• Architectural research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2014

This research is to restructure the public assessment of housing management in a standardized fashion, and a self-administered questionnaire survey was employed for data collection and analysis. In doing so, all the assessment tools nationwide were identified and assembled to extract the items included in the survey form. The survey form was mailed out to local officers in charge of housing management and professional housing managers in the nation, and the responses were statistically analyzed in order to structure the standard assessment tool of housing management. This research classified 3 main areas (General Maintenance, Operation and Community Living) in evaluating the housing management performance, and identified 35 essential items and 52 optional items. The 35 essential items were drawn from the 16 categories of the 3 areas (11 items of 5 categories for General Maintenance, 7 items of 4 categories for Operation, and 17 items of 7 categories for Community Living), and the rest 52 optional items were from the 16 categories of the 3 areas (24 items of 7 categories for General Maintenance, 26 items of 7 categories for Operation, and 2 items of 2 categories for Community Living). While all the items in the research are quantifiable, it's suggested that qualitative measurements be complementarily utilized in the assessment not only to explore the best practices of housing management but also to refine and modify the standardized tool in response to various environmental changes. As the public assessment of housing management is context-sensitive and critically related to local housing profile, the continuous implementation of the assessment will facilitate shifting the housing paradigm from production and consumption to management and reproduction.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.201-212
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• 1999

This paper studies the rapid design and implementation of the medium access control(MAC) and related interface circuits for 802.11 wireless LANs based on the field programmed gate ar-ray(FPGA) technology. Our design is thus aimed to support both the distributed coordination function (DCF) and the point coordination function(PCF) with the aid of FPGA technology. Further-more, in an infrastructure network, some stations may serve as the access points (APs) which may function like a learning bridge. This paper will also discuss how to design for such application. The hardware of the MAC and interface may at least consist of three major parts: wireless transmission and reception processes and in-terface, host(bus) interface, and the interface to the distributed system (optional). Through the increasing popularity of FPGA de-sign, this paper presents how Complex Programmable Logic De-vices(CPLD) can be utilized for speedy design of prototypes. It also demonstrates that there is much room for low-cost hardware prototype design to accelerate the processing speed of the MAC control function and for field testing.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2016

In this study, the three different meta-heuristics namely the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Stochastic Fractal Search (SFS), and Adaptive Differential Evolution with Optional External Archive (JADE) algorithms are examined. This study considers optimization of the planer frame to minimize its weight subjected to the strength and displacement constraints as per the American Institute of Steel and Construction - Load and Resistance Factor Design (AISC-LRFD). The GWO algorithm is associated with grey wolves' activities in the social hierarchy. The SFS algorithm works on the natural phenomenon of growth. JADE on the other hand is a powerful self-adaptive version of a differential evolution algorithm. A one-bay ten-story planar steel frame problem is examined in the present work to investigate the design ability of the proposed algorithms. The frame design is produced by optimizing the W-shaped cross sections of beam and column members as per AISC-LRFD standard steel sections. The results of the algorithms are compared. In addition, these results are also mapped with other state-of-art algorithms.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

The concept of universal design has become an essential requirement for environmental design, due to the growing population of the aged, and the increasing needs of people with disabilities. This study aims to propose a universal design guideline for apartment housing units that can be adapted to both a general household and a household with elderly or disabled individuals. This design process encompasses literary reviews, and includes the measurements of the dimensions and facilities of currently available apartment housing. The three domestic universal guidelines were reviewed, and a universal design checklist for apartment housing units was developed. Afterward, the individual elements and inclusive factors of universal design, for apartment housing units, were collected and examined according to the each functional space within the home. The results and conclusions are as follows: 1) The factors of universal design are diversified by the division of the functional spaces within the home, such as the private space, the work space and the entertaining space. 2) Due to the lack of space and storage, wheelchairs cannot be used in most currently available apartment types; this problem can be resolved by applying flexibility and optional adaptation. The solutions for the above are additional design factors that will enable more convenient usage and elaborate design.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2015

본 연구는 입원환자 서비스 개선의 일환으로 국내 병원 입원환자들에게 제공되는 식단안내문의 현황을 분석하고 정보전달 문제점을 분석하여 정보시각화를 통해 개선안을 제안하는데 목적이 있다. 병원 내 영양부서를 직접 방문하여 관찰하고 자료를 수집하여 식단안내문의 종류와 구성내용을 분석하였고, 정보시각화 측면에서 효율적 정보전달이 이루어지는가에 초점을 맞추어 문제점을 도출하였다. 현재 입원환자에게 제공 중인 식단은 환자의 병태에 따라 일반식, 선택식, 치료식으로 나뉘며, 안내문은 크게 일반식 안내문과 선택식 안내문의 두가지로 나뉜다. 정보의 내용은 메뉴와 원산지, 안내문, 회수 시간 등을 다루고 있다. 하지만, 정보의 내용 및 중요도에 따른 분류가 이뤄지지 않아 환자들의 정보 습득에 있어 비효율적인 문제점이 도출되었다. 입원환자에게 제공되는 국내 병원의 식단안내문은 정보전달력이 떨어지는 것이 공통된 문제점이며, 이를 개선하기 위해 정보를 내용 및 중요도에 따라 분류하고 시각화하여 가독성을 높이는 방안을 적용하여 환자들에게 보다 효율적인 정보전달이 가능한 식단안내문 제공을 가능케 할 것이다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.460-472
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• 2017

The design of harbours, as with any other system design, must be an optimization process. In this study, a global examination of the different constraints in coastal engineering was performed and an optimization problem was defined. The problem has multiple objectives, and the criteria to be minimized are the structure cost and wave height disturbance inside a harbour. As concluded in this survey, the constraints are predefined parameters, mandatory constraints or optional constraints. All of these constraints are categorized into four categories: environmental, fluid mechanical, structural and manoeuvring.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.150-160
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• 1997

Existing non-manifold data structures which use the ordered topological representation method, are designed based on a "Model" which is the highest topological entity. Their non-manifold information is always included in edges and vertices even if they are in the manifold situation. Thus they require large storage spaces than manifold data structures. The proposed data structure reduces its storage space by removing unnecessary information stored in edges and vertices. Topological information is classified into manifold and non-manifold information. The main non-manifold information is radial cycles and disk cycles. The proposed data structure always stores manifold information. For the non-manifold situation, the edge stores radial cycles, and the vertex stores disk cycles. The storage space can be reduced in the later stage of CAD design when the ratio of non-manifold to manifold entities is small.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.248-257
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• 2005

In this paper, we develop design procedures for carrier tracking loop for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems or other systems of blocked data. In such communication systems, phase error measurements are made infrequent enough to invalidate the traditional loop design methodology which is based on analog loop design. We analyze the degradation in the OFDM schemes caused by the tracking loop and show how the performance is dependent on the rms phase error, where we distinguished between the effect of the variance in the average phase over the symbol and the effect of the phase change over the symbol. We derive the optimal tracking loop including optional delay in the loop caused by processing time. Our solution is general and includes arbitrary phase noise apd additive noise spectrums. In order to guarantee a well behaved solution, we have to check the design against margin constraints subject to uncertainties. In case the optimal loop does not meet the required margin constraints subjected to uncertainties, it is shown how to apply a method taken from control theory to find a controller. Alternatively, if we restrict the solution to first or second order loops, we give a simple loop design procedure which may be sufficient in many cases. Extensions of the method are shown for using both pilot symbols and data symbols in the OFDM receiver for phase tracking. We compare our results to other methods commonly used in OFDM receivers and we show that a large improvement can be gained.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the needs of future users for services at senior congregate housing and to look into the development directions of the service standards for senior congregate housing. A survey was conducted among middle-aged people in their fifties, who lived in Seoul, using the systematic random sampling method. The final sample included 498 respondents. The survey was conducted from November 3, 2003 to November 14, 2003. The results of this study were as follows. Firstly, as the need for housing services were high, it was quite clear that various services at senior congregate housing should be provided. Secondly, a service differentiation strategy should be proposed to meet the characteristics of the users. Thirdly, it was hereby suggested that service standards should be established in the following manner considering the relationship between the needs for services and the income level directly influencing the provision of services: 'Basic services' to be provided regardless of income, 'Optional services' to be selectable among the preferable services per income level, and 'Supportive services' to be provided for low-income people.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

Home network is a technology that provides possibilities of monitoring/controling/mutilating-recognition between optional home network machines in residences. Currently, home network or other networks like entertainment, residential electronic networks are jumbled together with heterogeneous networks in a rampaging condition. In a reality of high expectation for home networks system like the mutual application for various machines, we are required to have the unification technology for conveniences to satisfy expectations. This thesis reflects how to develop Java applications or mutual products based on convenient interfaces actually that process various sensors which create real time data stream in Java platform through Java based sensor data-stream processing embedded middleware design and realization in real time.