• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.500-503
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• 1997

In this paper, we investigate the control methodology of inverter Airconditioner, using the three dimensional vector scheme. The method of three dimensional vector aims at the determination of optimal switching patterns for PWM to reduce switching loss and to improve the performance supplied voltage. The induction motors are widely used for home Airconditioners. These motors can be classified into two types: on or off control of Airconditioner and the speed control of motor. For speed control of motors, generally PWM methods are used. The PWM method based upon the modulation of triangular wave can not afford to supply line voltage to the motor sufficiently because of the capacity of processing speed of micro processors. Therefore airconditioner can not be operated efficiently. This problem can be solved with the method of three dimensional vector since it can increase the supplied voltage and maximum operating frequency of motor to 173V and 96Hz, respectively. As the result, this method shows 10 - 15% increase of voltage and 10% increase of operating frequency over the modulation of triangular wave. According to a theoretical study, the number of switching in the method of three dimensional vector is smaller than that of the modulation of triangular wave. The power consumption can be reduced and the supplied voltage can be increased. In other words, the efficiency of Airconditioner can be improved. We show that the method of three dimensional vector can supply higher voltage than the modulation of triangular method through the experiments and verify the degree of improvement of efficiency theoretically.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.82-86
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• 2006

Diamond films were deposited on 10.0$\times$10.0$mm^2$ pretreated (100) Si substrate using $CH_4$, $H_2$ and $O_2$ source gases in a horizontal-type microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. We introduced a cyclic on/off modulation of $CH_4$ and/or $O_2$ flows is a function of the reaction time during the initial deposition stage. Surface morphology and diamond quality of the films were investigated as a function of the different cyclic modulation process of the source gases flows: For the enhancement of the nucleation density, there is an optimal process for the incorporation of oxygen. Diamond qualities of the films were improved by introducing oxygen gas during the initial deposition stage.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39A권5호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2014

직교 진폭 변조 (QAM)은 현재 유무선 통신 시스템에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 정방형 QAM, TQAM, ${\Theta}$-QAM을 포함하는 일반화된 TQAM을 제안한다. 따라서, 다른 QAM 계열에 비교해서 임의의 일반 삼각형 격자 구조를 갖는 이 일반화된 TQAM은 신호점 배치에서 다양한 구조를 제공한다. 변조 지수 M 의 일반화된 TQAM에 대한 BER을 정확한 closed-form 수식으로 유도하며 이 수식을 이용하여 최적의 신호점 배치 방안을 제시한다. 마지막으로, 이 유도한 수식 결과에 대해 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 비교 검증한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2016

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been receiving increased attentions in recent years. The new modular multilevel converter is a derivative topology from the traditional MMC in which the number of sub-modules (SMs) necessitated by each phase can be reduced by one. This paper presents a phase-shifted carrier pulse-width modulation (PSC-PWM) for the new MMC with an optimal phase-shifted angle to suppress the harmonics of the output voltage. Further, the harmonic features when the capacitor voltage of the middle SM is selected as two different values are also investigated. Moreover, in order to avoid introducing an unnecessary dc offset current at the ac terminals of the new MMC, a novel capacitor voltage balancing scheme is proposed by adjusting the amplitude of the reference signals rather than the offset. Finally, the validity and effectiveness of the proposed modulation and balancing schemes have been verified by experimental results based on a three-phase prototype of the new MMC.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2024

Hardware components are an integral part of Hardware Define Radio (HDR) for seamless operations and optimal performance. On the other hand, Software Define Radio (SDR) is a program that does not rely on any hardware components for its performance. Both of the latter radio programmers utilize modulation functions to make their core components from signal processing viewpoint. The following paper concentrates on SDR based modulation and their performance under different modulations. The bit error rate (BER) of modulations such as PSK, QAM, and PSAM were used as indicators to test channel quality estimation in planar Rayleigh fading. Though it is not commonly used for channel fading, the method of the adder determines the regionally segmented channel fading. Thus, the estimation error of the channel change substantially reduces the performance of the signal, hence, proving to be an effective option. Moreover, this paper also elaborates that BER is calculated as a function of the sample size (signal length) with an average of 20 decibels. Consequently, the size of the results for different modulation schemes has been explored. The analytical results through derivations have been verified through computer simulation. The results focused on parameters of amplitude estimation error for 1dB reduction in the average signal-to-noise ratio, while the combined amplitude deviation estimation error results are obtained for a 3.5 dB reduction

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.211-218
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• 1998

As a part of trajectory modulation to increase system survivability and terminal effectiveness, impact angle control is required in the terminal phase of tactical missile systems. The missile systems are not allowed to have high altitude to reduce probability of detection by sensors of missile defense systems. In this paper, an analytic form of a time-optimal control law is suggested in the case of constrained missile maneuverability and impact angle under the assumption of a zero-lag autopilot. The control law is obtained by establishing optimal missile-target engagement geometry in the vertical plane. Extension of the law for missiles with autopilot response lags requiring a numerical solution is studied by introducing an iterative algorithm for optimal switching time determination of which the initial switching instants are obtained from the analytic solution. Also suggested is a closed-form impact angle control law derived by an energy-optimal approach. The performances of the proposed guidance laws are evaluated by a series of computer runs.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.849-854
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• 2023

본 논문은 LDMOS(laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor)를 이용하여 동작점 Class J를 적용하고, 2차 하모닉 임피던스가 리액턴스 임피던스가 되도록 출력 정합회로를 최적화하여 고효율 전력증폭기를 설계 하였다. 설계한 전력증폭기는 주파수가 108 ~ 110 MHz에서, 전력부가효율(PAE; power added efficiency)은 P_SAT 출력(54.5 dBm)에서 71.5%, P_1dB 출력(51.5 dBm)에서 55.5%, 그리고 45 dBm에서 24.38%의 특성을 보였다. 공간변조 방식에서의 기준 신호인 CSB(carrier with sideband) 전력증폭기는 운용 출력이 45 dBm ~ 35 dBm이며, 그 출력에서 선형적인 SDM(sum in the depth of modulation) 특성(40% ± 0.3%)을 얻었다. 전력증폭기의 바이어스 동작점에 따른 진폭 변조도 특성를 측정하고, 선형적인 변조도 특성을 얻을 수 있는 최적의 동작점을 제안한다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1829-1838
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• 1989

This paper is proposed one method of the exact optimal switching pattern of Selected Harmonic Elimination(SHE) Pulse Width Modulation(PWM). It defined Harmonic Elimination Band (HEB) at Constant Voltage(CV) and sought all solutions which are included HEB. Then, it calculated the Generalized Klirr Factor(GKF) beling to this solution and decided the optimal switching pattern which is minimized GKF. This optimal switching solution is used as initial condition of Newto Raphson(NR) method of decided easily switching pattern at Variable Voltage(VV). We desined the inverter by Power Transister(PTR) and implemented variable speed drive of Induction Motor(IM) in order to verify the validity of this theoretical proposition, then shown this results by comparison and analysis.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 V-BLAST (Vertical-Bell-lab Layered Space Time) 복호 알고리즘의 ordering과 slicing 과정에 사전 확률로서 사용되는 MAP 디코더의 외부 정보를 이용한 최적의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 적응 변조 시스템을 제안 후 성능을 관찰한다. 채널 상태에 따라 변조 방식을 달리하는 적응 변조 시스템을 기존의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 시스템과 최적의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST시스템에 각각 적용하고 전송률 및 SNR을 비교하여 제안된 시스템을 적용할 경우 어느 정도의 성능 개선이 있는가를 살펴본다. 또한, 제안된 시스템에 선택적 전송 다이버시티 (STD : Selection Transmit Diversity) 기법을 적용한 후 성능의 향상을 관찰한다. 모의 실험결과, 적응 변조 시스템에서 최적의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 기법을 적용한 경우가 기존의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 기법을 적용한 경우에 비하여 전체적인 SNR 영역에서 SNR 이득이 나타났고 11dB의 SNR에서 최대 약 350Kbps의 전송률 향상이 나타났다. 또한 제안된 시스템에 선택적 전송 다이버시티가 적용된 경우에는 기존 시스템과 비교하여 같은 SNR영역에서 최대 약 1.77Mbps의 전송률이 개선됐으며, 특히 4Mbps의 전송률 성능을 만족시키기 위한 SNR 성능에서는 약 5.88dB의 이득을 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1425-1440
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• 2017

In wireless communications, antenna selection (AS) is a widely used method for reducing comparable cost of multiple RF chains in MIMO systems. As is well known, most of literatures on combining AS with MIMO techniques concern linear modulations such as phase shift keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The combination of CPM and MIMO has been considered an optimal choice that can improve its capacity without loss of power and spectrum efficiency. The aim of this paper is to investigate joint transmit and receive antenna selection (JTRAS) in CPM MIMO systems. Specifically, modified incremental and decremental JTRAS algorithms are proposed to adapt to arbitrary number of selected transmit or receive antennas. The computational complexity of several JTRAS algorithms is analyzed from the perspective of channel capacity. As a comparison, the performances of bit error rate (BER) and spectral efficiency are evaluated via simulations. Moreover, computational complexity of the JTRAS algorithms is simulated in the end. It is inferred from discussions that both incremental JTRAS and decremental JTRAS perform close to optimal JTRAS in BER and spectral efficiency. In the sense of practical scenarios, adaptive JTRAS can be employed to well tradeoff performance and computational complexity.