• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.1187-1196
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to assess the suitability of the statistical techniques employed in papers published in the Korean Journal of Veterinary Research from March 1997 to March 1999 and it is hoped that the critical assessment may be of help to other researchers preparing their works for publication. Of the 246 original papers 94 were included in the analysis. Of 62 papers with the measure of central location and dispersion of data 34 (54.8%) used them correctly : 9 (39.1%) of 23 for t-test ; 1 (33.3%) of 3 for correlation analysis ; 7 (43.8%) of 16 for analysis of variance (ANOVA) ; 5 (62.5%) of 8 for chi-square test ; 44 (71%) of 62 for description of p-value. A number of papers employed ANOVA did not perform subsequent analysis of multiple comparison. Compared to the results of others, relatively higher proportion of papers in the present study was evaluated as appropriate analysis. The reason is that papers described insufficiently on the study design were not included, and evaluation items were restricted to the cases violated seriously inherent assumptions for each statistical technique. Statistical misuse or abuse appeared in the study is due to lack of knowledge on statistics and short of its importance for improvement the quality of paper. Because an inappropriate analysis can lead the readers to misunderstand on findings, observed statistical analyses must be valid, and correctly undertaken. It is suggested that more intensive statistical refereeing are needed, and the communication should be allowed for the controversial points.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2013

Objectives : The objective of this study is to report the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion for the treatment of fetal breech presentation. Methods : We searched papers in PubMed, using the keywords "breech and moxibustion" and "breech and acupuncture". Search range includes randomized clinical trials(RCTs), controlled clinical trials(CCTs), case reports, and case series. Each original article must have an abstract in English. Finally, 7 RCTs from 102 were included in this review. Results : As a result of analyzing the 7 RCTs, five trials hold that moxibustion or acupuncture at BL67 has been shown to produce a positive effect for the correction of breech presentation and the other two trials indicated no beneficial effect. However, one of the latter could not come to a conclusion owing to the unsatisfactory compliance record of the participants. Conclusions : Acupuncture and moxibustion may be effective to correct fetal breech presentation. In this regard, the related clinical researches are worth to be conducted.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.262-274
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• 2010

This article investigates how to adaptively predict the time-varying metrology delay that could realistically occur in the semiconductor manufacturing practice. Metrology delays pose a great challenge for the existing run-to-run (R2R) controllers, driving the process output significantly away from target if not adequately predicted. First, the expected asymptotic double exponentially weighted moving average (DEWMA) control output, by using the EWMA and recursive least squares (RLS) prediction methods, is derived. It has been found that the relationships between the expected control output and target in both estimation methods are parallel, and six cases are addressed. Within the context of time-varying metrology delay, this paper presents a modified recursive least squares-linear trend (RLS-LT) controller, in combination with runs test. Simulated single input-single output (SISO) R2R processes subject to various time-varying metrology delay scenarios are used as a testbed to evaluate the proposed algorithms. The simulation results indicate that the modified RLS-LT controller can yield the process output more accurately on target with smaller mean squared error (MSE) than the original RLSLT controller that only deals with constant metrology delays.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.595-605
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• 2017

The present article reported the thermal buckling strength of the sandwich shell panel structure and subsequent improvement of the same by embedding shape memory alloy (SMA) fibre via a general higher-order mathematical model in conjunction with finite element method. The geometrical distortion of the panel structure due to the temperature is included using Green-Lagrange strain-displacement relations. In addition, the material nonlinearity of SMA fibre due to the elevated thermal environment also incorporated in the current analysis through the marching technique. The final form of the equilibrium equation is obtained by minimising the total potential energy functional and solved computationally with the help of an original MATLAB code. The convergence and the accuracy of the developed model are demonstrated by solving similar kind of published numerical examples including the necessary input parameter. After the necessary establishment of the newly developed numerical solution, the model is extended further to examine the effect of the different structural parameters (side-to-thickness ratios, curvature ratios, core-to-face thickness ratios, volume fractions of SMA fibre and end conditions) on the buckling strength of the SMA embedded sandwich composite shell panel including the different geometrical configurations.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2006

Effective and quick methods that are easy to carry out even by hand, or easy to be programmed by hand-held calculators are needed for assessing the sizes of contrasts of unreplicated $2^P$ factorial designs. Moreover, they have the advantage to use the original numerical measurements which makes the analysis easier to explain. Basically, Lenth (1989) is one of the most familiar of such quick and powerful methods. Later on, Aboukalam (2001) proposes under constant effects an alternative sophisticated method to Lenth's method. The proposed method is the supreme from two considerable powers. The first utmost indicates less inflation deficiency while the other utmost indicates less shrinkage deficiency. Also under constant effects, Al-Shiha (2006) introduces an alternative quick method which is less shrinkage deficiency while the inflation deficiency is the same. If effects are random, Aboukalam (2005) introduces an alternative quick method in which the first power is favored as long as the second power is within a small margin. In the spirit of quickness and fixed effects, this article adds another method which is supreme from the two considerable powers. The method is based on a one step of the scale-part of a suggested M-estimate for location. Explicitly, we suggest adapting the skipped median (ASKM) estimate. Critical values of ASKM-method, for several sample sizes often used, are empirically computed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-63
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• 2008

This article shows a case of constructing appraisal system of manuscripts based on records of korean democratization movements. This appraisal system of manuscripts not only intends to select records according to value but also realizes a strategy that maximizes efficacy of resources for record management through distinction of record management process based on value of records. After all, this strategy provides manuscript repositories a beneficial benchmarking case of appraisal system of manuscripts which are confronting with disposing problem of enormous mount of records without original order, and are intending maximization of efficacy of resources for record management through distinction of record management process based on value of records.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.102-106
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• 2008

Forensic Marking is the technology that enables the service providers (SP) to identify the illegal digital contents distributors by first inserting markings (data indicating the user information and playback time) in realtime into the digital contents at time of playback of digital contents, and then later by extracting inserted markings from the contents which are illegally captured from the multimedia device such as IPTV STBs and distributed over the Internet. Digital Rights Management (DRM), which is a very popular content protection technology, has the security hole that can be vulnerable because the encrypted digital contents are transformed into their original plaintext forms after the decrypting process on the STBs. Therefore Forensic Marking (FM) has now become a companion content protection solution to DRM. This article describes a new way of tracking up to 4 illegal content users in FM implementation using the blue-difference chroma component of YCbCr color space. This FM technology has many advantages like fast processing time and easy portability to STB devices compared to that of the traditional watermarking processing in the frequency domain.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1698-1709
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• 2016

These days, anyone can easily product and share their own content through a web service such as blogs and SNS. However, contents are being operated separately because of the space limitation in individual SNS. Therefore, it is hard to search contents efficiently in individual SNS. To solve this problem, this paper propose a "Private Contents Management and Sharing Service with Voluntary Sharing Economy System." The system is in part [Input], [Save] and it provides a way to collect the content that are scattered on the Internet based on the creation of personal index. It also proposes a more systematic content management and sharing by creating and updating the website standard index by introducing an index Coordinator concept. Furthermore in [Use] section, by providing a portion of the index as the primary search results, it avoid unclassified content list which was simply collected by users. In conclusion, unlike previous studies, this system will contribute to the acquisition and management of interspersed content and ultimately contribute to the shared activation by preventing secondary processing and unauthorized processing to the original article.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.12
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• pp.449-454
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• 2014

While the era of driverless car has come, Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork(VANET) is getting important. Original VANET has a limit that cannot use computation power, storage space of On Board Unit(OBU) installed in a vehicle efficiently. VANET cloud computing(VCC) solves the limit to focus on using abilities of each vehicle. This article proposes VCC architecture for supplementing user addition and initial cloud creation that have been researched insufficiently.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.164-167
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• 2021

According to Article 9.3 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants(Shenzhen Code), a lectotype may be selected as the nomenclatural type from the original material, if the name was published without a holotype. While reviewing the genus Scrophularia collected in Northeast Asia, we found that two species, S. alata A. Gray and S. kakudensis Franch., were still untypified. S. alata has three specimens considered as syntypes in two herbaria, Harvard University and the Smithsonian Institution. For S. kakudensis, two specimens considered as syntypes at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris were classified as normal specimens, not type specimens. Therefore, two species of Scrophularia L. namely, S. alata A. Gray and S. kakudensis Franch., are lectotypified. The lectotypes are kept in the Harvard University and the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, respectively. Furthermore, some nomenclatural issues related to these names are discussed, and the photographs of the selected lectotypes are provided.