• 제목/요약/키워드: Orthodontic Wires

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Comparison between fiber-reinforced polymers and stainless steel orthodontic retainers

  • Lucchese, Alessandra;Manuelli, Maurizio;Ciuffreda, Claudio;Albertini, Paolo;Gherlone, Enrico;Perillo, Letizia
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제48권2호
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2018
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the properties of fiber-reinforced composite and stainless steel twisted retainers for orthodontic retention. Methods: Three different span lengths (5.0, 8.0, and 14.0 mm) of fiber-reinforced composite were investigated. The three fiber-reinforced composite retainer groups were subdivided according to the storage condition (dry and wet), resulting in a total of six groups. Each stainless steel and fiber-reinforced composite group was comprised of six specimens. The three-point bending flexural test was conducted using a universal testing machine. ANOVA was used to assess differences in the maximum load and maximum stress according to the span length, material, and storage condition. Post-hoc comparisons were performed if necessary. Results: The maximum stress and maximum load were significantly (p < 0.001) associated with the span length, material, and storage condition. The significant interaction between the material and span length (p < 0.001) indicated the differential effects of the material for each span length on the maximum stress and maximum load, with the difference between materials being the highest for the maximum span length. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that fiber-reinforced composite retainers may be an effective alternative for orthodontic retention in patients with esthetic concerns or allergy to conventional stainless steel wires.

전해연마후 교정선의 변화에 관한 실험적 연구 (AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHANGES OF ORTHODONTIC WIRES AFTER ELECTROPOLISHING)

  • 이재철;김종철
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.823-836
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    • 1992
  • Guiding a tooth along an arch wire results in a counteracting frictional force among arch wires, bracket and ligature. This frictional forces should be eliminated or minimized when orthodontic teeth movement is being planned. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of width, cross-sectional forms and surface morphologies of stainless steel wire and $Elgiloy^{\circledR}$ wire after electropolising. Experimental variables included in this experiment were arch wire materials, current, electrolyte temperature and polishing time. Wire widths were measured by micrometer and cross-sectional forms and surface morphologies were examined with optical microscope and scanning electron microcope. The results were as follows: 1. The mean and standard deviation of widths of stainless steel wire and $Elgiloy^{\circledR}$ wire varying polishing time with condition of $249A/dm^2$ and $20^{\circ}C,\;249A/dm^2$ and, $332A/dm^2$ and $20^{\circ}C$ and $332A/dm^2$ and $250^{\circ}C$ were obtained. 2. With increasing polishing time, the widths of stainless steel wire and $Elgiloy^{\circledR}$ wire became decreased proportionally 3. The changes of widths of stainless steel wire and $Elgiloy^{\circledR}$ wire were statistically insignificant between $20^{\circ}C$ group and $25^{\circ}C$ group, but significant between $249A/dm^2$ group and $332A/dm^2$ group. 4 The cross-sectional forms of wire after electropolishing were not changed in stainless steel wire, and while it were changed to rounded corners in $Elgiloy^{\circledR}$ wire. 5. The surface morphologies of wire after electropolishing were scratch-absent and more smoothened both in stainless steel wire and $Elgiloy^{\circledR}$ wire.

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Effects of single-dose, low-level laser therapy on pain associated with the initial stage of fixed orthodontic treatment: A randomized clinical trial

  • Qamruddin, Irfan;Alam, Mohammad Khursheed;Abdullah, Habiba;Kamran, Muhammad Abdullah;Jawaid, Nausheen;Mahroof, Verda
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제48권2호
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    • pp.90-97
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    • 2018
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic effect of a single application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on spontaneous pain and pain on chewing after placement of initial archwires. Methods: Forty-two patients (26 women, 16 men) were randomly recruited for this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Each patient received super-elastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) initial archwires (0.012, 0.014, 0.016, and 0.018-inch [in]) in the maxilla for leveling and alignment for an interval of 4 weeks between archwires. One side of the mouth was randomly designated as experimental, while the other side served as placebo. After insertion of each archwire, the experimental side was irradiated with a diode laser for 3 seconds each on 5 points facially and palatally per tooth, from the central incisor to first molar. On the placebo side, the laser device was held the same way but without laser application. A numerical rating scale was used to assess the intensity of spontaneous and masticatory pain for the following 7 days. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare pain scores between sides. Results: Patients in the LLLT group exhibited significantly lower mean scores for spontaneous pain after insertion of the initial two archwires (0.012-in and 0.014-in NiTi; p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference for 0.016-in and 0.018-in wires between the LLLT and placebo groups. LLLT significantly reduced chewing pain scores (p < 0.05) for all archwires. Conclusions: A single dose of LLLT considerably lessened postoperative pain accompanying the placement of super-elastic NiTi wires for initial alignment and leveling.

전기도금을 이용한 스테인레스 스틸 각형 선재의 굵기 증가 후 물성 변화 (Change of physical properties after diameter increase by electroplating of orthodontic rectangular stainless steel wire)

  • 이정석;이기헌;황현식
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.131-140
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구는 전기도금을 이용하여 각형 선재의 굵기를 증가시킨 후 기존의 선재와 물성을 비교함으로써 이의 임상적 적용 가능성을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 한 변의 길이가 0.016 인치인 정사각형 스테인레스 스틸 교정용 선재에 니켈 전기도금을 시행하여 굵기를 0.001 인치 증가시켜 한 변의 길이가 0.017인치인 정사각형 선재로 만들었고 도금층의 밀착성을 증진시키기 위해 $400^{\circ}C$의 전기로에서 10분간 열처리를 시행하였다 시편의 물성변화를 알아보기 위하여 전기도금을 이용하여 제작된 15개의 시편을 실험군(016P군)으로, 기존의 0.016 인치 (016군), 0.017 인치 (017군) 스테인레스 스틸 교정용 선재를 대조군으로 설정한 후 3점 굴곡 시험과 비틀림 시험을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 3점 굴곡 시험 결과 0l6P군이 016군에 비해 강성과 항복강도, 극한강도 모두 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 강성과 극한강도는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 2. 3점 굴곡 시험 결과 0l6P군이 017군보다 강성과 항복강도, 극한강도 모두 낮은 경 향을 보였으며, 강성은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 3. 비틀림 시험 결과 016P군이 016군에 비해 비틀림 강성과 항복 비틀림 모멘트, 최대 비틀림 모멘트 모두 높았으며, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 4. 비틀림 시험 결과 016P군이 017군에 비해 비틀림 강성과 항복 비틀림 모멘트, 최대 비틀림 모멘트 모두 낮은 경향을 보였으며, 이 중 항복 비틀림 모멘트와 최대 비틀림 모멘트에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 요약해 보면 각형 선재에 도금을 시행하여 굵기를 증가시키고 물성이 증가될 수 있음을 알았다. 비록 도금을 시행한 016P군이 기존의 017군보다 강성이 낮았으나 이는 반대로 016P군이 017군보다 탄성이 높음을 나타내며 토크조절이 부족한 경우 브라켓 슬롯에 쉽게 삽입되어 교정력을 발휘할 것으로 기대된다.

교정용 와이어의 표면특성에 미치는 TiN 및 ZrN 코팅영향 (Effects of TiN and ZrN Coating on Surface Characteristics of Orthodontic Wire)

  • 김원기;김도영;최한철
    • 한국표면공학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.147-155
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    • 2008
  • The dental orthodontic wire provides a good combination of strength, corrosion resistance and moderate cost. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TiN and ZrN coating on corrosion resistance and physical property of orthodontic wire using various instruments. Wires(round type and rectangular type) were used, respectively, for experiment. Ion plating was carried out for wire using Ti and Zr coating materials with nitrogen gas. Ion plated surface of each specimen was observed with field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS), atomic force microscopy(AFM), vickers hardness tester, and electrochemical tester. The surface of TiN and ZrN coated wire was more smooth than that of other kinds of non-coated wire. TiN and ZrN coated surface showed higher hardness than that of non-coated surface. The corrosion potential of the TiN coated wire was comparatively high. The current density of TiN coated wire was smaller than that of non-coated wire in 0.9% NaCl solution. Pit nucleated at scratch of wire. The pitting corrosion resistance $|E_{pit}-E_{rep}|$ increased in the order of ZrN coated(300 mV), TiN coated(120 mV) and non-coated wire(0 mV).

납착 방법에 따른 교정용 와이어의 기계적 특성 비교 (A Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Orthodontic Wire Joints according to Soldering Methods)

  • 이혜진;홍민호
    • 대한치과기공학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.239-246
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the tensile strength and mechanical properties of orthodontic wire joints made by gas soldering and laser welding, with and without filling material, to identify the effectiveness and potential clinical application of laser welded orthodontic wires. Methods: Three joint configurations of orthodontic wire were used: diameter 0.9 to 0.9 mm wire, diameter 0.9 to 0.5 wire and diameter 0.9 mm wire to band. The joints were made using three different methods: gas soldering, laser welding with and without filling material. For each kind of joint configuration or connecting method 7 specimens were carefully produced. The tensile strengths were measured with a universal testing machine (Zwick/Roell, Instron, USA). The hardness measurements were carried out with a hardness tester(Future-Tech Co. Tokyo, Japan). Data were analyzed by AVOVA(p= .05) and Turkey HD test(p= .05). Results: In all cases, gas soldering joints were ruptured on a low level on tensile bonding strength. Significant differences between laser welding and gas soldering(p< .05) were found in each joint configuration. The highest tensile strength means were observed for laser welding, with filling material, of 0.9 to 0.9 mm wire joint. Conclusion: In conclusion, the elastic modulus and tensile strength means of laser soldering with filling material were the highest, and the tensile strength means of laser soldering were higher than those of gas soldering.

Effect of archwire stiffness and friction on maxillary posterior segment displacement during anterior segment retraction: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

  • Park, Choon-Soo;Yu, Hyung-Seog;Cha, Jung-Yul;Mo, Sung-Seo;Lee, Kee-Joon
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제49권6호
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    • pp.393-403
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    • 2019
  • Objective: Sliding mechanics using orthodontic miniscrews is widely used to stabilize the anchorage during extraction space closure. However, previous studies have reported that both posterior segment displacement and anterior segment displacement are possible, depending on the mechanical properties of the archwire. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of archwire stiffness and friction change on the displacement pattern of the maxillary posterior segment during anterior segment retraction with orthodontic miniscrews in sliding mechanics. Methods: A three-dimensional finite element model was constructed. The retraction point was set at the archwire level between the lateral incisor and canine, and the orthodontic miniscrew was located at a height of 8 mm from the archwire between the second premolar and first molar. Archwire stiffness was simulated with rectangular stainless steel wires and a rigid body was used as a control. Various friction levels were set for the surface contact model. Displacement patterns for the posterior and anterior segments were compared between the conditions. Results: Both the anterior and posterior segments exhibited backward rotation, regardless of archwire stiffness or friction. Among the conditions tested in this study, the least undesirable rotation was found with low archwire stiffness and low friction. Conclusions: Posterior segment displacement may be unavoidable but reducing the stiffness and friction of the main archwire may minimize unwanted rotations during extraction space closure.

Clinical factors affecting the longevity of fixed retainers and the influence of fixed retainers on periodontal health in periodontitis patients: a retrospective study

  • Han, Ji-Young;Park, Seo Hee;Kim, Joohyung;Hwang, Kyung-Gyun;Park, Chang-Joo
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제51권3호
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    • pp.163-178
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical factors affecting the longevity of fixed retainers and the influence of fixed retainers on periodontal health in periodontitis patients. Methods: In total, 52 patients with at least 2 years of follow-up after periodontal and orthodontic treatment were included in this study. After scaling and root planing, orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances or clear aligners was performed. Fixed retainers with twist-flex stainless steel wires were bonded to the palatal or lingual sides of anterior teeth. Changes in clinical parameters, including the plaque index, gingival index, calculus index (CI), probing pocket depth, and radiographic bone levels, were evaluated before bonding of fixed retainers and at a 12-month follow-up. Cumulative survival rates (CSRs) for retainer failure were evaluated according to sex, site, CI, stage of periodontitis, and the severity of the irregularity with the log-rank test and hazard ratios (HRs). Results: Twelve months after bonding of fixed retainers, improvements were observed in all clinical parameters except CI and radiographic bone gain. The overall CSR of the retainers with a CI <1 at the 12-month follow-up after bonding of fixed retainers was significantly higher than that of the retainers with a CI ≥1 at the 12-month follow-up (log-rank test; P<0.001). Patients with stage III (grade B or C) periodontitis had a higher multivariate HR for retainer failure (5.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-23.91; P=0.026) than patients with stage I (grade A or B) periodontitis. Conclusions: Although fixed retainers were bonded in periodontitis patients, periodontal health was well maintained if supportive periodontal treatment with repeated oral hygiene education was provided. Nonetheless, fixed retainer failure occurred more frequently in patients who had stage III (grade B or C) periodontitis or a CI ≥1 at 12-month follow-up after bonding of fixed retainers.

고정원 강화를 위해 치면에 부착한 fiber-reinforced composite과 스테인리스강 와이어의 피로한도 비교 (Comparison of the fatigue limit of fiber-reinforced composites and stainless steel wires when attached to the tooth surface for anchorage reinforcement)

  • 김문정;박수병
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.302-311
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 고정원을 강화하는데 사용되는 fiber-reinforced composite (FRC)과 스테인리스강 와이어의 피로 한도를 치아의 생리적 동요도가 허용되는 조건에서 비교하여 FRC의 임상적 유용성을 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 스테인리스강 와이어군은 각형과 원형 와이어군으로 나누고 FRC군은 uni-directional군과 woven군, 그리고 각각의 군에 있어서 치간 부위에 레진을 코팅한 군과 코팅하지 않은 군으로 나누었다 각 군간의 피로한도를 일반적인 교정치료기간을 재현한 $5{\times}10^5cycle$의 피로한도 내에서 측정하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 스테인리스강 와이어에서는 각형 와이어가 원형 와이어보다 피로한도가 더 높았지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다 (p>0.05) 치간부위를 레진으로 코팅한 FRC와 코팅하지 않은 FRC 모두 uni-directional군이 woven군보다 피로한도가 더 높게 나타났으며 (p<0.05) 그 값은 치간 부위를 레진으로 코팅한 FRC가 코팅하지 않은 FRC보다 더 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 스테인리스강 와이어와 FRC 모두 임상적으로 유용한 $5{\times}10^5cycle$의 피로한도 내에서는 파절되지 않았기 때문에 둘 다 고정원 강화를 위해 사용하여도 충분하며 또한 심미성이 요구되거나 부가적인 장치의 부착이 필요한 곳에서는 FRC를 사용하여도 충분하리라 생각된다.

Treatment of Class I crowding using simple tubes bonded with customized resin coverings: A case report

  • Jeong, Seo-Rin;Kim, Hye-In;Lim, Sung-Hoon
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제49권2호
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    • pp.116-123
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    • 2019
  • As an alternative to the conventional fixed appliance that uses orthodontic brackets, a simple round tube without a bonding base can be bonded to the tooth surface by covering the tube with flowable resin. In this technique, bent wires cannot be inserted into the simple tubes; therefore, repositioning of the simple tubes is often required for adjustments. To reduce repositioning of simple tubes, a dome-shaped resin covering of the simple tube can be designed with a customized in-and-out compensation, using three-dimensional computer-aided design software based on digital simulation of orthodontic tooth movement. In the present case, the use of simple tubes bonded with customized resin coverings in a Class I nonextraction case is described in a 17-year-old male, in whom moderate crowding of the anterior teeth was treated over an 8-month period. This case shows that simple tubes can be used as an alternative to brackets in some Class I nonextraction cases, with the potential benefit of reducing decalcification.