• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.821-832
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• 2015

The aims of this study are to estimate the optimal vessel reduction scales and these direct economic effects of coastal and offshore fisheries in the Republic of Korea. To estimate respectively optimal fishing efforts of individual fishery by species in coastal and offshore fisheries, we adopted appropriate fishing power of each species published by National Fisheries Research and Development Institute and also considered biological and socio-economic factors such as the bycatch rate, the profit rate, the efficiency of resource use, the average age of fishing vessel, the intention of vessel reduction, and the annual changes in vessels by other factors. The direct economic effects of the optimal vessel reduction in coastal and offshore fisheries based on maximum sustainable yield and 2/3 maximum sustainable yield was calculated by a cost-benefit analysis. This study showed that optimal reduction numbers of vessels engaged in coastal and offshore fisheries were 4,431 and 374 vessels and the direct economic effects in coastal and offshore fisheries were about 371.7 and 569.4 billion won and these NPV and BCR were 111.7 billion won and 1.65 and 342.6 billion won and 4.97 respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.456-460
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• 1996

Recombinant Pseudomonas lipase was used to study protein aggregation and adsorption upon in vitro refolding. Protein adsorption as well as aggregation was responsible for major side reactions upon in vitro refolding as a function of protein concentration. The optimal range of protein concentration was determined by the relative contribution of protein aggregation and adsorption. Above the optimal range, the yield of active lipase inversely correlated with protein aggregation, showing a competition between folding and aggregation. However, adsorption of protein rather than protein aggregation is thought to contribute as a major side reaction of the refolding process at sub-optimal concentrations at which the formation of aggregates should be more reduced. Protein aggregation was influenced by the amount of guanidine hydrochloride in the refolding solvent. The refolding temperature was a critical factor determining the extent of protein aggregation. The refolding yield was also affected by the dilution fold and dilution mode, which suggests that the refolding process might kinetically compete with the rate of mixing.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.857-867
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 홍삼과 흑삼의 기능성 성분 추출 극대화를 위해 추출 용액의 ethanol 농도와 추출 온도를 고려하여 추출 수율, 산성다당체 및 ginsenosides의 함량 변화를 반응표면분석법을 통해 모니터링해 보고 적정 추출조건을 찾아보았다. 홍삼 및 흑삼의 가용성 고형분 함량에 대한 모델식의 R²는 각각 0.9679(p<0.01), 0.8545(p<0.1)였다. 홍삼가용성 고형분의 최적 추출조건은 ethanol 농도 1.52%에서 67.27℃로 추출 시 그 함량이 5.29%였으며, 흑삼 가용성 고형분의 최적 추출조건은 ethanol 농도 3.12%에서 66.13℃로 추출 시 그 함량이 6.11%였다. 홍삼 및 흑삼의 산성다당체 함량에 대한 모델식의 R²는 각각 0.9251(p<0.05), 0.88379(p<0.1)였다. 홍삼의 산성다당체 최적 추출조건은 ethanol 농도 4.03%에서 69.61℃로 추출 시 그 함량이 1.86 mg/mL였다. 흑삼의 산성다당체 최적 추출조건은 ethanol 용액 농도 24.67%에서 71.14℃로 추출 시 그 함량이 1.80 mg/mL였다. 홍삼의 ginsenoside Rg₁ 및 Rb₁ 함량에 대한 모델식의 R²는 각각 0.8941(p<0.05), 0.8718(p<0.1)이었다. 홍삼의 ginsenosides 최적 추출조건은 ethanol 농도 79.92%에서 70.62℃로 추출 시 ginsenoside Rg₁ 함량이 0.22 mg/mL였으며, ethanol 농도 79.94%에서 69.46℃에서 ginsenoside Rb₁ 함량이 0.36 mg/mL였다. 흑삼의 ginsenosides 최적 추출조건은 ethanol 농도 75.11%에서 65.21℃로 추출할 경우 ginsenoside Rb₁ 함량이 0.28 mg/mL였으며, ethanol 농도 75.70%에서 65.49℃에서 ginsenoside Rg₃ 함량이 0.31 mg/mL였다. 홍삼 및 흑삼의 산성다당체 수율과 ginsenoside 수율을 모두 만족하는 최적추출조건은 ethanol 농도 35-50%의 범위 내에서 70℃였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.311-322
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• 2005

Fisheries buyback programs in Korea have been implemented since 1994, and their scales are estimated to be the present value of 930 billion won for the last 9 yens since 1994. The paper attempts to identify the patterns of each fish species, of which their yields can be steadily increased or significant]y decreased, and to evaluate its effective level and the optimal level for buyback programs by means of fishing capacity analysis. The paper distinguishes fish species, that there is no need to reduce the fishing efforts, such as anchovies, mackerels, squids, Spanish mackerels, and herrings, because MSY exceeds yields, from fish species to control overfishing such as file fish, yellow corvenias, young pollack, hair tail, snow crab, and pollack. The paper also suggests that 65% of the fishing efforts (total tonnages) should be cut back at the national aggregate level in order to restore fish stocks.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 1992

Many manufacturing processes involved in the fabrication and assembly of hightech components have highly variable yields that tend to complicate the production control. Under this random yield situation we develop a model to determine optimal input quantity, mean waiting time in the system and variance of waiting time in the system. An example which considers beta distribution as a yield distribution is given.

• 산업공학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2007

Burn-in is an engineering method for screening out products containing reliability defects which would cause early failures in field operation. Previously, various burn-in models have been proposed mainly focused on the trade-off of shop repair cost and warranty cost ignoring manufacturing yield. From the view point of a manufacturer, however, burn-in decreases warranty cost at the expense of yield reduction. In this paper, we provide a general model quantifying a trade-off between product yield and reliability, in which any defect distribution from previous yield models can be used. A profit function is expressed in burn-in environments for determining an optimal burn-in time. Finally, the method is illustrated with gate oxide failures which is an important reliability concerns for VLSI CMOS circuits.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.439-446
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• 2003

단식 증류기를 이용한 증류식 소주는 품격 높은 향미를 지니고 있으나 희석식 소주에 비해 상대적으로 고가인 것이 문제로 지적되어 왔다. 이에 증류식 소주의 경제성 확보 방법의 하나로 담금에 전분액화법을 도입하여 급수 변화에 따른 수율 및 향미 연구를 실시하였다. 액화담금공정에 의한 발효경과는 pH, 알코올, 총산 등의 일반분석 결과 정상적이었다. 수율은 급수율과 정비례관계를 보였으며 급수율 250%가 가장 높았다. one-way ANOVA를 이용한 p<0.05 수준에서의 Duncan's multiple range test 결과에서 급수율 변화에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, 게다가 profile법에 의한 관능 평가 결과를 heptadiagram으로 나타내었을 때에도 그 면적과 형태의 유사성에서 보여지는 바와 같이 급수율 변화에 따른 관능차는 거의 없었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 급수율 250%로 액화 담금한 것이 품질 차이 없이 가장 높은 수율을 보여 경제적으로 우수하였고 발효경과에서도 문제가 없어 최적의 담금 방법임을 알 수 있었다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2008

The Korean government is in the establishment process of plan for managing fishing effort by setting up the maximum fishing gear usage per fishery type for the recovery of fishery resources, for the settlement of disputes between fishery sectors over fishing gears, and for the stability of fishing business condition. Especially in the setting up of the maximum fishing gear usage, economic standards as well as biological standards are being considered as a significant factor to promote the sustainable and economically viable development of fisheries. This study is, thus, to analyze the optimal economic fishing gear usage ($E_{MEY}$) as the most economically efficient one for the coastal snow crab gillnet fishery, one of the most controversial sectors in establishing the maximum fishing gear usage. The data of logbooks per trip were used for concentrating on the estimation of $E_{MEY}$ per trip because it was considered there were limitations of data available for analyses. As a finding drawn from the analyses, the optimal economic trap usage ($E_{MEY}$) of coastal snow crab gillnet vessels per trip has to be decreased by about 13%. That is, reducing the trip gillnet usage up to the level of $E_{MEY}$ can lead to the reduction of trip fishing costs, thereby resulting in the increased trip profits.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제81권6호
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• pp.677-689
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• 2022

Generally, the goal of seismic retrofit design of an existing structure using energy dissipation devices is to determine the optimum design parameters of a retrofit device to satisfy a specified limit state with minimum cost. However, the presence of multiple parameters to be optimized and the computational complexity of performing non-linear analysis make it difficult to find the optimal design parameters in the realistic 3D structure. In this study, genetic algorithm-based optimal seismic retrofit methods for determining the required number, yield strength, and location of steel slit dampers are proposed to retrofit an asymmetric soft first-story structure. These methods use a multi-objective and single-objective evolutionary algorithms, each of which varies in computational complexity and incorporates nonlinear time-history analysis to determine seismic performance. Pareto-optimal solutions of the multi-objective optimization are found using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). It is demonstrated that the developed multi-objective optimization methods can determine the optimum number, yield strength, and location of dampers that satisfy the given limit state of a three-dimensional asymmetric soft first-story structure. It is also shown that the single-objective distribution method based on minimizing plan-wise stiffness eccentricity turns out to produce similar number of dampers in optimum locations without time consuming nonlinear dynamic analysis.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was aimed to compare Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GBH) decoctions produced using different pressure levels for various extraction times to find the optimal extraction conditions through extraction yield, total soluble solids content (TSSC), hydrogen ion concentration (pH), and the contents of chemical compounds. Methods : Decoctions of GBH were prepared under the pressure levels of 0 or $1kgf/cm^2$ for 30-180 min using water as extraction solvent. The extraction yield, TSSC, and pH were measured, and the amounts of the chemical compounds were determined using high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector. Results : The higher pressure and longer extraction time increased the values of TSSC and extraction yield, while decreased the pH value. The decoctions produced in 180 min by pressurized method and produced in 150 min by non-pressurized method showed maximum values of extraction yield and TSSC with minimum value of pH. The amounts of chemical compounds showed variations in pressurized and non-pressurized decoction during overall extraction times. The influences of pressure and extraction time on extraction yield, TSSC, pH, and the contents of chemical compounds were confirmed by regression analysis, which showed that all extraction values were significantly affected by at least one of two extraction factors, pressure and extraction time. Conclusions : This study suggests that the pressure and extraction time can significantly affect the extraction efficiency of components from GBH decoctions. However, optimal extraction conditions could not be chosen due to the variation of the amounts of chemical compounds.