• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
• /
• pp.1495-1498
• /
• 2008

We proposed driving method with variable integration time for ambient light sensing. One operation period of the proposed driving method consists of several sub-integration periods with variable integration time which can enlarge dynamic range of ambient light sensing circuit. Temperature dependent characteristic of p-intrinsic-metal (p-i-m) diode can be compensated using the proposed driving method.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.337-345
• /
• 2020

In this paper, an efficient signal tracking method to simultaneously track both GPS L1 C/A and Galileo E1B CBOC(6,1,1/11) using a low cost GPU is proposed. In the existing method that each GNSS signal is processed within 1 ms, more than 2 ms processing time is required in GPU to process 4 ms CBOC signal. It means that real time operation is possible if only Galileo E1B CBOC signal is concerned. But when both GPS C/A and Galileo CBOC is required, it cannot process GPS C/A signal in real time. To process 1 ms GPS C/A and 4 ms Galileo CBOC signal in real time, 4 ms Galileo CBOC signal is divided into 4 by 1 ms signal block in the proposed method. Specially, a buffer that simultaneously manages 1 ms and 4 ms signals is designed. In addition, a module that accumulates the 1 ms correlation value of the Galileo CBOC by 4 ms and passes it to the PLL and DLL is implemented. The operation and performance are evaluated with real measurements in the GPU based SDR. The experimental results show that tracking of more than 16 satellites of GPS C/A and Galileo E1B is possible using the proposed method.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the method of using coraco-clavicular (C-C) sling with modified Phemister operation by postoperative clinical results, radiologic analysis and complications. Materials and Methods: 33 patients of acromioclavicular joint dislocation were included in this study. Thirteen patients were treated with simple C-C sling method and twenty patients were treated with modified Phemister operation. The assesment of clinical and radiological evaluation were performed and the final results were examined by using the Weitzman's classification. Results: In the final result of C-C sling method group, forward elevation $161^{\circ}$, external rotation $70^{\circ}$, internal rotation T8 level, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 83.3 points were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, forward elevation $155^{\circ}$, external rotation $67^{\circ}$, internal rotation T6 level, VAS 83.8 points were checked. In coracoclavicular distance of C-C sling method group, pre-operation 12.82 mm and last follow up 8.37 mm were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, pre-operation 12.8 mm and last follow up 7.7 mm were checked. In functional evaluation by the Weitzman criteria, C-C sling group had excellent 8, good 1, fair 1 and modified Phemister group had excellent 13, good 4, fair 3. Conclusion: C-C sling method would be the better than the Modified Phemister operation because of short operation time and smaller skin incision.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.382-390
• /
• 2002

This paper deals with planning of order-picking warehouse considering the batch order picking for transportation equipments to pick consumers' orders at a time among order-picking methods and a systematic approach method in order to analyze the order-picking warehouse which can perform optimal operation. To estimate an operating time of transportation equipments to carry out order-picking, this paper suggests three operations : first, to design the refrigerated warehouse using warehouse design parameters, second, to calculate the travel time of transporters considering four types of times with the probabilistic picking frequency, and third, to analyze an order-picking warehouse to construct a simulation model with the AutoMod as a simulation tool. We apply this model to a refrigerated warehouse company in Busan.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.1-25
• /
• 1999

There is a worldwide trend to automate the handling operations in port container terminals in an effort to improve productivity and reduce labor cost. This study iscusses how to apply an AGV(automated guided vehicle) system to the handling of containers in the yard of a port container ter-minal. The main issue of this paper is how to assign tasks of container delivery to AGVs during ship operations in an automated port container terminal. A dual-cycle operation is assumed in which the loading and the discharging operation can be performed alternately. Mixed integer linear program-ming formulations are suggested for the dispatching problem. The completion time of all the dis-charging and loading operations by a quayside crane is minimized, and the minimization of the total travel time of AGVs is also considered as a secondary objective. A heuristic method using useful properties of the dispatching problem is suggested to reduce the computational time. The perfor-mance of the heuristic algorithm is evaluated in light of solution quality and computation time.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 1996

A diagnosis system which can monitor tool breakage and chipping in real time was developed using a DSP(Digital Signal Processor) board in face milling operation. AR modelling and band energy method were used to extract the feature of tool states from cutting force signals. Artificial neural network embedded on DSP board discriminates different patterns from features got after signal processing. The features extracted from AR modelling are more accurate for the malfunction of a process than those from band energy method, even though the computing speed of the former is slow. From the processed features, we can construct the real time diagnosis system which monitors malfunction by using a DSP board having a parallel processing capability.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 2001

A new method of switching mode in AFLC cell is proposed for faster switching time and higher contrast ratio. In this mode the ″dark″ state is obtained by applying negative full voltage while the ″bright″ state is achieved by applying positive full voltage to the cell. The switching time is reduced to 100 $mutextrm{s}$ for the cell whose switching time is 22 ms when operated in conventional mode. The contrast ratio is also improved vastly with this method. The possibility of achieving gray scale was shown in this mode of operation.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.262-268
• /
• 2020

The IMO (International Maritime Organization) has mandated the restriction of SOx emissions to 0.5 % for all international sailing vessels since January 2020. And, a number of countries have designated emission control areas for stricter environmental regulations. Three representative methods have been suggested to cope with these regulations; using low-sulphur oil, installing a scrubber, or using LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) as fuel. In this paper, economic analysis was performed by comparing the method of installing a scrubber with the method of using low-sulphur oil without installing additional equipment. We suggested plausible layouts and compared the pros and cons of dif erent scrubber types for retrofitting. We selected an international sailing ship as the target vessel and estimated payback time and benefits based on navigation route, fuel consumption, and installation and operation costs. Two case of oil prices were analyzed considering the uncertainty of fuel oil price fluctuation. We found that the expected payback time of investment varies from 1 year to 3.5 years depending on the operation ratio of emission control areas and the fuel oil price change.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.63-77
• /
• 1974

가장 복잡한 반응기구를 갖은 효소반응의 예로서, 생성물에 의한 비길항 및 길항 2중조해를 입는 효소반응의 경우에 대하여 연속효소반응장치의 반응 조작을 Pontryagin의 연속형최대원리에 의하여 연구하여 얻은 최적설계법을 보고하였다. 설계예로서 유두영 등의 보문에 발표된 반응속도에 관한 data를 사용하여 합성 Penicilline의 중간체인 6-APA 합성반응공정의 경우를 다루었다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2017

Companies are reluctant to disclose information because of trade secret and corporate identity For the same reasons, logistics companies do not want to operate in the form of a community In urban areas, the loading of vehicles is 100% as the quantity of goods transported is too much. In mountain areas, however, the load condition of the vehicle is not 100% because of the low quantity of goods transported Therefore, the transportation costs will increase as the cost of transport increase, the competitiveness of firms will also decline In this paper, we studied a simulation to measure driving time and volume of cargo according to the change of the quantity of goods transported in the mountain area According to the research results, we got a conclusion that the proposed method makes the operation time be less and the volume of cargo increase compared with the existing operation method.