• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2008

이식을 위해서는 수여자와 공여자의 혈액형과 HLA type을 알아야 한다. 통상 ABO 혈액형이 적합한 경우 이식할 수 있으며 HLA 부적합은 근래 큰 문제가 되지 않으나 HLA 부적합이 없는 경우 이식장기의 장기생존률이 높다. PRA(panel reactive antibody)는 수여자가 HLA에 감작되었는지 검사하는 방법이며 이식 전에는 반드시 교차반응 검사를 하여 음성인 경우에만 이식을 진행한다. 이식 전후에 donor specific antibody(DSA)를 검사하여 이식장기에 대한 수여자의 면역반응을 예측 할 수 있다. 근래에는 스테로이드, calcineurin inhibitor(cyclosporine, tacrolimus), azathioprine 또는 mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)의 삼제요법을 주로 사용하며 항림프구 항체 (Thymoglobulin 또는 항IL-2 receptor 항체 basiliximab/daclizumab)을 이용하여 이식 초기에 면역억제상태를 induction하는 경우도 많다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2020

Objectives: It was aimed to investigate the basic action mechanism of the autoimmune diseases and common features of all diseases. Autoimmune disease are classified organ specific and systemic. Methods: These diseases are seen systemic and disease start locations, origins seem differently. This makes learning and understanding difficult. Autoimmune diseases investigated for easier understanding. It was noticed that, autoimmune diseases' starting places are specific and same all of them. This remarkable point is very important for acupuncture also. So; whole literatüre was researched and important point was found. Results: Whole autoimmune diseases are attack to mesodermal layers and mesodermal origin organs of the body's. The common property of all these disease are same; Diseases start from the mesoderm and mesodermal layer even though their organ origins' belongs to different germ layer. From this point of view, we were able to classify autoimmune diseases simply and it was planned how can we effect body in this context with acupuncture. Conclusion: And, when immunity comes into question, induction of adaptive immunity is depend on antigen presentation to T cells and this situation take place in the lymph node (LN) and also in the skin.When we sank the acupuncture needle into skin, signals create and start mesodermal contacts, during this time mesenchymal origin' autoimmune cells are regulated with this signals.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.35.1-35.13
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• 2022

Background: The testis has been reported to be a naturally O2-deprived organ, dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG) can inhibit hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) subject to degradation under normal oxygen condition in cells. Objectives: The objective of this study is to detect the effects of DMOG on the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in Bama minipigs. Methods: Gradient concentrations of DMOG were added into the culture medium, HIF-1α protein in SSCs was detected by western blot analysis, the relative transcription levels of the SSC-specific genes were analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Six days post-induction, the genes related to spermatogenesis were detected by qRT-PCR, and the DNA content was determined by flow cytometry. Results: Results revealed that the levels of HIF-1α protein increased in SSCs with the DMOG treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The relative transcription levels of SSC-specific genes were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) by activating HIF-1α expression. The induction results showed that DMOG significantly increased (p < 0.05) the spermatogenesis capability of SSCs, and the populations of haploid cells significantly increased (p < 0.05) in DMOG-treated SSCs when compared to those in DMOG-untreated SSCs. Conclusion: We demonstrate that DMOG can promote the spermatogenesis activity of SSCs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.643-649
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• 2021

Literature has revealed that the delta opioid receptor (DOR) exhibited diverse pharmacological effects on neuron and skin. In the present study, we have investigated whether the activation of DOR has hair-growth promotion effects. Compared with other opioid receptor, DOR was highly expressed in epidermal component of hair follicle in human and rodents. The expression of DOR was high in the anagen phase, but it was low in the catagen and telogen phases during mouse hair cycle. Topical application of UFP-512, a specific DOR agonist, significantly accelerated the induction of the anagen in C₃H mice. Topical application of UFP-512 also increased the hair length in hair organ cultures and promoted the proliferation and the migration of outer root sheath (ORS) cells. Similarly, pharmacological inhibition of DOR by naltrindole significantly inhibited the anagen transition process and decreased hair length in hair organ cultures. Thus, we further examined whether Wnt/β-catenin pathway was related to the effects of DOR on hair growth. We found that Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated by UFP-512 and siRNA for β-catenin attenuated the UFP-512 induced proliferation and migration of ORS cells. Collectively, result established that DOR was involved in hair cycle regulation, and that DOR agonists such as UFP-512 should be developed for novel hair-loss treatment.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.108-117
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• 1999

Hepatic tumorigenesis was induced by ad libitum feeding of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) only. We could also observe hepatic tumor induction in 100% of DEN treated rats without any other cocarcinogen. The liver specific enzyme activities (AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}$-GTP) were significantly increased (P<0.05) in all treated groups compared to control and induced apoptosis groups. In histopathological analysis, the altered foci, hyperplastic nodules, neoplastic nodules, adenomas and carcinomas were observed in liver tumors induced by administration of DEN in rats. Lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis in D-galactosamine sensitized mice was investigated in hepatocytes in vivo. Typical morphological changes of apoptosis were detectable in liver 12 hr and 24 hr after the injection of Lipopolysaccharide (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$) and D-galactosamine (20 mg) to mice. It was suggested that organ specific enzyme activities and morphological findings might be very useful for understanding the role of hepatic tumorigenesis including the apoptotic cell death.

• International Journal of Molecular Medicine
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.2230-2240
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• 2019

Hair follicles (HFs) are a well-characterized niche for adult stem cells (SCs), and include epithelial and melanocytic SCs. HF cells are an accessible source of multipotent adult SCs for the generation of the interfollicular epidermis, HF structures and sebaceous glands in addition to the reconstitution of novel HFs in vivo. In the present study, it was demonstrated that HF cells are able to be induced to differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells in vitro under specific conditions. It was determined that HF cells cultured on OP9 feeder cells in KnockOut-Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/B27 in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factors differentiated into cardiomyocyte-like cells that express markers specific to cardiac lineage, but do not express non-cardiac lineage markers including neural stem/progenitor cell, HF bulge cells or undifferentiated spermatogonia markers. These cardiomyocyte-like cells exhibited a spindle- and filament-shaped morphology similar to that presented by cardiac muscles and exhibited spontaneous beating that persisted for over 3 months. These results demonstrate that SC reprogramming and differentiation may be induced without resulting in any genetic modification, which is important for the clinical applications of SCs including tissue and organ regeneration.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2015

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a mammalian $NAD^+$-dependent protein deacetylase that regulates cellular metabolism and inflammatory response. The organ-specific deletion of SIRT1 induces local inflammation and insulin resistance in dietary and genetic obesity. Macrophage-mediated inflammation contributes to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, however, the macrophage-specific SIRT1 function in the context of obesity is largely unknown. C57/BL6 wild type (WT) or myeloid-specific SIRT1 knockout (KO) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal diet (ND) for 12 weeks. Metabolic parameters and markers of hepatic steatosis and inflammation in liver were compared in WT and KO mice. SIRT1 deletion enhanced HFD-induced changes on body and liver weight gain, and increased glucose and insulin resistance. In liver, SIRT1 deletion increased the acetylation, and enhanced HFD-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$), hepatic inflammation and macrophage infiltration. HFD-fed KO mice showed severe hepatic steatosis by activating lipogenic pathway through sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), and hepatic fibrogenesis, as indicated by induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), alpha-smooth muscle actin (${\alpha}$-SMA), and collagen secretion. Myeloid-specific deletion of SIRT1 stimulates obesity-induced inflammation and increases the risk of hepatic fibrosis. Targeted induction of macrophage SIRT1 may be a good therapy for alleviating inflammation-associated metabolic syndrome.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권3호통권86호
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• pp.354-360
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• 1998

여름 느타리 Pleurotus sajor-caju로부터 Chitin synthase(CHS) gene 특이 primer를 이용한 PCR을 통해 3개의 DNA 단편을 분리하여 cloning하였다. 분리된 DNA 단편들을 기존에 보고된 CHS 유전자들과의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 이들 DNA 단편들 3개가 모두 CHS 유전자의 단편임을 확인하였고, 또한 이들은 각각 서로 다른 종류의 CHS 유전자들임을 알 수 있었다. 한편, RT-PCR 방법을 이용하여 분리된 유전자의 발현 실험을 실시해본 결과, 이들중 하나인 PsCHS3 유전자는 갓과 균사에서만 발현되는 기관특이 발현 특성을 보였으며, 또한 이 유전자는 상처 처리에 의해 그 발현이 증가되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 실험결과로 볼 때 p. sajor-caju의 경우, 다른 균류들의 경우처럼 다양한 기능을 가진 여러 종류(최소 3종류)의 CHS 유전자를 보유하고 있으며, 이들 각각은 다른 기관, 또는 다른 생육 단계에 작용하고 있을 것으로 생각되고, 특히 병 방어 기작에도 관여할 것으로 추측되어진다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2007

한국형 잔디에 있어 병원성 (라지 팻치) 감염이 산화적 스트레스의 발현에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 라지 팻치에 감염된 잔디의 생육, 뿌리 건사율, 과산화수소 농도 및 지질과산화 정도를 감염이되지 않은 대조구와 비교하였다. 처리 후 6일 동안 이틀간격으로 잎과 뿌리 시료에 대해 각각 분석하였다. 라지 팻치에 감염된 잔디 뿌리의 건사율은 대조구에 비해 약 30% 증가하였다. 건물 함량은 4일째까지는 유의적인 차이가 없었으며 6일차에서만 라지 팻치 감염에 따라 잎에서 14% 뿌리에서 20% 각각 감소하였다. 과산화수소의 농도는 라지 팻치에 감염된 잎에서 초기 2일 동안 약 28%의 높은 증가를 하였다가 이후 서서히 감소하여 6일차에는 대조구에 비교하여 11% 낮은 수준이었다. 뿌리에서는 감염에 따른 과산화수소의 증가가 뚜렷하여 6일차에는 대조구에 비해 약 1.7배 높았다. 지질과산화 정도는 잎의 경우, 라지 팻치 감염에 따라 초기 4일간 지속적으로 증가하다가 이후 정체하였으며 뿌리에서는 초기 2일간의 증가가 뚜렷하였다. 이러한 결과들은 잔디에 있어 라지 팻치 감염은 산화적 스트레스를 유도하며, 잎과 뿌리 조직간에 산화적 스트레스 발현정도 및 역동성은 차이가 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.252-261
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• 2003

보리, 밀 품종의 조숙화와 온난한 겨울로 인하여 봄에 나타나는 저온장해가 최근에 자주 발생하는데 생육재생기 이후 발생하는 저온장해의 양상, 발생시기 및 증상을 구명하고자 자연조건과 저온항온기 그리고 포장의 비닐 피복을 이용한 저온처리시험을 실시한 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 1. 저온장해중 줄기 고사는 -2.4∼$-10.2^{\circ}C$, 퇴화, 백수, 탈색등은 -2.4∼$-8.6^{\circ}C$,불임은 -1.3∼$-7.6^{\circ}C$의 저온에서 6-39시간 지속될 때 발생하였는데 특히 자연포장에서 많이 나타나는 저온장해는 불임과 퇴화로, 이의 유발온도는 -2.5∼$-3.0^{\circ}C$였다. 2. 보리, 밀 모두 수잉기에 불임이 많이 발생하였고 출수기, 영화분화기, 화기발육기 순으로 발생정도에 차이를 보였다 백수는 출수 전후 10일에 주로 발생하였으며 발생정도는 출수후 10일＞출수기＞수잉기 순이었다. 3. 유수퇴화는 출수기에 가장 많이 발생한 것으로 나타났고 수잉기, 화기발육기에도 많이 발생하였다. 부분희화도 수잉기에 많이 발생하였다. 포장에서는 영화분화기의 개체들에서도 많이 발생하였다. 4. 망 탈색은 주로 밀에서 발생하였는데 수잉기에 일부 발생하긴 했으나 출수기의 식물체에서 대부분이 발생하여 출수기에 주로 나타나는 장해라 할 수 있었다. 식물체 고사는 전 생육기에 걸쳐 발생하였고 가장 심한 피해는 출수기＞수잉 ＞영화분화기＞화기 발육기 순으로 발생한 것으로 나타났다. 5. 저온장해 발생지표로 유수장, 제1절간장, 지엽-이삭간 거리가 유용하였다. 유수장이 밀에서는 망 탈색시 9.0-9.8cm, 이삭 탈색시 7.5cm, 백수발생시 5.7-9.4cm, 이삭 퇴화시 0.2-9.2cm, 줄기고사시 0.3-3.8cm로 나타났고 보리에서는 백수발생시 평균 3.4-7.0cm, 부분퇴화가 4.2-5.2cm, 퇴화가 0.4-5.4cm, 줄기 고사가 0.4-0.6cm로 차이를 보였다. 제1절간장은 보리, 밀 각각 0.3-8.4cm, 0.2-24.2cm로 신장정도에서 저온에 따른 변이를 보였고, 지엽-이삭간 거리도 보리 -2.5∼-7.4cm, 밀 -0.6-11.5cm로 신장정도에 차이가 컸다.