• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 2010

Objective : Ssangwha-tang is a traditional medicine formula widely prescribed for a decrease of fatigue after an illness in Korea. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Ssangwha-tang fermented by Lactobacillus fermentum (SF) on osteoclast differentiation in vitro and on bone metabolism of an ovariectomized rat in vivo. Methods : Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and staining were applied to evaluate the formation of osteoclasts. Ovariectomized rats were orally administrated with SF (30 ml/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, phosphate, calcium levels were determined. Effect of SF on bone loss were studied by histological analysis and the measurement of bone mineral density. Results : SF significantly inhibited tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and formation of osteoclasts in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by receptor activator for nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) ligand (RANKL). In addition, SF significantly decreased the level of triglyceride and increased the level of low-density lipoprotein. Moreover, the decrease of trabeculae of the femur was partially prevented in ovariectomized rats administrated with SF. Conclusions : SF treatment could prevent ovariectomy induced bone loss and its effects could be medicated by the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.224-229
• /
• 2007

Vertebral compression fractures can occur due to trauma, a malignancy, or most commonly, osteoporosis. These fractures are frequently seen in elderly women; 30% of postmenopausal women are affected by vertebral compression fractures. These fragile fractures frequently result in both acute and chronic pain, but more importantly, are a source of increased morbidity and possibly, mortality. These injuries can be treated both conservatively and with surgery. The use of percutaneous vertebral augmentation offers a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. We experienced two cases of compression fractures diagnosed during the treatment of thoracic postherpetic neuralgia. Two patients suffering from postherpetic neuralgia with a sharp and stabbing pain in the thoracic dermatomes that was unresponsive to conservative treatment were transferred to our clinic. During the management of postherpetic neuralgia, we incidentally found thoracic compression fractures after obtaining fluoroscopic guided images. After a balloon kyphoplasty, the preoperative pain related to the postherpetic neuralgia was successfully relieved soon after the procedure, and there were no complications.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.49-68
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes, blood lipids and bone mineral density of male (n = 59) and female (n = 172) teachers according to the obesity index by percentage of body fat and age. The energy intakes of obesity group were higher than normal group in male (p < 0.05), but were not significant in female. The protein intake ratio among three energy nutrients for male was higher than female (p < 0.001), and lipid intake ratio of obesity group in female was a little higher than male that was not significant. TC, LDL, TC/HDL, risk of coronary heart disease, blood glucose and blood pressure of obesity group were higher than normal group in female (p < 0.01 ~ p < 0.001), but were little significance in male. Risk of coronary heart disease was affected by gender (p < 0.001), obesity degree (p < 0.01), age (p < 0.001), and interaction of gender and age (p < 0.001). Blood glucose was affected by obesity degree (p < 0.05), but was not affected by age. T-scores of forearm for female (= -1.42) were lower than that of male = -0.95), and T-scores of obesity group in male (= 0.12) were higher than that of normal group (= -0.33) but were not significant in female. The T-scores of forearm for female were affected by age (p < 0.05) and gender (p < 0.01), but calcaneus was not affected by gender. These results suggest lipid intake ratio should be balanced for obesity group in female. Nutritional education for treatment obesity to prevent hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis is necessary for obesity group and older age groups. T-scores of forearm were lower than calcaneus, so arm exercise would be especially required to prevent osteoporosis for older age women groups.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.145-155
• /
• 2016

Cow's milk and dairy products are elements of the human diet that could play an important role in improving human health. The macronutrients and micronutrients found in milk could supply the nutrients required to maintain human health. Among them, milk-derived bioactive peptides have been identified as potential ingredients found in health promoting functional foods. These bioactive peptides target diet-related chronic diseases, particularly non-communicable ones such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. Additionally probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are can be considered live microorganisms that confer health benefits for the host-, when administered in adequate amounts. Further, the calcium, vitamin D, and protein content of milk and dairy products could play a role in proving bone health. The effect of milk and calcium on bone mineral density could prevent against fracture, osteoporosis and rickets. Furthermore, milk and dairy products also contain which factors that, which protect against dental caries (anti-cariogenic properties). This paper reviews the various nutritional functions of milk and dairy products in improving human health.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2013

The measurement of Korea people's Radial-terminal region were frequently measure of the left hand of Radial-terminal region due to the most Korean's are right-handed and it occasionally showed incorrect results. Therefore, in this study, we accessed a correlation with error of measurement and reduced the measurement error invalid. We reviewed 50 adults patients, from March 2012 for a certain period of time, visited the orthopedic center for the neutral position of forearm of plain radiography and measured the left side of the distal radial-terminal region containing the terminal region of the right distal radius. Then we have compared and analysed both T-score. As a result, the lower value of left wrist were 45 out of 75 which is approximately 60% of left wrist group while the lower value of right wrist were 30 out of 75 which is approximately 40% of right wrist group.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2012

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Melia Fructus extract on osteoclast differentiation. Methods: MTT-assay was performed to estimate cytotoxicity of Melia Fructus extract in BMMs stimulated with M-CSF. TRAP staining, TRAP activity and Real-time PCR were performed to know the inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation. Actin ring formation were analysed to observe the effect of Melia Fructus extract. Results: Melia Fructus extract decreased the number of TRAP positive cells and the expression of NFATc1 gene, c-Fos gene, TRAP and OSCAR in BMMs stimulated with RANKL. Melia Fructus extract has no cytotoxicity at the concentration used in this study. Melia Fructus extract restrained the formation of actin ring. Melia Fructus inhibited NF-${\kappa}B$ activity by inducing degradation of p-$IkB{\alpha}$. Conclusions: Melia Fructus has the inhibitory effect of osteocalst differentiation and bone resorption. Further studies are needed to treat osteoporosis by herbal medicine containing Melia Fructus.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.458-464
• /
• 2011

Purpose: Metacarpal fractures are common hand injury that may require operative intervention to ensure adequate reduction and stabilization. Traditionally, titanium miniplate was used for rigid fixation of bone fractures. However, the use of permanent plate lends itself to multiple complications such as infection, exposure of the hardware, tendon adhesions, tendon rupture, prolonged pain, bony atrophy and osteoporosis (stress shielding), metal sensitization, and palpation under the skin. This study evaluated the usefulness and stability of biodegradable plates and screws for treatment of metacarpal bone fractures. Methods: There was 17 patients who had surgery for metacarpal bone fracture from April 2007 to June 2010. All patients had open reduction and internal fixation. We used absorbable plates and screws (Inion CPS$^{(R)}$) for internal fixation. Postoperative results were assessed with x-ray. Stability of plates and screws, healing process and its complications were observed by clinical and radiographic assessment. Results: All patients were successfully reduced of bone fracture, and fixations with absorbable plates and screws were stable. The mean follow up period was 7.1 months. 2 patients complained postoperative pain, but they were relieved with analgesics. All patients experienced transient stiffness, but they were relieved with active assistive range of motion after removal of splint. No patients suffered complications which could be occurred by using metallic plate. Conclusion: There was no critical complications such as re-fracture or nonunion among patients. No patients suffered side effects related with metallic implants. Biodegradable implants can offer clinically stable and attractive alternative to metallic implants to stabilize metacarpal bone fractures in the hand.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.66-72
• /
• 2002

Korean safflower seed has been known to have healing effects on both bone fracture and osteoporosis. On the base of such a notice, this experiment was carried out to explore the effects of safflower seed on bone formation and bone repair. The toxicity test and the effect of Korean safflower seed were evaluated with 60 rats, 3-month old. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats composed of 20 male and 20 female were underwent unilateral tibial defect and then fastened with unilateral fixators. The operated rats were divided into two groups depending on the composition of diet, such as positive control group fed normal diet(C-OP group) and safflower seed group fed 30% of safflower seed diet and 70% of normal diet(S-OP group). Another 20 rats without operation were maintained, each 10 rats were fed either normal diet or 30% of safflower seed diet and 70% of normal diet, and observed the toxicity of safflower seed by measuring weight and urine parameters. Postoperative radiography were taken once in 2 weeks to evaluate callus formation for operated groups and blood collection via heart puncture were carried out once in 3 weeks for 3 groups. The concentration of Ca and Pi in serum were measured using both auto Kit and $^{31}$ P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(NMR). At present study, no toxic effect was observed from both weight increment and urine index after feeding the safflower seed diet. The comparison of the radiography between C-OP and S-OP group were showed that the safflower seed diet appeared to stimulate the formation of callus in the rat. The ratio of Ca/P in serum was low in S-OP group compared to C-OP group with the auto Kit, but there were no significant differences between two groups (p < 0.05). In addition, the variations of Pi values in NMR examination were also confirmed based on the result of auto Kit. In conclusion, this study implied that safflower seed might influence to bone formation and shorten the periods of remedy by stimulating the calcification of bone

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2015

Bone destruction is a pathological symptom of some chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. Inflammation-induced bone loss of these diseases results from increased number and activity of osteoclasts. Paeoniae Radix Alba has been used in korean traditional medicine to treat disease including inflammation, gynecopathy and various pain. However, these effects have not been tested on osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells that regulate bone metabolism. Here, we investigated the effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba ethanol extract (PRAE) on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation and formation. Osteoclast differentiation and formation were measured by tartrate resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP) staining and TRAP solution assay. The treatment of PRAE on bone marrow derived macrophages (BMMs), which is known as osteoclast precursor cells, inhibited osteoclast differentiation and formation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of osteoclast differentiation marker genes was suppressed by PRAE treatment. This inhibitory effect of PRAE resulted from significant repression of c-Fos expression, and subsequent reduction of NFATc1 expression which was previously reported as a master transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that PRAE negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and formation and suggest that PRAE can be used as a potent preventive or therapeutic candidate for various bone diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis, periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.236-239
• /
• 2005

This study investigated the effect of ovariectomy (OVX) on the rat bone fur long term (22 weeks). In previous researches, there were many studies for morphology of OVX-induced osteoporotic bones based on micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT). However, there were few studies fpr detecting and tracking changes of mechanical characteristics in the lumbar vertebrae of OVX rat fur long-term. For this study, one female Sprague-Dawley rat was used: an OVX rat. The 4th lumbar of the OVX rat was utilized as a specimen. Morphological characteristics could be investigated fur the lumbar vertebrae in an OVX rat by using in-vivo Micro-CT. An OVX rat was scanned at week 0 (just before surgery), at week 4, at week 8, at week 16 and at week 22 after surgery. Micro finite element $({\mu}FE)$ analysis was used to investigate mechanical characteristics in the lumbar vertebrae for an OVX rat.