• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.193-200
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to determine if natural extracts could be used as an additive in oral health food made with Weissella cibaria CMU (oraCMU). Natural extracts of green tea, mulberry leaf, licorice, and propolis, which are reported to have antimicrobial activities, were selected and used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of extracts on periodontal pathogens such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis and their synergy effects with oraCMU by the fractional inhibitory concentrations methods were measured. From the results obtained, all the extracts showed no effect on the growth of oraCMU. Green tea extract showed the best antibacterial activity with MIC of 1.8 mg/ml against both F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis. In addition, green tea extract had a synergistic effect with oraCMU against F. nucleatum. Therefore, these results suggested that green tea extract is available as an additive in oral health food made with oraCMU.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2014

Streptococci are among the normal human microflora that populate the oral cavity. However, oral streptococci are known as a major causative agent for dental caries and bacterial endocarditis. Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is used for oral infections but two mechanisms of tetracycline resistance in streptococci have been reported. The tet(K) and tet(L) genes in these bacteria are related to the active efflux of tetracycline, whereas tet(M) and tet(O) confer ribosomal protection from this antibiotic. It has been reported that the tetracycline resistance of streptococci is related mainly to the activity of tet(M) and tet(O). In our present study, we examined the prevalence of tet(M) and tet(O) in oral streptococci isolated from Korean dental plaques using PCR. One hundred and forty eight of 635 isolates (23.3%) were tetracycline resistant; 68 of these strains (46%) harbored tet(M) and 3 strains (2%) were positive for tet(O). However, tet(M) and tet(O) did not co-exist in any of the resistant strains. Seventy seven of the 148 tetracycline resistant strains (52%) were negative for both the tet(M) and tet(O) genes.

• The Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Lycorine, a natural alkaloid extracted from the Amaryllidaceae plant family, was reported to various physiological and pharmacological effects including anti-cancer activity. Nevertheless, there is no report of the anticancer effect of lycorine in oral cancer cells. The effects of lycorine on cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined through trypan blue exclusion assay, 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) stain, Live/Dead assay, Western blot analysis and RT-PCR. Lycorine suppressed cell viability and induced apoptosis in MC3 and HSC-3 cell lines. Lycorine decreased survivin protein but did not affect its mRNA. It regulated survivin through accelerating protein degradation in a time-dependent manner although neither proteasome nor lysosome was not associated with lycorine-mediated protein degradation. Collectively, our results suggest that lycorine may be a potential therapeutic anti-cancer drug candidate for the treatment of human oral cancer.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.10
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• pp.112-144
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• 2004

Oral history has value that steps over the class consciousness and party feeling that records have, and enables a general representation of a human experience. Beside, It must be managed urgently because a collection of oral history has unique and limited. However, domestic related institution do not keep management for release and use of oral history in their mind are only concentrating on accession. Lately, National History Compilation Committee passes through faithful planning procedures and is collecting an oral history collection project. A merit of this project is to have attempted an image photographing. This study is propose that to examines over the all steps to say oral history collection activity to information service and a preservation from collection planning of organization. However, this study is insufficient in the management method how it is connected if does in order to manage the oral history which is collected with a part of a record in a archival institution because this study was only for the purpose of management of oral history. This problem will be studied through a process of checking the real thing of oral history. This study proposed general methodology for oral history management, if institution had a plan of collection and management or had some collection result.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.423-432
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• 2017

This study aimed to investigate the effect of repeated oral health education on the oral health of preschool children. This study classified the control group of children of 5~6 years of age where the oral health education was conducted one time, and the experiment group where the oral health education was conducted 4 times. The oral health conditions of each group and their risk of developing dental caries were also assessed. No significant difference was observed in the participants in terms of general characteristics, oral health conditions, risk of developing dental caries, and oral health behavior after oral health education. The two groups did not show a significant difference (p<0.001) in dental plaque index before and after oral health education, and showed a significant difference (p<0.001) according to the number of education sessions. Before oral health education, the participants in both groups were brushing their teeth incorrectly. However, after the third session, 56.7% of the participants in the experimental group and 9.4% in the control group used the correct method of tooth brushing. A significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.05). In addition, when the tooth-brushing time was compared, the two groups showed a significant difference (p<0.001), and a significant difference was observed in terms of the number of education sessions (p<0.05). In summary, repeated oral health education had significant influences on the dental plaque index, tooth-brushing method, brushing occlusal surfaces, and tooth-brushing time. Therefore, when oral health education is carried out, repeated oral health education in children is more effective than one-time oral health education as reflected in the changes in dental plaque index and oral health behavior. Moreover, oral health education is considered effective in changing the oral health behavior of children when conducted at least 3 times.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.207-213
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• 2014

Purpose: The study was aimed at investigating changes in periodontal parameters and superoxide dismutase activity triggered by root surface debridement with and without micronutrient supplementation in postmenopausal women. Methods: Forty-three postmenopausal chronic periodontitis patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=22) were provided periodontal treatment in the form of scaling and root planing (SRP) and group 2 (n=21) patients received SRP along with systemic administration of micronutrient antioxidants. Patients in both groups were subjected to root surface debridement. Group 2 patients also received adjunctive micronutrient antioxidant supplementation. Serum and salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity along with periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 3 months after therapy. Results: Salivary and serum SOD values significantly (P<0.05) improved with periodontal treatment. Improvement in systemic enzymatic antioxidant status along with reduction in gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing (%) sites was significantly greater in group 2 as compared to group 1. Conclusions: Adjunctive micronutrient supplements reduce periodontal inflammation and improve the status of systemic enzymatic antioxidants in postmenopausal women.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2009

The immunomodulatory activities of the ethanol extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, termed hereafter as GPE, were examined in immunosuppressed mice as well as in normal mice in the present study. Oral administration of GPE into mice prevented dexamethasone (DEX)-induced immunosuppression as determined by the mitogen-induced proliferation of the splenocytes and the the cytokine production (TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$) in the whole blood culture. In addition, oral administration of GPE increased antitumor host defense in mice implanted with sarcoma-180 tumor cells. The immunoaugmenting activity of orally administered GPE was also confirmed in mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA). Mice that were orally administered with GPE generated much more potent OVA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses upon intravenous OVA injection compared to the untreated controls. These results demonstrate that oral administration of the ethanol extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum could be useful to increase host defense in immunocompromised situations such as stress- or tumor-induced immunosuppression.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.117-121
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• 2006

Ability of pectic polysaccharides isolated from Eleutherococcus senticosus EN-3 to inhibit tumor metastasis and induce antigen-specific immune response after oral administration in mice was assessed. Consecutive oral administration of EN-3 before tumor inoculation dramatically inhibited tumor metastasis produced by colon26-M3.1 and B16-BL6 cells. When Peyer's patch cells isolated from mouse intestine were co-cultured with EN-3, proliferation of Peyer's patch cells was induced. Mice co-administered with EN-3 and ovalbumin (OVA) showed significantly higher production of OVA-specific IgA in intestinal washing as well as IgG in serum than those administered with OVA alone. Payer's patch cells of mice immunized with OVA plus EN-3 showed much higher proliferating activity than those of mice immunized with OVA alone. Proliferating activity increased dose-dependently, indicating EN-3 specifically enhanced mucosal immune response to OVA. These results suggested EN-3 could significantly stimulate Peyer's patch cells either non-specifically or antigen-specifically, possibly playing important role in enhancement of mucosal and systemic immune systems.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.183-192
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• 1997

Pressure pain thresholds are routinely used in orofacial pain research to evaluate the response of deep orofacial tissues to mechanical stimulation. Like other psychophysical measurements, however, this technique must stimulate cutaneous tissues before stimulating deeper tissues. This study aimed at evaluating the influence of the cutaneous hypoesthesia on the pressure pain threshold in 30 healthy volunteers. PPTs were determined with electric pressure algometry over masseter, temporalis anterior, sternocleidomastoid, and trapezius muscle before and after skin hypoesthesia. A local anesthetic cream and a control cream were applied following a placebo-controlled double-blind design and PPTs were reassessed. Two examiners measured PPTs two times on each muscles, randomly. And the EMG activity of all muscles were measured to evaluate the relationship with PPTs. The collected data were processed by SAS/STAT program. The obtained results were as follows : 1. There were a tendency to increase PPTs after than before cutaneous hypoesthesia, but, there were no significant difference statistically. 2. PPTs were consistently higher in anterior temporalis than in masseter muscle. 3. In all occasions, PPTs were higher in males than in females(p<0.001). 4. A statistically significant correlation was obtained from values of intra-examiners and inter-examiners in all measured muscles. 5. A significantly positive correlation was not found between PPT and functional EMG activity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.156-161
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• 2006

The essential oil of Nardostachys jatamansi (Valerianaceae), which has been used for a long time in aroma therapy, was investigated after inhalation or oral administration for its analgesic effect, anticonvulsant action, hypnotic effect and in vitro inhibitory activity on monoamine oxidase. This fragrance oil showed a significant analgesic effect in the phenylquinone-induced .writhing test, suppressed the convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazole and lengthened the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in a time-dependent manner after fragrance inhalation or dose-independently by oral administration. Its inhibitory activity on monoamine oxidase was remarkable, showing $49.4\%$ inhibition at a concentration of 5.0 mg/ml. Six new terpenes with seven known compounds were detected by our GC-MS analytical conditions used. As a result, the essential oil fragrance of Nardostachys jatamansi would be clinically useful for a sedative by either inhalation or oral administration.