• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1993

Much attention has been given recently to solve the environmental contamination in golf courses Changing to culture practice rather than chemical practice that depends on pesticides and fertilizers is a hot issue in golf courses or grasslands. Organic soil conditioners improve soil-plant envirormental conditions rich in physical properties. In this study, measuring systems to evaluate soil conditioning effects were set up for on-site purpose. After establishing the methodology for evaluating soil conditioner effects, 2 kinds of organic conditioners were rested for examination. The systems for the methodology included a set of simulating equipment for field capacity, an impact type soil column compactor, and an infiltration-percolation system. Test results using the systems showed bulk density and infiltration rate of mixed soil were decreased at highter rates of conditioner, but total porocities were increased. Increased porocities were most capillary pore space which has a positive effect on soil water potential. The systems and methodology in this study seem to have an efficiency to measure the effects of soil conditioner on site purpose.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.55.4-56
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• 2017

Complex organic molecules (COMs) are commonly detected in star forming regions and considered important species since they are seeds of prebiotic molecules. Although COMs form in ice mantles on dust grains, they are preferentially detected in the gas phase. The origin of the gaseous COMs highly depends on the circumstance of each star forming region. Therefore, the distribution of COMs emission reflects the physical and chemical conditions of the region. We present the newly detected COMs, especially methanol emission lines toward two massive star forming regions, G19.61-0.23 and G75.78+0.34 in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 3 observations during the Cycle 2 phase. Multiple transitions of methanol are detected in both regions but show different emission morphology. The origin of the desorption (e.g. shocks or high energy photons) is discussed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.188-196
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• 2010

The Commercial space are changed gradually large scalized and complexed to introduce different culture exchanges and experience. However, the mass-complex commercial space are limited as of their complexed space composition or degree of space depth, which may become factors causing people to get tired easily. Thus, having a design strategy is important to create economical effectiveness in order to overcome these limitations and for the people to stay longer and do their consumption activities through more experiences and social interchanges. Recently, Jerde Partnership's who designed many complex commercial spaces made a commercial success by their unique design strategy to setup a new space and lead the interaction between space and people. The purpose of this study is based on Jerd's design concept to analyze Jerd Partnership's design strategy and space related structure to propose their space construction and design method for mass-complex commercial spaces. The results are as follows. (1)Jerde Partnership's causes the abundant space experience of the user through mass and space constitution to have a theme and a story. (2)They builds an excursion type line of flow system with an organic curve, and a non-daily experience by the change of the space scale and the application of various programs is enabled and guides the stay for the long time. (3)They builds the doorway of various courses and a circulation system through the open space and controls depth of the space. In addition, various events are performed in the center of such a circulation system, and this event makes a unique place.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2013

In smart era, concept of User experience has been an important issue both in academic and practical areas in recent years. Interactive space became one of the major design paradigms. For elevating the interactive effect, we need user?centered design methodology which uses the influential factors on the interactivity. As, well developed information technology made a lot of changes to various fields of our society, interactive space with the concept of HCI became a big issue in environmental design field. In this interactive space, various types of informative factors of the given space are sent using sensor and computer networking technology to the main system. So, a user's movement in the space in more than just a movement itself-user's movement now forms a important spatial structure that leads the narrative of the space. in this research, I will come up with the problems that the interactive space has right now, and analyze what the public space must have, and combine them with interactive space by HCI theory. architecture space is not the old space adapting digital technology. In order to take the role as new space paradigm. environment and technology, it has to develop technology continuously and experimental space at the same time. It must have co-evolution of architecture space field and others through organic network. by that, the evolution of space will be in the way that combines space which is responded to human emotion and user centric human friendly.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2005

The progress made by scientific development achieved the goal for making human environment convenient and functional. However, it also caused excessive expanse of artificial environment, which in turn produced undesirable segregation between human and nature. Recently we frequently see ecological space designs which try to be synchronized with nature not only in technological terms, but also in psychological terms. This paper examines various viewpoints for ecological space design. First, it studies philosophical backgrounds of ecological space design through comparative analysis between eastern and western ideas of nature. Then it classifies the types of viewpoints for ecological space design with supporting explanations from scientific proofs. Finally, it provides case analyses for each of these views. This research aims at proving the value of ecological space design so that it can guide future direction of space design toward reestablishing the organic relationship between human and nature.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2010

As for structural system, which constitutes his construction, there are column inside dimension and span which constitutes plane, and as for constructions for section, there are C.H and slab, and as for constructive factors for envelope, there are window and closing panel of outer wall, and as for opening, there are punching window and wave window. With these constructive parts and opening of envelope, his construction composes volume and mass. The relation of structure and modulor which are shown in his later construction can be divided in two cases that modulor is directly and indirectly adapted for rate and measure calculation of the constructive body. As for indirectly adapted case, we can find it form most of his later construction, it is living place in which human beings life is, and it is adapted mainly for small space. In his construction, he tried to tell human scale and sense of musical rhythm through modulor. In other words, he played sense of space and musical scale by adapting regular and repetitive modulor of opening, and in small space for daily life, he made the size of space into the space which human can perceive. And, if we interpret mudulor in modern meaning, it is an establishment of radius of human act. And, we can make organic and harmonic design of space if we use modulor as origin of human centered measurement calculation, and if we adapt space after dividing by use.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2012

In Ubiquitous era. architecture is not the old building adapting ubiquitous technology. In order to take the role as new architectural paradigm in space, environment and technology, it has to develop technology continuously and experimental architecture at the same time. it must have co-evolution of architectural field and others through organic network. by that, the evolution of space will be in the way that combines space which is responded to human emotion and user-centric human-friendly. It will be the new paradigm of Ubiquitous digital space. Digital technology resulted in a change to a society as well as to the life of human and its way of thinking. Due to those changes, new terms or concepts come out and a new meaning is added to the conventional concepts. This aims to examine type of spatial contexts for interaction design experience. This study is performed through Literature research for theory by interactive space and case studies for construction elements to design. The range of case study is limited to interaction space in addition of interactive elements and user interface. And analysis conclusion is show the many type, First, Interactive space has special purpose for make a interaction by intelligent elements.(sensor, program, algorithm, New-technology) Second, Interactive space was cooperation with various professional for space purpose. Third. Interactive space is self-develop by algorithm, program, sensor network and that is harmonize with user. finally. Interaction space is show the temper elements about allness, metastatic, activeness, liquidity, relationship. That was written by ecological theory.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 유기인 화합물인 Paraoxon의 분해를 위하여 재조합 대장균에서 세포내 간극(periplasmic space)으로 분비되는 organophosphorus hydrolase(OPH)의 생산에 대하여 고찰하였다. OPH 생산의 향상을 위하여 성장 배지에 첨가되는 최적의 조건은 1.0 mM isopropyl-${\beta}$-D-thiogalactopytanoside (IPTG), 0.25 mM $Co^{2+}$ 및 0.1 mM ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA) 이었다. 이 조건에서 최대OPH 생산은 $174Unit/L{\cdot}OD$를 나타내었다. 또한 1 mM의 Paraoxon은 OPH에 의하여 완전히 분해되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 토양 및 수계에 잔류하는 환경독성 유기인 화합물을 제거하는 bioremediation의 수수단으로 활용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 휘발성 유기 화합물의 촉매연소에 의한 제거 반응에 대하여 조사 하였다. 촉매와 VOC의 접촉형태(공간속도 및 촉매층의 높이)에 따라 완전연소온도가 조금씩 달라지며 공간속도(SV)는 처리가스의 유량(Q, $m^3/hr$)을 촉매 층의 부피(V,$m^3$)로 나눈 값(SV=Q/V)을 나타내는 값으로, 촉매연소 장치에서는 보통 $10,000{\sim}50,000hr^{-1}$을 유지한다 열교환기를 통한 VOC는 수소염 이온화 검출기를 통하여 농도를 측정하였으며 반응온도는 373K-423K에서 촉매를 활성화 시켜 VOC 농도의 제거효율을 측정하였다. 농도측정은 100회 이상하여 제거효율을 조사 하였다. 자동차 도장시설에서 VOC 배출농도는 63.37 ppm 이며 373K 촉매 활성시 제거율은 평균 70% 이며 423K 촉매 활성시 제거효율은 78.92% 이었다. 반응농도가 증가할수록 제거효율은 증가하는 경향이었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2013

유기성 폐기물은 더 이상 처리대상이 아닌 자원이며 이러한 자원화 방법 중의 하나인 퇴비화는 자원의 재활용적인 측면에서 가장 친환경적인 방법이라 할 수 있다. 퇴비화는 그 방법에 상관없이 발효공정과 숙성공정이라는 핵심적인 공정 또는 과정을 거치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 유기성 폐기물을 퇴비화 처리하는 핵심장치인 기존 발효 및 숙성공정의 문제점을 파악하고 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 이동용 퇴비화 장치 개발에 관한 연구가 수행되었다. 실험에 사용된 반응용기는 회전되므로 교반 도중 이물질 등에 의해 중지되는 일이 없고, 혼합이 완벽하게 일어난다. 그리고 공기량을 조절함으로써 반응용기 내부의 온도를 균일하게 유지시킬 수 있으므로 미생물을 이용한 발효 및 숙성이 용이하다. 또한, 기존의 발효장치에 비해 경제성이 있으며 인적, 물적 관리비가 절감되고 유기성 폐기물을 이용한 퇴비제품을 대량 생산할 수 있다. 특히, 공간을 적게 차지하면서도 유기성 폐기물이 공기와 접촉하는 면적을 증대시킬 수 있게 됨과 더불어, 이동가능하게 된 퇴비화장치를 제공하는 효과가 있다.