• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.42-46
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• 2009

Every year influenza contributes to the death of 72 people in the South korea, 20,000 in the U.S. and perhaps millions worldwide. The swine fever so-called the noble flu A H1N1, a strain of the flu virus, which jumped species and burst into the human population in March and April of this year. The outbreak of 2009 novel H1N1 was the fourth in 100 years. Fortunately, it led to today's comparatively tame swine flu than the vicious 1918, which was original H1N1 pandemic flu virus, killed at least 40 million worldwide in an ongoing pandemic era. Although the 2009 H1N1 which is still in full swing, this global flu epidemic is already teaching scientists valuable lessons about pandemics. Evidence accumulated these days indicates that the 2009 H1N1 was not entirely new to all human immune systems. This article introduces only an outline for our better understanding the basic mechanisms of influenza and the vaccination about longstanding fears of that worst-case scenario engendered pandemic that are paying off today.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-31
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• 2005

Nowadays, the road safety is an important research field. One of the principal research topics in this field is the vehicle localization in the road network. This article presents an approach of multi sensor fusion able to locate a vehicle with a decimeter precision. The different informations used in this method come from the following sensors: a low cost GPS, a numeric camera, an odometer and a steer angle sensor. Taking into account a complete model of errors on GPS data (bias on position and nonwhite errors) as well as the data provided by an original approach coupling a vision algorithm with a precise numerical map allow us to get this precision.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.288-296
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• 2010

Although non-surgical endodontic procedures have high success rates, failures do occur, These can be managed by root canal re-treatment or surgical intervention. Intentional replantation is an accepted endodontic treatment procedure in which a tooth is extracted and treated outside the oral cavity and then inserted into its socket to correct an obvious radiographic or clinical endodontic failure. Intentional replantation is indicated when other endodontic treatments performed to maintain the tooth have failed, or when endodontic periradicular surgery is not feasible. Intentional replantation may be particularly useful in these cases because these difficult to access areas can be maximally treated while the tooth is out of the mouth without damaging the periodontal attachment in adjacent teeth. In conclusion, intentional replantation is a reliable and even predictable procedure, and should be considered more often as a treatment modality in our efforts to maintain the natural dentition.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2017

Purpose: The objective of the present article is to determine whether there are differences in vertical enlargement ratio among various sites within both jaws in a panoramic radiograph. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and seventy-threeimplant sites in panoramic radiographs were evaluated by two observers. Magnification ratios at various sites in both jaws were calculated and compared with each other. Result: The average vertical enlargement ratio in the panoramic radiograph was 1.264 and this value was larger than original ratio 1.250. Although vertical magnification ratio of maxillary molar area was higher than that of mandibular molar area, every group showed similar magnification ratio in clinical respect. Conclusion: Vertical magnification ratio of the maxillary molar area is statistically higher than that of the mandibular molar area in the panoramic radiograph, but it is clinically negligible.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.141-156
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• 2002

This article deals with the multiple alternative proposal of Venture Business policy. when Decision makers meet a very complex and important business to take a good choice. It might not be easy that we make a decision and accept the decision as an exact result of analysis at a complication and uncertain situation. This is the reason why the original research use Statistical Survey method and Visual Decision Making Process(VDMP) to improve decision analysis method. Therefore, Our research suggests that the VDMP utilized in the strategic decision making situation as a group decision adding tool, can be applied in the development of a process vision and implementation plan. as a result, researcher describe step by step the process of VDMP

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.639-663
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• 2015

Time history dynamic structural analysis is a time consuming procedure when used for large-scale structures or iterative analysis in structural optimization. This article proposes a new methodology for approximate prediction of extremum point of the response history via wavelets. The method changes original record into a reduced record, decreasing the computational time of the analysis. This reduced record can be utilized in iterative structural dynamic analysis of optimization and hence significantly reduces the overall computational effort. Design examples are included to demonstrate the capability and efficiency of the Reduced Record Method (RRM) when utilized in optimal design of frame structures using meta-heuristic algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2001

This article deals with the multiple alternative proposal of Strategy. when Decision makers meet a very complex and important problems to take a good choice. It might not be easy that we make a decision and accept the decision as an exact result of analysis at a complication and uncertain situation. Although the decision under unpredictable state is many existence and each field is classified to support it. he can not provide exact estimations and be able to specify a result and forecasting. This is the reason why the original research use Statistical Survey method and Visual Decision Making Process(VDMP) to improve decision analysis method. Therefore, Our research suggests that the VDMP utilized in the strategic decision making situation as a group decision adding tool, can be applied in the development of a process vision and implementation plan. as a result, researcher describe step by step the process of VDMP.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.76-92
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• 1993

This paper is to propose an interpretation method of urban landscapes in Korea, which are formed and transformed in the course of modernization. As the theoretical basis, an extensive study is done to define the concepts of urban landscape; townscape in the architectonic terms, urban landscape in the cultural-geographical terms, and urban landscape in the landscape ecology are those scrutinized. As for the interpretation method, the landscape process that encompasses the spatio-temporal transformation, the causes and effects of morphogenesis, the contents and forms of landscape change are studied. The emphasis is placed on the reasons and process of the cultural change from the original landscapes toward the contemporary landscapes in the rapidly urbanizing area. With these basic concepts and interpretation method, an on-site case study of 'Inchon' that has been changed drastically since the late 19th century is done, of which results will be reported in the following article(II).

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.151-155
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• 2019

Jesogammarus (Jesogammarus) hinumensis Morino, 1993 was discovered firstly from a brackish water region in Jeju Island, Korea. To identification of the specimens we conducted both of morphological and molecular analyses. This species is characterized by having large eyes and a robust seta on the mandibular palp article 1. The morphology of this Korean specimens was well matched with the original description without variation. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI) sequences of the present specimens were also completely identical to the sequences of J. (J.) hinumensis collected from the type locality of the species. Thus, we concluded that the Jesogammarus species from Jeju Island is J.(J.) hinumensis, based on both morphological and molecular data.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.179-186
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• 2019

This article mainly concentrates on the open question whether a right self-injective ring R is necessary QF if $R/S_l$ is left Goldie. It is answered affirmatively under the condition $S_l{\subseteq}S_r$, where $S_l$ and $S_r$ denote the left socle and right socle of R respectively. And the original condition "right self-injective" can be weakened to "right CS and right P-injective". It is also proved that a semiperfect, left and right mininjective ring R is QF if $S_r{\subseteq}^{ess}$ $R_R$ and $R/S_l$ is left Goldie.