• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.163-167
• /
• 2000

Aneurysmal bone cyst(ABC) is a benign lesion and generally occurs in the long bones and vertebral column. ABC of the rib is an uncommon entity. We reported a case of ABC originating in the left first rib. The patient was a 19-year-old woman and presented with palpable mass on the shoulder. Chest X ray and MRI showed a large expansile mass, with multiple cystic areas, arising from the left first rib and bulging out into retroclavicular and paravertebral soft tissue, so the lesion was initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue malignant tumor destructing adjacent rib. On histological examination, the mass, which was surrounded by a peripheral band of mature trabecular bone, consisted of multiple anastomosing cavernous blood channels separated by fibrous septa that containing osteoid, myxochondroid material and osteoclast-type giant cells.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.257-277
• /
• 2000

New techniques for regenerating the destructed periodontal tissue have been studied for many years. Current acceptable methods of promoting periodontal regeneration are basis of removal of diseased soft tissue, root treatment, guided tissue regeneration, graft materials, and biological mediators. Platelet Rich Plasma has been reported as a biological mediator which regulates activities of wound healing progress including cell proliferation, migration, and metabolism. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of using the Platelet Rich Plasma as a regeneration promoting agent for furcation involvement defect. Five adult beagle dogs were used in this experiment. The dogs were anesthetized with Ketamin HCl(0.1 ml/kg, IV)and Xylazine hydrochloride($Rompun^{(R)}$, Bayer, 0.1 ml/kg, IM) and conventional periodontal prophylaxis were performed with ultrasonic scaler and hand instruments. With intrasulcular and crestal incision, mucoperiosteal flap was elevated. Following decortication with 1/2 high speed round bur, degree II furcation defect was made on mandibular third(P3), forth(P4) and fifth(P5) premolar, and stopping was inserted. After 4 weeks, stopping was removed, and bone graft was performed. Ca-P was grafted in P3(experimental group I), Combination of Ca-P and plasma rich platelet were grafted in P4(experimental group II), and P5 was remained at control group.Systemic antibiotics(gentamicin sulfate)and anlgesics(phenyl butazone) were administrated intramuscular for 2 weeks after surgery. Irrigation with 0.1% Chlorhexidine Gluconate around operate sites was performed during the whole experimental period except one day immediate after surgery. Soft diets were fed through the whole experiment period. After 4, 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed by perfusion technique. Tissue block was excised including the tooth and prepared for light microscope with Gomori's trichrome staining. At 4 weeks after surgery, there were rapid osteogenesis phenomenon on the defected area of the Platelet Rich Plasma plus Ca-P BBP group and early trabeculation pattern was made with new osteoid tissue produced by activated osteoblast. Bone formation was almost completed to the fornix of furcation by 8 weeks after surgery. In conclusion, Platelet Rich Plasma can promote rapid osteogenesis during healing of periodontalregeneration.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.197-212
• /
• 2014

Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant primary bone tumors and NF-${\kappa}B$ appears to play a causative role, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. OS is one of the pleomorphic, highly metastasized and invasive neoplasm which is capable to generate osteoid, osteoclast and osteoblast matrix. Its high incidence has been reported in adolescent and children. Cell signal cascade is the pivotal functional mechanism acquired during the differentiation, proliferation, growth and survival of the cells in neoplasm including OS. The major limitation to the success of chemotherapy in OS is the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). Answers to all such queries might come from the knock-in experiments in which the combined approach of miRNAs with NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway is put into use. Abnormal miRNAs can modulate several epigenetical switching as a hallmark of number of diseases via different cell signaling. Studies on miRNAs have opened up the new avenues for both the diagnosis and treatment of cancers including OS. Collectively, through the present study an attempt has been made to establish a new systematic approach for the investigation of microRNAs, bio-physiological factors and their target pairs with NF-${\kappa}B$ to ameliorate oncogenesis with the "bridge between miRNAs and NF-${\kappa}B$". The application of NF-${\kappa}B$ inhibitors in combination with miRNAs is expected to result in a more efficient killing of the cancer stem cells and a slower or less likely recurrence of cancer.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 2008

Purpose : To observe and evaluate the effects of Simvastatin-induced osteogenesis on the wound healing of defective bone. Materials and Methods : 64 defective bones were created in the parietal bone of 32 New Zealand White rabbits. The defects were grafted with collagen matrix carriers mixed with Simvastatin solution in the experimental group of 16 rabbits and with collagen matrix carriers mixed with water in the controlled group. The rabbits were terminated at an interval of 3, 5, 7, and 9 days, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after the formation of defective bone. The wound healing was evaluated by soft X-ray radiography. The tissues within defective bones were evaluated through the analysis of flow cytometry for the manifestation of Runx2 and Osteocalcin, and observed histopathologically by using H-E stain and Masson's trichrome stain. Results : 1. In the experimental group, flow cytometry revealed more manifestation of Runx2 at 5, 7, and 9 days and Osteocalcin at 2 weeks than in the controlled groups, but there was few difference in comparison with the controlled group. 2. In the experimental group, flow cytometry revealed considerably more cells and erythrocytes at 5, 7, and 9 days in comparison with the controlled group. 3. In the experimental group, soft x-ray radiography revealed the extended formation of trabeculation at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. 4. Histopathological features of the experimental group showed more fibroblasts and newly formed vessels at 5 and 7 days, and the formation of osteoid tissues at 9 days, and the newly formed trabeculations at 4 and 6 weeks. Conclusion : As the induced osteogenesis by Simvastatin, there was few contrast of the manifestation between Runx2 and Osteocalcin based on the differentiation of osteoblasts. But it was considered that the more formation of cells and erythrocytes depending on newly formed vessels in the experimental group obviously had an effect on the bone regeneration.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.165-177
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to perform on the biological activity of Magnolia and Zizyphi fructus extract mixtures on the wound healing of defected rat calvaria. For the determination of the mixture ratio of two extracts for oral administration, preliminary experiments were performed with the mixture combination of 2000 and $3000{\mu}g/ml$ of Magnolia extract, and also 20, 30, 200, 300, 2000 and $3000{\mu}g/ml$ of Zizyphi fructus extract, respectively and divided into 6 groups. The combination of extracts mixture were tested on the enhancing effect of cellular activity. The effect of the extracts mixture on the cellular activity was evaluated using MTT method and measured on the results with optical density by ELISA reader. The ability to tissue regeneration of the extracts mixture was performed by measuring new bone and new connective tissue regeneration on the 5mm defected rat calvaria for 1, 2 and 3 weeks after oral administration of 2 different dosages groups : 10:1(0.1g/kg) and 10:1(0.5g/kg). It was employed the same dosages of unsaponifiable fraction of Zea Mays L as positive controls. Each group of rat was sacrificed and en bloc section for histological examination. The effect on the cellular activity of each mixture ratio showed significantly higher in $2000{\mu}g/ml$ of Magnolia extract and $200{\mu}g/ml$ of Zizyphi fructus extract group to compare with other groups. These preliminary results showed that appropriate mixture ratio of two extracts was 10:1 of Magnolia and Zizyphi fructus extract. Histological examination on the activity of tissue regeneration of each group showed that 2weeks and 3weeks specimens of 0.5g/kg of 10:1 extract mixture of Magnolia and Ziziphi fructus administrated rat calvaria revealed significantly more osteoid and new bone formation of defected calvaria with unification of defected area than the specimens of any other negative and positive controls. Even though the specimen administrated the same dosages of unsaponifiable fraction of Zea Mays L, positive controls, showed the trend that they promote significantly the repair of calvarial defect, their bone reparative activities were less inductive than the same dosages of Magnolia and Ziziphi fructus extract mixture. These results implicated that the mixture of Magnolia and Zizyphi fructus extracts should be highly effective on the wound healing of bony defected site and might have potential possibilities as an useful drug to promote periodontal tissue regeneration.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2014

Purpose: We analyzed the diagnosis and the treatment outcomes of patients with central low grade osteosarcoma. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 16 patients with central low grade osteosarcoma were treated at out institution between 1994 and 2011. Results: There were 4 men and 12 women with mean age of 26 years. Eleven patients were correctly diagnosed but 5 patients were misdiagnosed as osteoid osteoma, non ossifying fibroma, aneurysmal bone cyst, desmoplastic fibroma. 15 patients finally received wide margin en bloc excision and one of them treated under neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Final survival status was continuous disease free in 14 and 1 patient died of renal cell cancer. Remaining 1 with multifocal lesions is alive with disease for 7 years only treated radiation therapy on residual tumors. Nine (56%) of 16 tumors showed extra-osseous extension of tumor (56%) and 1 of them showed extra-compartmental tumors. Conclusion: The diagnosis of central low grade osteosarcoma is challenging, however, considering of the clinical suspicion, the typical findings of radiologic and pathologic features, proper diagnosis is needed. This tumor should be treated with wide excision, even after an intralesional excision, to avoid local recurrence or transformation to higher histologic grade.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 2000

The cemento-ossifying fibroma is a well-demarcated and occasionally encapsulated neoplasm composed of fibrous tissue that contains varying amounts of calcified tissue resembling bone, cementum, or both. The greatest number of cases are encountered during the third and fourth decades of life and there is a definite female predilection, with female-to-male ratios as high as 5 : 1 being reported. The mandible is involved far more than the maxilla, and 90 percent of all cases are located in the mandible. The mandibular premolar-molar area is the most common site. Radiographically, the lesion is most often well defined and unilocular. Depending on the amount of calcified produced in the tumor, it may appear as completely radiolucent ; more often it shows varying degrees of radiopacity. Some lesions may be largely radiopaque with a radiolucent halo. On microscopic study, the tumor is composed of fibrous tissue of varying degrees of cellularity containing calcified material. This may be in the form of trabeculae of osteoid and bone or basophilic ovoid calcifications that resemble cementum-like material. Admixture of the two types of calcifications are commonly seen. On this case, large cemento-ossifying fibroma has grown in the mandible and this lesion was treated by complete surgical excision and posterior iliac bone graft. A review of literature and a report of a case of cemento-ossifying fibroma are presented.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.17 no.11
• /
• pp.1488-1491
• /
• 2007

An epulis was occurred on gingiva of 11-year old female dog, Yorkshire terrier. Our case had feature of ossifying epulis but there were a few multi-nucleated giant cells (MGCs). MGCs had osteoclast-like appearance and giant cell epulis usually appears at the site of tooth extraction. Therefore, we suggest that appearance of MGCs in our case may be due to phagocytosis pre-formed osteoid/bone or our case may be mixed epulides of ossifying and giant cell epulis by mixed stimulation of chronic gingivitis and trauma and in flammation by tooth extraction. Thus, MGCs have possibility enough to appear in ossifying epulis, but ossifying epulis accompanying MGCs has not been reported. Therefore, our case may deserves an attention as an unique case and will be helpful to study pathogenesis of giant cell containing lesion of the jaw.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.31 no.2 s.85
• /
• pp.173-185
• /
• 2001

The orthodontic osseointegrated titanium implant, a kind of intraoral skeletal anchorage can be an alternative to tooth-borne anchorage, in case that the conventional tooth-borne anchorage is not available or the anchorage is critical. This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of early loading on the osseointegration of the orthodontic titanium implant and the healing process of the impaired bone at the site of implant after removing it. In two adult beagle dogs24 osseointegrated titanium implants were inserted into the alveolar bone, with 12 implants placed in each dog. In dog1, 6 out of 12 implants were loaded with 200-300gm of force immediately after placing, and the remaining 6 implants were not loaded for 4weeks. In dog2, all 12 implants had healing period of 4weeks, and then were loaded with 200-300gm of force for another 4weeks. Following an observation period of 4 and 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed. Then the implants and the surrounding bone of dog1 and dog2 were removed, respectively. Undecalcified sections along the long axis of implant were made and the degree of osseointegration was examined under the light microscope. The results were as follows. 1. In the histologic features of tissues around implants anchored in dog1, there was no difference between immediately loaded implants and unloaded implants. Immature woven bone was ingrowing into the thread spaces from the original compacta and in direct contact with the implant surface in part. 2. The premature loading just after 4weeks healing period did not halt the progress of the osseointegration between bone and implant surface. The woven bone around the implants was maturing into the lamellar bone which resembled the structure of the original compacta at the end of 8weeks observation period. 3. Most implants with the inflammed surrounding mucosa were lost or mobile. The mobile implants were encapsulated by fibrous connective tissue which separated the implant surface from the bone. 4. The impaired bone at the site of the implant failed to anchor was showing recovery without inflammatory reaction 2weeks after removing, with the immaure woven bone lined by active osteoblasts and osteoid. Based on the results of this study, the integration of this orthodontic implant seemed to be impaired by the inflammation of the tissue surrounding the Implant rather than by early loading on implant, and increased with time lapsed after placing the implant. The use of implant described in this report can be recommended as an orthodontic anchorage unit immediately after insertion under the careful control of orthodontic force applied and plaque.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.27 no.3 s.62
• /
• pp.391-399
• /
• 1997

Rapid palatal expansion(RPE) is a method of inducing the new bone formation in the palate by separation of the midpalatal suture, which can be done conveniently by placing heavy force across the maxillary dental arch. This experiment was undertaken to examine the histologic changes after RPE and during retention period. Four young adult dogs(a control dog, three experimental dogs) aged 4 to 6 months old were used for this experiment. Expansion screw($Hyrax^{\circledR}$, Dentarum Inc.) was delevered to the palate and fumed 180 degrees every morning and evening for 8 days, giving a total expansion of 7.2mm. A control dog was sacrified at the starting point of this study without any treatment and three experimental dogs were sacrified after RPE, 14-day retention, and 28-day retention in each. Thereafter, those samples were observed with hematoxylin-eosin(H-E) stain, ground section(Villanueva stain), alkaline phosphatase(ALP) stain, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRA) stain. The results were as followings: 1. After RPE, collagen fiber bundles were stretched along the midpalatal suture and few osteoblasts were flattened-inactive state and also, a little osteoid tissues was observed. Few multinucleated osteoclasts which had TRAP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen in horizontal section, whereas a few osteoclasts were seen in frontal section, especially in the nasal floor side of palatal bone. 2. After 14-day retention, collagen fiber bundles were stretched along the midpalatal suture and few osteoblasts which had ALP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen. Few multinucleated osteoclasts which had TRAP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen in horizontal section, whereas a few osteoclasts were seen in frontal section, especially in the nasal floor side of palatal bone. 3. After 28-day retention, collagen fiber bundles were arranged like those of control dog and osteoblasts which showed a lot of immature bone formation were cuboidal shape and exhibited ALP-positive activity in their cytoplasm. Few multinucleated osteoclasts which had TRAP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen in horizontal section, whereas a few osteoclasts were seen in frontal section, especially in the nasal floor side of palatal bone. According to the above results, the new bone formation after rapid palatal expansion was examined after 14-day retention and significantly increased after 28-day retention.