• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.98-103
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• 2006

In this research, the single machine capacitated lot-sizing and scheduling problem with sequence- dependent setup costs and setup times (CLSPSD) is considered. This problem is the extension of capacitated lot-sizing and scheduling problem (CLSP) with an additional assumption on sequence-dependent setup costs and setup times. The objective of the problem is minimizing the sum of production costs, inventory holding costs and setup costs satisfying customers' demands. It is known that the CLSPSD is NP-hard. In this paper, the MIP formulation is presented. To handle the problem more efficiently, a conceptual model is suggested, and one of the well-known meta-heuristics, the simulated annealing approach is applied. To illustrate the performance of this approach, various instances are tested and the results of this algorithm are compared with those of the CLPEX. Computational results show that this approach generates optimal or nearly optimal solutions.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.163-176
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• 2016

Rapid depletion of fossil based oil, coal and gas reserves and its greater demand day by day necessitates the search for other alternatives. Severe environmental impacts caused by the fossil fire based power plants and the escalating fuel costs are the major challenges faced by the electricity supply industry. Integration of Distributed Generators (DG) especially, wind and solar systems to the grid has been steadily increasing due to the concern of clean environment. This paper focuses on a new simple and fast load flow algorithm named Backward Forward Sweep Algorithm (BFSA) for finding the voltage profile and power losses with the integration of various sizes of DG at different locations. Genetic Algorithm (GA) based BFSA is adopted in finding the optimal location and sizing of DG to attain an improved voltage profile and considerable reduced power loss. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient in finding the optimal location and sizing of DG in 15-bus radial distribution system (RDS).The authenticity of the placement of optimized DG is assured with other DG placement techniques.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.551-559
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• 2016

The present trend of increasing the penetration levels of Distributed Generator (DG) in the distribution network has made the issue of Islanding crucial for the reliable operation of the network. The islanding, if not detected early may lead to the collapse of the system as it can drive the distribution system to the cascaded failure. In this paper, an extensive study of the effect of DG placement and sizing is performed by dividing the system into different zones to obtain a reduced effect of islanding. The siting and sizing of DG is carried out to improve the overall voltage profile or/and reduction in active power loss using two stage Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the first stage a basic knockout selection is considered and the best population is taken for next stage, where roulette selection for crossover and mutation is performed for optimal placement and sizing of DGs. The effect of the islanding, due to load variations is reduced by optimal siting and sizing of DG. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is tested on the IEEE 33 and 69 radial bus systems and the results obtained are promising.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.435-441
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• 2014

This paper considers a single-product problem for inbound lot-sizing and outbound dispatching at a third-party warehouse, where the demand is dynamic over the discrete time horizon. Each demand must be delivered into the corresponding delivery time window which is the time interval characterized by the earliest and latest delivery dates of the demand. Ordered products are shipped by heterogeneous container types. Each container type has type-dependent carrying capacity and the unit freight cost depends on each container type. Total freight cost is proportional to the number of each container type used. Also it is assumed that related cost functions are concave and backlogging is not allowed. The objective of the paper is to simultaneously determine the optimal inbound lot-sizing and outbound dispatching plans that minimize total costs which include ordering, shipping, and inventory holding costs. The optimal solution properties are characterized for the problem and then a dynamic programming algorithm is presented to find the optimal solution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.8 s.145
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• pp.1102-1113
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• 2005

The propose of this study is to develop the optimal sizing system of ready-to-wear f3r elementary school girls using a newly invented statistical technique. The body measurements was classified by the method that equalizes the distribution of the subjects using the probability density function, to theoretically systemize a method to determine a size range of ready-to-wear for elementary school girls between 6 to 12 years old. The statistical method were 1) The total of 11 height groups, which size interval from one another is 6 cm that is an average height gap between each age. 2) In order to determine an approximate figure (m ${\times}$ n) to establish the appropriate sizes far each height group that fit to the combinations of bust and hip girth, which based on their means and standard deviations on the probability density curve to produce the standard normal distribution. 3) m and n were aligned by 4cm -the grading increments used for patterns making- and determined the size ranges by confirming the approximate figures of m and n. 4) The representative values were determined by an area ratio calculated by dividing the area determined from the range of bust and hip girth with the representative value. Considering the characteristics of subjects' distribution, the area ratios was used. 5) Weight was calculated by seeking a growth exponent for each age and multiplying it by the number of girls that fit to each size range. As sections that show the highest weight are more likely sought by the consumers, these sections were determined as the optimal size standards. 6) This optimal sizing system consists of sizes determined by the optimal size standards and its sizes are marked with height, bust and hip girth.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.683-688
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a distributed representative human model(DRHM) generation and analysis system. Background: DRHMs are used for a product with multiple-size categories such as clothing and shoes. It is not easy for a product designer to explore an optimal sizing system by applying various distributed methods because of their complexity and time demand. Method: Studies related to DRHM generation were reviewed and the RHM generation interfaces of three digital human model simulation systems(Jack$^{(R)}$, RAMSIS$^{(R)}$, and CATIA Human$^{(R)}$) were reviewed. Results: DRHM generation steps are implemented by providing sophisticated interfaces which offer various statistical techniques and visualization methods with ease. Conclusion: The DRHM system can analyze the multivariate accommodation percentage of a sizing system, provide body sizes of generated DRHMs, and visualize generated grids and DRHMs. Application: The DRHM generation and analysis system can be of great use to determine an optimal sizing system for a multiple-size product by comparing various sizing system candidates.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.313-334
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• 2006

A novel formulation aiming to achieve optimal design of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is presented here. Optimal sizing and reinforcing for beam and column members in multi-bay and multistory RC structures incorporates optimal stiffness correlation among all structural members and results in cost savings over typical-practice design solutions. A Nonlinear Programming algorithm searches for a minimum cost solution that satisfies ACI 2005 code requirements for axial and flexural loads. Material and labor costs for forming and placing concrete and steel are incorporated as a function of member size using RS Means 2005 cost data. Successful implementation demonstrates the abilities and performance of MATLAB's (The Mathworks, Inc.) Sequential Quadratic Programming algorithm for the design optimization of RC structures. A number of examples are presented that demonstrate the ability of this formulation to achieve optimal designs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.95-109
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• 2013

This thesis was conducted with the purpose of proposing a systematic and comprehensive system for women's upper garment sizes so that the satisfaction level of women purchasing the upper garment products in Internet shopping malls is enhanced. To achieve this, this study first conducted a survey of women from the ages of 18 to 39 and attempted to discover consumer satisfaction levels and preferences of the clothing product sizing system of Internet shopping malls. While keeping track of the global distribution environment, an optimal clothing sizing system for Korean women that fit recent changes in their body shapes was proposed. The results of this study are as follows. First, A result of studying the satisfaction levels and preferences of consumer's purchase experience and the sizing system showed that 48.6% of the total respondents were dissatisfied with the current sizing system. Second, based on the research of the size classification system of domestic and foreign upper garment for women, unlike domestic Internet shopping malls, overseas generally offer several size classifications. Third, results of studies 1 and 2 was used to propose an optimal clothing products sizing system method. Also, the body and product sizes and the measurement methods should be offered together. In summary of all these results, by establishing globally compatible sizing system, consumers are able to recognize their sizes on their own and by doing this, it will lower perceived risk of the consumers at the time of a Internet shopping mall purchase, and this will raise their level of satisfaction while making purchases.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1236-1239
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• 2008

Through the optimization design of the pneumatic components it leads the energy efficiency increasement and resources saving. Also it effects on the high speed operation, low speed operation, low weight, and complexity of pneumatic systems. In this paper the development of the software will be described based on Object-Oriented technology, which will provide function for development of pneumatic system without any deep knowledge about pneumatic system.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.918-924
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• 2009

As the population of overweight and obese children is rising rapidly around the world, there are many researches on purchasing and wearing children's clothing and optimal sizes, but researches on obese children are still inadequate. This study was carried out on 192 obese children over 75% in BMI. The purpose of the study was to set up the optimal interval of sizing system using the loss function which would be a guide for obese children for selecting ready to wear of suitable size. Introducing a loss function, which reflects how much the purchasing desire changes according to the difference, we formulate the problem and suggest a procedure to determine the optimal standard sizes minimizing the loss. These results were as follows ; In size chart of top's, 4 sizes had been determined by a loss function, had covered more than 91.1% of all subjects. In size chart of bottom's, 5 sizes had been determined by a loss function, had covered more than 87.0% of all subjects.