on fraud detection, Auditor Integrity has a positive and significant effect on Fraud Detection; and forensic Audit has a positive and significant effect on big data technology, A forensic Audit has a positive and significant effect on the whistleblowing system, Integrity auditor has a positive and significant effect on big data technology, The whistleblowing system has a positive and significant effect on fraud detection, Big data technology has a positive and significant effect on fraud detection, The whistleblowing system has a positive and significant effect on fraud detection. Similar to how we used cross-sectional data, future research is urged to use an interview-based qualitative approach to avoid typical technique bias.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.175-179
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• 1994

This study is for estimating strength of mass concrete by finding out temperature and strength distribution of member inside through manufacture actual model in summer and winter.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.245-256
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• 2000

Large sample properties of Life-Table estimator are discussed for interval censored bivariate survival data. We restrict out attention to the situation where response times within pairs are not distinguishable and the univariate survival distribution is the same for any individual within any pair.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1993.07a
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• pp.42-44
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• 1993

As for the organization of actual test facilities, we carried out the conceptual design for the actual test facilities related to PAFC simulater, PCS, distribution feeder, dummy load, measurement system and fault generation equipment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.215-221
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of cutting frequency and nitrogen fertilization in the mixed pasture on root production and its depth distribution. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Root distribution studied on botanical composition was not significantly different by the upper 20cm level in all treatments. 2. Root yields were all high irrespectively of dominant species. However, Arrhenatherum elatius dominant pasture showed the lowest. Alopecurus pratensis dominant pasture showed the highest in root yield. 3. With the root yield, there was no significant difference in cutting frequency, but the moderate nitrogen level(N-2) showed the highest root yield among three N levels. 4. The depth distribution of root was 1m depth in all treatments.