• Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.279-282
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• 2017

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) provide numerous beneficial effects on the host body, especially on the intestine. Two LAB strains isolated from Kimchi, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactobacillus sakei, were studied for its anti-inflammatory activity in acidinduced acute colitis in mice. To induce acute colitis in model mice (C57BL/6), 3% of dextran sulfate sodium treatment was treated for 7 days. Assessment of necropsy and histopathology analysis showed that oral supplementation of both L. mesenteroides and L. sakei ameliorated the symptoms of acute colitis. Moreover, the mixture of L. meseneroides and L. sakei showed synergistic effect on colitis. The results suggest that the formulation of L. mesenteroides and L. sakei mixture could be used as an oral supplementation to decrease the inflammatory harmful environment associated with colitis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.32.1-32.20
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• 2022

Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily targets the salivary and lacrimal glands. The pathology of these exocrine glands is characterized by periductal focal lymphocytic infiltrates, and both T cell-mediated tissue injury and autoantibodies that interfere with the secretion process underlie glandular hypofunction. In addition to these adaptive mechanisms, multiple innate immune pathways are dysregulated, particularly in the salivary gland epithelium. Our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of SS has substantially improved during the past decade. In contrast to viral infection, bacterial infection has never been considered in the pathogenesis of SS. In this review, oral dysbiosis associated with SS and evidence for bacterial infection of the salivary glands in SS were reviewed. In addition, the potential contributions of bacterial infection to innate activation of ductal epithelial cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and B cells and to the breach of tolerance via bystander activation of autoreactive T cells and molecular mimicry were discussed. The added roles of bacteria may extend our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for this autoimmune exocrinopathy.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2022

Background: By regulating the factors that contribute to oral diseases in a healthy way, oral health can be maintained and prevented. Methods: The general characteristics, PHP index, oral health behavior, and clinical periodontal index of each group were calculated by frequency analysis, and a cross-analysis (χ² test) was conducted to assess the homogeneity of the general characteristics, oral health behavior, and clinical periodontal index of the study subjects. An Oral bacteriological examination was performed by gargling with saliva. Results: The expert periodontal prevention group showed a decrease in the copy number of periodontal disease causative bacteria, and A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythus, andT. denticolashowed a significant difference before and after treatment (p=0.021). In the periodontal treatment group, A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythus, andT. denticolaall showed a decrease in copy number, but there was no significant difference. Conclusions: This study showed professional periodontal prevention management had some effect on periodontal bacterial reduction.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2023

In this study, natural mouthwash was developed based on natural substances based on cinnamon and ginger, which are familiar to the public, to check the effectiveness of mouthwash and changes in microbial distribution. This study was conducted on 24 people who fully explained the purpose and method of the study and agreed to participate among those who visited D University from October 2021 to December 2021. The subject's oral cavity was examined and placed in three groups to have similar conditions, and after using mouthwash for a week, a survey, saliva test, breath measurement test, and PCR test were performed. As a result of the experiment, the amount of saliva after using natural mouthwash increased compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the comparison of bacteria, it was confirmed that Pg and Fn bacteria decreased after using natural mouthwash (Pg t=4.852, P=.002, Fn t=2.888, P=.023). Following this study, it is expected that research on the development and efficacy of natural mouthwash will be conducted through various clinical applications, which will be useful in real life and dental care institutions.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.199-208
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to identify the non-Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria grown on the tryptic soy-serum-bacitracin-vancomycin (TSBV) medium, an A. actinomycetemcomitans selective medium. A total of 82 unidentified bacterial isolates from the oral cavities of a Korean population were kindly provide by the Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology. All the clinical isolates were grown on TSBV medium and bacterial DNA purified from each isolate was subjected to PCR with universal primers specific for bacterial 16S rRNA genes (16S rDNAs) sequence. The each bacterial 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR and the nucleotide sequences of it was determined by the dideoxynucleotide chain termination method. They were identified by 16S rDNA sequence comparison method at the specie-level. The data showed that Neisseria spp. (42 strains), Fusobacterium spp. (10 strains), Capnocytophaga spp. (8 strains), Propionibacterium acnes (5 strains), Aggregatibacter aprophilus (4 strains), Campylobacter spp. (5 strains), Veillonella dispar (3 strains), Streptococcus sp. (1 strain), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (1 strain), Leptotrichia wadei (1 strain), Morococcus sp./Neisseria sp. (1 strain), and Staphylococcus sp. (1 strain) were identified. These results could be used to develop a new A. actinomycetemcomitans-selective medium which is more effective than the TSBV medium in future studies.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.217-223
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• 2012

Purpose: Several parameters have been described for determining the success or failure of dental implants. The surface properties of transgingival implant components have had a great impact on the long-term success of dental implants. The purpose of this study was to compare the tendency of two periodontal pathogens to adhere to and colonize zirconia abutments and titanium alloys both in hard surfaces and soft tissues. Methods: Twelve patients participated in this study. Three months after implant placement, the abutments were connected. Five weeks following the abutment connections, the abutments were removed, probing depth measurements were recorded, and gingival biopsies were performed. The abutments and gingival biopsies taken from the buccal gingiva were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction to compare the DNA copy numbers of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and total bacteria. The surface free energy of the abutments was calculated using the sessile water drop method before replacement. Data analyses used the Mann Whitney U-test, and P-values below 0.05 find statistical significance. Results: The present study showed no statistically significant differences between the DNA copy numbers of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and total bacteria for both the titanium and zirconia abutments and the biopsies taken from their buccal gingiva. The differences between the free surface energy of the abutments had no influence on the microbiological findings. Conclusions: Zirconia surfaces have comparable properties to titanium alloy surfaces and may be suitable and safe materials for the long-term success of dental implants.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3341-3346
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• 2010

Dentifrices comtaining SLS of 2.2% and 0.0% were applied to 60 subjects for 4 weeks in this study. Dentifrice is used for salivary and oral bacteria amount change according to its SLS contents in toothpaste. The results were as follows. Anaysis of LSL contents befor and after the after experiment in salivary and bacterial count oral cavity didn't show significant difference in time interval. There was no correlation between salivary flow rate and bacterial count in the oral cavity according to content of SLS. Dentifrice of 2.2% content satisfied the subjects much more than that of 0.0% content(p<0.001).

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.164-173
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a newly devised toothbrush with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on Porphyromonas gingivalis attached to sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surfaces. Methods: The study included a control group, a commercial photodynamic therapy (PDT) group, and 3 test groups (B, BL, and BLE). The disks in the PDT group were placed in methylene blue and then irradiated with a diode laser. The B disks were only brushed, the BL disks were brushed with an LED toothbrush, and the BLE disks were placed into erythrosine and then brushed with an LED toothbrush. After the different treatments, bacteria were detached from the disks and spread on selective agar. The number of viable bacteria and percentage of bacterial reduction were determined from colony counts. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to visualize bacterial alterations. Results: The number of viable bacteria in the BLE group was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cell walls were intact in the control and B groups, but changed after commercial PDT and LED exposure. Conclusions: The findings suggest that an LED toothbrush with erythrosine treatment was more effective than a commercial PDT kit in reducing the number of P. gingivalis cells attached to surface-modified titanium in vitro.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.157-162
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• 2022

Smoking is known to be a causative factor of periodontal disease in addition to drinking alcohol. However, studies on microorganisms in oral cavity according to smoking status are currently very poor. In this study, 30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers were selected for university students. It was statistically significant that Streptococcus mutans, Prevotella intermedia were detected more frequently in smokers with 30% compared to non-smokers with 7%, and was detected in subjects that engaged in tooth brushing fewer than three times a day with 20%(p<0.05). P. intermedia was significant in that more bacteria were detected in smokers than in non-smokers (p<0.05). As continuous smoking directly stimulates the oral cavity, bacteria that can cause oral disease may appear more dominant than in non-smokers. Furthermore, it is expected that it will have a positive effect on students' smoking cessation.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.259-264
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• 1989

The adherence of $^{3}H$-labeled oral streptococcal cells to protein-coated hydroxyapatite (HA) beads was studied by a standard adherence assay. The adherence equilibrium for S. mutans 10449 occured in about 2 hrs. The cell numbers adhering to SHA was 50% less than those on bare HA. Sailva from different subjects had varying effect on bacterial adherence. The use of saliva adsorbed with homologouis bacteria decreased S. mutans adherence by 38% ; this indicates the presence of salivary agglutinin in acquired pellicle formed on HA. Animal sera and BSA decreased S. sanguis adherence. BSA concentration as high as 10mg/ml caused up to 87% adherence inhibition. The desorption experiment of adhered bacteria confirmed the previous reports that the adhesive sites on HA beads for S. mutans were different from those for S. sanguis and that S. mutans could enhance the adherence of S. sanguis but not vice versa.