• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.186-191
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• 2014

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to assess pain relief according to the time after kyphoplasty and to evaluate the factors affecting pain relief after kyphoplasty in the treatment of a single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Methods: A retrospective review of 34 kyphoplasties for single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures was performed. Pain relief was assessed by using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Associated factors, including age, sex, pain duration, bone mineral density, and cement leakage, were evaluated using the patients' medical records. Statistical analyses were conducted using the paired t-test to assess pain relief and using the independent t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient to evaluate the relationship between those factors and pain relief. Results: Preoperatively, the mean VAS score was 7.06. Postoperatively, it declined to 3.66 (p=0.001), 2.81 (p=0.001) and 2.24 (p=0.001) at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months, respectively. Also, statistically significant pain relief was observed during the periods from 6 weeks to 3 months (p=0.001) and from 3 months to 6 months (p=0.001). However, reduction of the VAS score showed no significant correlation with age, sex, pain duration, bone mineral density, or cement leakage (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that a kyphoplasty may be effective in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients with acute pain and that after the kyphoplasty, pain is reduced remarkably for 6 weeks and then continuously for 6 months.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.253-257
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• 2005

Objective: We analyze pain relief, deformity correction and complication rate after percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed medical records and radiological findings of 32 patients who underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Results: The patients had significant pain improvement with the procedure. The visual analogue scale score reduced from 8.6 to 3.4 significantly after the procedure. The midline vertebral body height significantly increased postoperatively, but mean kyphotic angle did not. There was no serious complication except one case of epidural cement leakage without neurological impairment. Conclusion: Balloon kyphoplasty safely can reduce severe back pain and returned geriatric patients to higher activity levels. The midline vertebral height is restored significantly. However kyphotic deformity correction is not significant as contrary to what we expected from the present study before it was carried out.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2013

Focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect (FOBMD) is a radiolucent area corresponding to the presence of hematopoietic tissue rarely found in the jaws. FOBMD is most commonly located in the mandibular edentulous posterior area of a middle-aged female. From November 2011 to November 2012, we experienced three cases involving removal of implants that had accidentally fallen into the FOBMD area. All patients happened to be female, with a mean age of 54 years (range: 51-60 years). One case involved hypoesthesia of the lower lip and chin, while two cases healed without any complication. Displacement of an implant into the FOBMD area is an unusual event, which occurs rarely during placement of a dental fixture. The purpose of this study was to report on three cases of FOBMD and to provide a review of related literature.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2009

Among aging diseases, the most basic problem is a decrease in bone mineral density. Patients with osteoporosis are steadily increasing in the world. This study was investigated to show the relationship between osteoporotic effects and oxidative damage. Water extracts of 15 medicinal plants and ethanol extracts of 14 medicinal plants with known anti-osteoporotic effects, were tested for their radical scavenging activity using DPPH, ABTS, SRSA and FRAP assay. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and ethanol extract of Rubus coreanus, Viscium album var. coloratum, Cimicifuga heracleifolia showed about 15-20 mg/g of total phenolic contents. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and Epimedium koreanum showed high radical scavenging activity. Ethanol extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus, Gentiana scabra and Astragalus membranaceus showed high radical scavenging activity. Water extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Nelumbo nucifera, Epimedium koreanum, and Gentiana scabra showed very strong protective effect against oxidative damage to DNA. These results suggest the correlation between anti-osteoporotic effects and antioxidative effects.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.147-151
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether fractal analysis of periapical and panoramic radiographs was useful in predicting osteoporosis risk. Materials and Methods : 37 postmenoposal women between the age of 42 and 79 were classified as normal and osteoporosis group according to the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae and periapical and panoramic radio-graphs were taken. Fractal dimensions at periapical areas of mandibular first molars were calculated to differentiate the two groups. Results : The mean fractal dimensions of normal group on periapical and panoramic radiographs were $1.413{\pm}0.079$, $1.517{\pm}0.071$ each. The mean fractal dimensions of osteoporotic group on periapical and panoramic radiographs were $1.498{\pm}0.086$, $1.388{\pm}0.083$ each. The mean fractal dimension from peripaical radiographs of osteoporotic group was statistically significantly higher than that of normal group. The mean fractal dimension from panoramic radiographs of osteoporotic group was statistically significantly lower than that of normal group. Conclusion : Fractal analysis using periapical and panoramic radiographs was useful in predicting osteoporosis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2016

In this report, we investigated the antioxidant (peroxyl radical-scavenging and reducing capacities) and anti-osteoporotic activities of extracts and isolated constituents (1 - 16) from the rhizomes of Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker on pre-osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 5 exhibited significant peroxyl radical-scavenging capacity, with TE value of $8.47{\pm}0.52{\mu}M$, while compound 13 showed significant reducing capacity, with CUPRAC value of $5.66{\pm}0.26{\mu}M$, at $10.0{\mu}M$. In addition, flavonoid compounds 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and terpene compound 15 showed significant inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand-induced osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells, with values ranging from $16.97{\pm}1.02$ to $64.67{\pm}2.76%$. These results indicated that K. parviflora could be excellent sources for the antioxidant and anti-osteoporotic traditional medicinal plants.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.992-997
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• 2018

Study Design: Feasibility study. Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of using serum pentosidine level as a potential marker for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Overview of Literature: A review of previous studies suggests a negative correlation between serum pentosidine concentration and bone strength. However, it is unclear whether serum pentosidine level might be a potential marker of OVCF in Koreans. Methods: Forty patients who underwent bone mineral density examination were included in this study, and their serum pentosidine levels were prospectively analyzed. Serum pentosidine level was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among all the patients, 11 with OVCF were assigned to the vertebral fracture group and 29 who did not have vertebral fracture were included in the non-fracture group. In addition, we used the Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX) tool Korean version for assessing the 10-year probability of fracture. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean serum pentosidine level (p=0.04) of the vertebral fracture group (110.8 ng/mL) and the non-fracture group (64.3 ng/mL). Logistic regression analyses showed that serum pentosidine was significantly associated with OVCF. The vertebral fracture group had significantly higher 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture as per FRAX than the non-fracture group. There was a positive correlation between pentosidine level and FRAX results (r=0.35, p=0.02). Conclusions: These results suggest that increased serum pentosidine level could be a potential marker for OVCF.

• Journal of Bone Metabolism
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.213-217
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• 2018

Patients with gastrointestinal disease (GI) are at risk for osteopenia or osteoporosis, which can lead to fractures. Although these patients may be at risk from a young age, gastroenterologists often overlook this fact in practice. There are well-known GI diseases associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis, such as the post-gastrectomy state, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and celiac disease. As there is an increase in the prevalence of IBD patients, newly diagnosed celiac disease in adulthood, and gastric cancer survivors following gastrectomy, bone disease in these patients becomes an important issue. Here, we have discussed osteoporosis and fractures in GI disease, especially in the postgastrectomy state, IBD, and celiac disease. Although the pathogenesis of bone loss in each disease has not been fully identified, we have confirmed that the prevalence of osteoporosis and fractures in each of these diseases is high. There are scarce studies comparing the prevalence of osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures in GI disease patients with studies in postmenopausal women, and specific guidelines for their management in each disease have not been established. Intensive surveillance and management are needed to ensure that these patients attain peak bone mass for age and sex to prevent fractures.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.763-775
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• 2021

Objective : Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) can be occurred after acute cerebral infarction. HT can worse symptoms in severe cases and adversely affect long-term prognosis. As bone and vascular smooth muscle are composed of type 1 collagen, we aimed to identify a potential relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and HT after acute cardioembolic stroke. Methods : As an indicator of BMD, we used mean frontal skull Hounsfield unit (HU) values on brain computed tomography (CT). Multivariative hazard ratios were calculated using Cox regression analysis to identify whether the osteoporotic condition was an independent predictor of HT after acute cardioembolic stroke. Results : This 11-year analysis enrolled 506 patients who diagnosed as acute cardioembolic infarction. The first tertile of skull HU value was an independent predictor of HT development compared to the third tertile (hazard ratio, 2.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-3.98; p=0.020). We observed no interactions between age and skull HU with respect to HT statistically. Conclusion : The results of this study revealed an association between osteoporotic conditions and HT development after acute cardioembolic stroke. A convenient method to measure the cancellous bone HU value of the frontal skull using brain CT images may be useful for predicting HT in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2009

Purpose : The aim of this study is to evaluate a possibility of clinical application for the effects of low intensity ultrasound stimulation (LIUS) in morphological characteristics (i.e., structure, bone mineral density) of bone on osteoporotic fracturesprevention. Materials and Methods : Eight virgin 14-week-old ICR mice (approximate weight 25g) were used and ovariectomized (OVX) to induce osteoporosis. Right tibia (US) for each mouse served as the LIUS (1.5MHz frequency, 1.0 kHz pulse repetition on frequency, $30mW/cm^2$ intensity, $200{\mu}s$ pulse length, and stimulation for 20 minutes a day and 5 days a week over a 6-week period). Left tibia (CON) for each mouse served as the non-stimulated controls. Structural parameters and bone mineral density ($g/cm^3$) on trabecular bone of tibiae were calculated and measured from images derived in-vivo micro computed tomography (micro-CT) at 0 week and after 6weeks. Results : The BV/TV and Tb.N in US group were significantly bigger than those in CON group. The Tb.Pf in US group, moreover, was significantly smaller than that in CON group (p<0.05).For the others structural parameters and BMD, however, there were no significant difference between US group and CON group (p>0.05). Conclusion : The LIUS might prevent bone loss and keep bone connectivity in osteoporotic bones. Therefore, the LIUS might prevent effectively the osteoporotic fractures in clinics.