• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1784-1788
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• 2011

전형적인 마이크로 RNA는 주로 해당 마이크로RNA의 호스트 유전자와 동시에 발현하는 형상을 보인다. 마이크로RNA miR-7b와 그 호스트 유전자인 FICT는 유전자 발현 조절부위인 프로모터를 함께 공유할 것으로 추정되며, 이는 이 유전자들의 뇌 특이적인 발현 양상에 기여할 것으로 추정된다. 바이오인포메틱 방법을 이용하여 사람과 마우스의 miR-7혹은 miR-7b의 프로모터 부위가 상호 유사성을 가짐을 확인하였고, 이 부위에 다양한 전자조절 부위가 있는 것을 확인 하였다. 또한 이 가설을 증명하기 위하여 형광발현 리포터 유전자 시스템을 사용하여 형광발현 벡터에 마이크로 RNA miR-7b와 그 호스트 유전자인 FICT의 5' 전부위를 클로링하여 프로모터의 활성정도를 다양한 세포주에서 확인하였다. 이 결과를 통하여 마이크로 RNA와 그 호스트 유전자인 FICT의 프로모터에는 네거티브 유전자 조절인자를 포함하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.416-418
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• 2009

번데기동충하초의 간독성 회복 효과를 HaM/ICR 계열의 흰쥐를 이용하여 검정하였다. 벤조피렌 복강주사시, 혈중의 aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 및 alanine aminotransferase (ALT)의 효소활성과 간조직의 lipid peroxide (LPO) 농도는 대조군과 비교시 급격히 증가하여 간독성을 유발하였다. 그러나, 벤조피렌 대조군과 비교시, 번데기 동충하초 배양액의 경구 투여시 AST와 ALT의 효소활성 및 LPO 농도는 감소하였으며, 벤조피렌에 유도된 간 조직의 glutathione 농도 및 glutathione S-transferase 효소활성은 증가하여 간독성을 회복하였다. 실험결과는 번데기 동충하초 균사체 배양액이 벤조피렌 유발 간독성에 대해 회복 효과가 있음을 보여준다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2002

A large number of factors such as osteotropic hormones, cytokines, or growth factors are related to the bone remodeling which is characterized by the coupling of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Recent investigations have indicated that cytokines such as $interleukin-1{\beta}\;(IL-1{\beta})$ and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;(TNF-{\alpha})$ play a potential role in the bone resorption associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as inflammatory osteolytic disease. Collagen is the most abundant protein of the extracellular matrix of bone, and the participation of collagenase in bone resorption has been widely investigated. In this study, effects of $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ on the release of collagenase from osteoblastic cells were measured. The gelatinase activity was also measured by gel substrate analysis (zymography) after electrophoresis of conditioned media of osteoblastic cell culture. $IL-1{\beta}$ increased the collagenase activity in ROS17/2.8 and HOS cell culture. $TNF-{\alpha}$ also increased the collagenase activity of osteoblastic cells. When two kinds of cytokines were treated simultaneously in the culture of osteoblastic cells, synergistic increase of collagenase activity was seen in ROS17/2.8 cells. $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ significantly increased the collagenase activity after 6 hour treatment in the osteoblastic cell culture, and there was no additional increase according to the culture period. Osteoblastic cells released the gelatinase and molecular weight of this enzyme was measured about 70 KDa as assessed by zymogram. $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ showed increase of the gelatinase activity produced by ROS17/2.8 and HOS cells. Taken together, this study suggested that $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ can modulate bone metabolism, at least in part, by increased release of collagenase and gelatinase from osteoblasts.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.198-204
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• 2002

폴리오 바이러스는 전형적인 장관계 바이러스로 마비, 무균성 수막염, 뇌염 등을 유발한다. 폴리오 바이러스는 분변-구강 경로를 통해 전파되며, 오염된 물을 음용수로 사용할 시 공중 보건에 문제가 될 수 있으므로 먹는 물에서 폴리오 바이러스를 검출하는 것은 중요하다. 감염성이 있는 바이 러스와 불활성화(열처리와 자외선 처리)시킨 바이러스를 세포배양법, 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응법(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction: RT-PCR)그리고 세포배양-중합효소 연쇄반응 통합법(integrated cell culture-PCR: ICC-PCR)으로 검출 실험을 했다. 감염성이 있는 폴리오 바이러스는 세 가지 방법으로 모두 검출이 되었으며, 이 중에서 바이러스를 검출하는데 ICC-PCR 방법이 가장 민감했다. 세포배양법은 적은 수의 바이러스를 검출하는데 약 2주의 긴 시간이 걸렸다. 열처리나 자외선 처리로 불활성화된 바이 러스는 세포배양과 ICC-PCR방법으로는 검출이 되지 않았다. 자외선 처리한 바이러스는 RT-PCR 방법으로 검출되지 않았으나 열처리한 바이러스는 검출되었다. RT-PCR 방법은 감염성 바이러스뿐 아니라 불활성화된 바이러스도 검출할 수 있으므로 감염성이 있는지 없는지를 구분할 수 없는 단점이 있다. 이와 같은 결과는 감염성 있는 바이러스를 가장 민감하고 효과적으로 검출하는 방법이 ICC-PCR 방법이라는 것을 제시하여 준다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.193-204
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• 2019

Purpose: The reaction of cells to a titanium implant depends on the surface characteristics of the implant which are affected by decontamination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytocompatibility of titanium disks treated with various decontamination methods, using salivary bacterial contamination with dental pellicle formation as an in vitro model. Methods: Sand-blasted and acid-etched (SA) titanium disks were used. Three control groups (pristine SA disks [SA group]; salivary pellicle-coated SA disks [pellicle group]; and biofilm-coated, untreated SA disks [NT group]) were not subjected to any decontamination treatments. Decontamination of the biofilm-coated disks was performed by 14 methods, including ultrasonic instruments, rotating instruments, an air-powder abrasive system, a laser, and chemical agents. MG63 cells were cultured in the presence of the treated disks. Cell proliferation assays were performed on days 2 and 5 of cell culture, and cell morphology was analyzed by immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) assay was performed on day 5 of culture. Results: The cell proliferation assay revealed that all decontaminated disks, except for the 2 groups treated using a plastic tip, showed significantly less cell proliferation than the SA group. The immunofluorescence and SEM analyses revealed that most groups showed comparable cell density, with the exception of the NT group, in which the cell density was lower and bacterial residue was observed. Furthermore, the cells grown with tetracycline-treated titanium disks showed significantly lower VEGF production than those in the SA group. Conclusions: None of the decontamination methods resulted in cytocompatibility similar to that of pristine SA titanium. However, many methods caused improvement in the biocompatibility of the titanium disks in comparison with the biofilm-coated, untreated titanium disks. This suggests that decontamination is indispensable for the treatment of peri-implantitis, even if the original biocompatibility cannot be restored.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2021

천연물 중 시판되지 않고 대부분 버려지는 흑호두(Juglans nigra) 과피를 추출하여 화장품 적용 가능성과 생리 활성 및 효능을 조사하였다. 흑호두 과피 열수 추출물의 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 300㎍/mL에서 76.06%였으며 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 1000 ㎍/mL에서 61%로 우수한 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. 흑호두 과피 추출물을 피부 각질 세포인 HaCaT 세포에 적용했을 때 250 ㎍/mL에서 92.6%로 세포 생존율에 미치는 영향이 현저히 낮았고 500 ㎍/mL 농도에서 67.35%의 nitric oxide(NO) 생성이 억제되었으며 100 ㎍/mL 농도에서 비타민 C보다 31배 더 높은 Hyaluronidase 억제 효과를 나타냈다. 결론적으로 흑호두 과피 추출물은 코스메슈티컬 응용 및 식품, 향료, 헬스 케어, 제약 등 다양한 산업에서 고부가 가치 천연 소재로 활용 가능성을 시사하고 있다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2022

Purpose: This pilot study assessed the immediate in vivo effect of high peak pulse power neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser monotherapy on selected red/orange complex periodontal pathogens in deep human periodontal pockets. Methods: Twelve adults with severe periodontitis were treated with the Laser-Assisted New Attachment Procedure (LANAP®) surgical protocol, wherein a free-running, digitally pulsed, Nd:YAG dental laser was used as the initial therapeutic step before mechanical root debridement. Using a flexible optical fiber in a handpiece, Nd:YAG laser energy, at a density of 196 J/cm² and a high peak pulse power of 1,333 W/pulse, was directed parallel to untreated tooth root surfaces in sequential coronal-apical passes to clinical periodontal probing depths, for a total applied energy dose of approximately 8-12 joules per millimeter of periodontal probing depth at each periodontal site. Subgingival biofilm specimens were collected from each patient before and immediately after Nd:YAG laser monotherapy from periodontal pockets exhibiting ≥6 mm probing depths and bleeding on probing. Selected red/orange complex periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, and Campylobacter species) were quantified in the subgingival samples using established anaerobic culture techniques. Results: All immediate post-treatment subgingival biofilm specimens continued to yield microbial growth after Nd:YAG laser monotherapy. The mean levels of total cultivable red/orange complex periodontal pathogens per patient significantly decreased from 12.0% pretreatment to 4.9% (a 59.2% decrease) immediately after Nd:YAG laser monotherapy, with 3 (25%) patients rendered culture-negative for all evaluated red/orange complex periodontal pathogens. Conclusions: High peak pulse power Nd:YAG laser monotherapy, used as the initial step in the LANAP® surgical protocol on mature subgingival biofilms, immediately induced significant reductions of nearly 60% in the mean total cultivable red/orange complex periodontal pathogen proportions per patient prior to mechanical root instrumentation and the rest of the LANAP® surgical protocol.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2023

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the cell viability and antimicrobial effects of orthodontic bands coated with silver or zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-Ag and nano-ZnO, respectively). Methods: In this experimental study, 30 orthodontic bands were divided into three groups (n = 10 each): control (uncoated band), Ag (silver-coated band), and ZnO (zinc oxide-coated band). The electrostatic spray-assisted vapor deposition method was used to coat orthodontic bands with nano-Ag or nano-ZnO. The biofilm inhibition test was used to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of nano-Ag and nano-ZnO against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Candida albicans. Biocompatibility tests were conducted using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The groups were compared using oneway analysis of variance with a post-hoc test. Results: The Ag group showed a significantly higher reduction in the number of L. acidophilus, C. albicans, and S. mutans colonies than the ZnO group (p = 0.015, 0.003, and 0.005, respectively). Compared with the control group, the Ag group showed a 2-log₁₀ reduction in all the microorganisms' replication ability, but only S. mutants showed a 2-log₁₀ reduction in replication ability in the ZnO group. The lowest mean cell viability was observed in the Ag group, but the difference between the groups was insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Coating orthodontic bands with nano-ZnO or nano-Ag induced antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens. Among the nanoparticles, nano-Ag showed the best antimicrobial activity and nano-ZnO showed the highest biocompatibility.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.4.1-4.9
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aims to correlate caries-causing microorganism load, lactic acid estimation, and blood groups to high caries risk in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and low caries risk in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: This study includes 30 participants divided into 3 groups: Group A, High-risk caries diabetic individuals; Group B, High-risk caries non-diabetic individuals; and Group C, Low-risk caries individuals. The medical condition, oral hygiene, and caries risk assessment (American Dental Association classification and International Caries Detection and Assessment System scoring) were documented. Each individual's 3 mL of saliva was analyzed for microbial load and lactic acid as follows: Part I: 2 mL for microbial quantity estimation using nutrient agar and blood agar medium, biochemical investigation, and carbohydrate fermentation tests; Part II: 0.5 mL for lactic acid estimation using spectrophotometric analysis. Among the selected individuals, blood group correlation was assessed. The χ² test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and post hoc analysis were done using Dunn's test (p < 0.05). Results: Group A had the highest microbial load and lactic acid concentration, followed by Groups B and C. The predominant bacteria were Lactobacilli (63.00 ± 15.49) and Streptococcus mutans (76.00 ± 13.90) in saliva. Blood Group B is prevalent in diabetic and non-diabetic high-risk caries patients but statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Diabetic individuals are more susceptible to dental caries due to high microbial loads and increased lactic acid production. These factors also lower the executing tendency of neutrophils, which accelerates microbial accumulation and increases the risk of caries in diabetic individuals.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.261-267
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 호염성 세균 Bacillus sp. Mk22를 사료에 섞어 투여함으로써 Penaeus monodon 새우의 성장증진과 Vibrio parahaemolyticus 와 흰반점바이러스(WSSV)의 감염 감소에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. 새우는 45일 동안 3가지 먹이를 공급하였 는데, 무첨가(대조구), 시판 프로바이오틱, 그리고 Bacillus sp. Mk22이었다. 호염성세균 Mk22를 투여한 새우들은 다른 그룹들의 새우들보다 성장(7.1 ± 0.21 g), 생존율(94.3 ± 0.58%), 체중증가(178 ± 4.93 g), 그리고 감소된 사료전환효율(0.8 ± 0.03 g)을 보였다. Bacillus sp. Mk22를 투여한 새우들은 다른 그룹의 새우들보다 새우배양 수조안에서 낮은 비브리오 수자(0.02 ± 0.01 × 10² CFU/ml)를 보였다. 이 세 그룹의 새우들을 비브리오나 WSSV로 공격감염을 하였다. 비브리오 감영에서는, 시판 프로바이오틱그룹과 Mk22 그룹에서 배양수조의 물 감염과 경구투여감염에서 치사 새우가 없었다. WSSV 감염에 대해서는, Mk22 그룹의 경우 새우배양 수조 감염에서는 68%의 생존율과 경구투여 감염에서는 20% 생존율이 45일째에 관찰되었고, 대조구와 시판 프로바이오틱 그룹에서는 모두 훨씬 빠른 시간 내에 100% 사망률을 보였다. 산화적 스트레스의 표지인, catalase와 superoxide dismutase와 같은 항산화 효소 활성은 비브리오와 WSSV 감염된 Mk22 그룹 모두에서 다른 그룹들에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이 사실은 Bacillus sp. Mk22는 산화적 스트레스 감소하는데 효과적이었고, 이는 감소된 감염효과로 인한 것으로 추정된다.