• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2014

The crystal structure of the title compounds with both coumarin and sulfonamide moieties were examined. These two groups have very special for their pharmaceutical and medicinal properties have been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. In the title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group $P2_1/c$ with unit cell dimension a=$8.5775(4){{\AA}$, b=$24.9943(13){\AA}$ and c=$13.7319(7){\AA}$ [alpha & gamma=$90^{\circ}$ beta=$103.558(2)^{\circ}$]. In the structure The S1 atom shows a distorted tetrahedral geometry, with O1-S1-O2 [$121.08(1)^{\circ}$] and N1-S1-C5 [$105.85(1)^{\circ}$] angles deviating from ideal tetrahedral values are attributed to the Thrope-Ingold effect. The sum of bond angles around N1 ($354.9^{\circ}$) indicates that N1 is in $sp^2$ hybridization. The Pyridine ring adopts boat conformation and pyran rings adopt a sofa conformation. Crystal structure is stabilized by C-H...O intra molecular hydrogen bond interactions.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25호
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• pp.236-244
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• 2000

The concept of the true house' is based on the balance of a person's life and nature and represents the life in which lies an organic harmony between environment and ecology. However, humans have always been in a position of dominance over nature and with their developments have brought on much destruction and corruption to the ecosystem. With this, the position of the true house has intensified and the ecological approach of architecture has started to come into consideration as its alternative plan. Accordingly, it is essential to reconstruct and take on a new perspective of nature. The conversion to a more Oriental approach, which dwells in the adaptation and harmony of nature, is especially sufficient to the ecological aspect of architecture. From this we can realize that the ecological approach is none other than a modern interpretation of what our ancestors have lived by. In other words, an architectural concept deriving from the adaptation of climate, season, and nature-the coexistence of man and nature. From an ecological point of view, the idea of favoring nature in the traditional house can be found in the inclination of being one with nature by adapting to its geographical and preferable climate conditions. This results in the use of natural energy, the use of natural resources, the organic connection between the inner and outer natural space, and the application of nature itself. By approaching these elements from a modern point of view and applying it to the current time, we can open up the door to a more lasting human-environment based ecological position of architecture where our own climatic characteristics and traditions can be reflected in the pursuit of harmony between man and nature.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2007

고분자 합성물질로 제조된 팽화제를 첨가하여 음식물쓰레기를 퇴비화하였다. 합성팽화제 첨가 효과는 초기 수분함량, 톱밥 첨가와 같은 퇴비화 조건이 적절할 때는 뚜렷이 관찰할 수 없었으나 수분함량이 70%이상이거나 식종퇴비 무첨가 등의 퇴비화 조건이 좋지 않은 상태에서 나타났다. 합성팽화제 첨가에 따른 긍정적 효과는 퇴비더미의 통기성이 개량되었기 때문으로 판단된다. 또한 합성팽화제를 첨가하면 일반적인 팽화제인 톱밥의 첨가량을 50% 정도 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그렇지만 합성팽화제는 수분을 조절히는 기능이 없기 때문에 음식물쓰레기의 수분함량을 적정 수준으로 조절하기 위해서는 건조, 탈수 등의 전처리 공정이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 또 톱밥을 첨가하지 않으면 퇴비 뭉침 현상에 나타나기 때문에 합성팽화제를 투입하더라도 일정량의 톱밥 첨가는 필요하였다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.245-253
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• 1997

The methodology of the Oriental philosophy is deductive and that of the of Occidental philosophy is inductive. Therefore study on the Oriental philosophy must start from right comprehension of fundamental premise before detailed analysis. The writer studied the meaning of the cosmology which forms the basis of Sa-sang constitutional philosophy and the propriety of visceral assignment by Sa-sang constitution which forms the theoletiacal basis of Sa-sang constitutional medicine. The results are following ; 1. The cosmology of Lee jae-ma has the existent principle but don't have the side of the formative principie. 2. The cosmology of Lee jae-ma is not that searchs for the objective rule of nature but that centers around a human being by subjective understanding system. 3. The cosmology consists of four elements, that is mind(心), body(身), events(事), and nature(物). Among them mind and body means a human being, nature means the natural environment containing time and space, events means not that of nature but that of human being. 4. The mind and body as Yin-yang(陰陽) means the state which objects and self become one. 5. The mind as the Great-Absolute(太極) has the possibility of two interpretation, Firstly it means the state of the source of life which nature and human being become one, and secondly it means that the mind of a human being becomes the cosmos or the center of the cosmos. 6. In the visceral assignment by Sa-sang constitution the position of heart, the Great-Absolute in center is immanent within four viscera and the function of it is that the undifferentiated unitary organic body, after it is diffrentiated still serves as the unitary organic whole by mutual connection, adjustment, unification and supervision. 7. The Great-Absolute in center is divided into the Great-Absolute of mind and that of body. And the Great-Absolute of body consists of the heart and the system of blood vessel, that of mind means the self-consciousness(自我).

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 질소와 인을 동시에 처리할 수 있는 생물학적 처리공정의 하나인 연속 회분식 반응기(SER)를 사용하여 선박에서 발생되는 오ㆍ폐수에 대한 처리 성능을 평가하였다. 본 처리공정에서 Bacillus sp.를 이용하여 질소와 인을 동시에 제거할 수 있었다. 유기물(COD)의 변화는 유입수의 COD의 농도가 370mg/$\ell$이고 유출수에서 6.5mg/$\ell$ 제거효율이 90.5%이상으로 나타났다. 총 질소는 97%정도 제거하였고 총인은 93%정도를 처리하였다. 계면활성제(MBAS)는 93%이상 처리되어 미생물 처리에 대한 저해작용은 관찰되지 않았다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.162-172
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• 2004

Architects and designers of the 20th Century made various efforts to establish new design languages reflecting the changes of society, the times, and environment. They used furniture, especially chairs, as controversial items of aesthetic value, society and ideology. Le Corbusier and Alvar Aalto are furniture designers as well as architects, who adopted this ‘spirit of the times’ actively and have greatly contributed to modernism. This study will help us to understand the diversity of design since modernism, by comparing these two designers' furniture design. It also covers the common factors In modern furniture design, and analyses their individuality and likeness In design. The following is a comparison of furniture design by Le Corbusier and Alvar Aalto. Le Courbusier linked International design and Aalto linked Rational design and Organic concept design to their furniture, just as they did in their architecture. They were able to establish the base of modern furniture design by adapting new concepts and pursuing humanism. In structure, Le Corbusier's furniture Is simple and proportional. It demonstrates a sophisticated geometric composition, mechanical beauty. On the other hand, Aalto rationally linked nature with human requirements and his furniture is organic and in harmony with geometric structure. In function, Le Corbusier's furniture is standardized and prefabricated. He designed for the user so they could choose to use the furniture efficiently to suit their needs. In comparison with Le Corbusier, Aalto Invented the ‘Stacking Chair’ which allows a more effective use of space and reflected the structure of the human body to improve the user's comfort. In materials and techniques, Le Corbusier used new materials like metal or leather, and attempted new ways such as welding, prefabrication, and standardization for production. On the contrary, Alto mainly used birch, which is the traditional material in Finland, and tried new bent wood techniques and joining methods.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2016

As the paradigm which emphasizes nurturing creative elites is introduced, more attention has been paid to children playing and their creativity. This change means that the importance of creativity is emphasized in the education of children, and furthermore, playgrounds which focus on creativity and imagination are needed. Therefore, this study examines the spatial characteristics of playgrounds for children and suggested strategies to improve them. There are five spatial characteristics of a creative playground: aesthetics, being eco-friendly, exploration, challenging and variable. Through the five characteristics, playgrounds were analysed based on ten expressive elements and the results are summarized: Creative playgrounds for children should have an attractive design with sculptural elements which stimulate children to be excited through associable shapes and abstract colors. Second, shelter type structures and a flexible flow design are needed so that children can feel free and be encouraged to explore in diverse ways. Third, as playgrounds for children provide spaces for rest in addition to play, organic facilities and eco-friendly materials for the rest space should to be used. Fourth, as childhood is a period when emotional, cognitive and physical development are achieved, organic geographical features and atypical facilities should be provided so that children can acquire extensive skills and join in physical activities. Finally, creative playgrounds for children should have mobile or variable facilities which consider the characteristics of children who want to do diverse activities and play different games. This study analysed playgrounds for children and suggested strategies to improve them. For successful design and use of creative playgrounds, it is suggested that intensive research on them and consultation with experts should be considered.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.749-758
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• 2004

Nitrous oxide ($N_2$O) has been known as an important trace gas due to the greenhouse gas and the major source of stratospheric oxide of nitrogen (NO). Soil is the major source of $N_2$O in nature. The physicochemical characteristics of soils affect the emission of $N_2$O from soil. These physicochemical parameters are soil moisture, soil temperature, and soil N content. Since these parameters are correlated to the flux of $N_2$O from soil individually and compositely, there still remain many unknowns in the mechanism to produce $N_2$O in soil and the roles of such physicochemical parameters which affect the soil $N_2$O emission. Soil $N_2$O fluxes were measured at different levels in water filled pore space (WFPS), soil temperature and soil N contents from the same amounts of soils which were sampled from agriculturally managed upland field in a depth of ～30 cm at Kunsan. The soil $N_2$O flux measurements were conducted in a laboratory with a closed flux chamber system. The optimum soil moisture and soil temperature were observed at 60% of WFPS and ～13$^{\circ}C$. The soil $N_2$O flux increased as soil N contents increases during the whole experimental hours (up to 48 hours). However, average $N_2$O flux decreased after ～30 hours when organic carbon was mixed with nitrogen in the sample soils. It is suggested that organic carbon could be important for the emission of $N_2$O, and that the ratio of N to C needs to be identified in the process of $N_2$O soil emission.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.561-571
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• 2013

1984년 프랑스 Soultz-sous-For$\hat{e}$ts 지역에서 시작된 Soultz 프로젝트는 2007년 11월에 1.5 MW급 Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) binary 발전 설비가 완성되기까지 20여년에 걸쳐 인공 지열저류층 생성기술(EGS; Enhaced Geothermal System) 개발을 위한 다양한 실험과 연구가 이루어져, 그 축적된 기술은 호주의 Cooper basin, 독일의 Landau, Insheim 등의 지열발전 프로젝트에 활용되고 있다. 우리나라의 포항에서도 현재 지열발전 프로젝트가 진행되고 있는 시점에서 이 보고에서는 지열저류층 생성 측면에서 Soultz에서의 경험을 살펴보았다. 포항의 경우, 지질학적인 측면에서 Soultz의 환경과 유사한 부분이 많으며 따라서, Soultz에서의 경험과 know-how를 잘 연구하고 개선하여 적용한다면 불필요한 시행착오나 시간적, 경제적인 낭비요소를 배제할 수 있을 것이며, 이 보고가 그에 보탬이 되기를 기대한다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.307-326
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• 2009

The present study suggests a concept of resources circulation type agriculture and a concept of a livestock zone related to it and evaluated economical efficiency about a possibility of the resources circulation type livestock zone based on the concept. As a result, when the resources circulation type livestock zone is operated in an area of 1,300ha, it was evaluated that the profit of 11,244 hundred thousand won per year is generated, compared to the conventional agriculture. When light and heat expenses and roughage of Hanwoo production, production of TMR forage as well as income of the energy and composting business of livestock manure at the recycling center were considered in addition to that, it was judged that the present zone development bushiness has enough business feasibility. However, it is necessary that the support regulations, etc. is constructed so that all produced compost byproducts are used at farmhouses and the system related to facility investment assurance and assistance of operating expenses is maintained. It is thought that the complement of a system is also necessary so that energy or power generation expenses can be operated in the same conditions as other new & renewable energy, and the nation's purchase of carbon credits(CDM) is investigated and systemized in the early period, and construction of a revitalization plan of the business through budget securing of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry related to the trade of CDM and carbon emission rights is also a business that should be urgently developed. In the future, the change of an outside environment will further promote use of the energy. Also, as people, who don't know agriculture. farm village, increase day by day because of population concentration in a city, an opportunity that can new added value through experience tourism or educational programs utilizing them is increasing. Accordingly, if programs utilizing social characteristics, such as utilization as a space of tourism. leisure. experience, system construction of bio-energy and system construction that Micro Grid or Smart Grid as a dispersed storage and generation system is stabilized, are constructed, it can be said that revitalization or success conditions of the zone is further achieved.