• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.95-96
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 위성항법시스템의 백업 PNT 시스템으로 각광받고 있는 eLoran 시스템의 기술개발 현황과 그 성능 커버리지 예측 분석에 대해 중점적으로 다룬다. eLoran 서비스 시범운영을 위한 테스트베드 구축현황과 eLoran 송신국 시스템, 보정기준국 시스템, 통합운영 제어시스템, 그리고 사용자를 위한 eLoran/GNSS 통합수신기의 개발현황에 대해 설명한다. eLoran 테스트베드 구축을 통한 시범운영을 위해서, 시험송신국 구축을 위한 계획 및 지상파 기반의 백업 PNT 서비스를 향한 향후 계획에 대해 논의한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2019

In 2001, about 20 years after the introduction of the standard buoys, the natural environment and maritime traffic flow changes in the waters near Korea and the necessity of improvement of the AtoN (Aids to Navigation) maintenance was suggested. The IALA provides guidelines for maintenance and management of AtoN, and Korea provides guidelines for the management and operation of standard buoys by means of the Enforcement on the AtoN laws. The objective of this study was to investigate the installation status and the repair status of the standard type buoys by sea area in order to improve the management and operation of the steel standard buoys. In addition, a survey was conducted on the improvement of the steel buoy fouling and the improvement of the lifting inspection cycle towards on the AtoN managers and producers of the representative authority by sea area. In the case of LL-26 (M) buoy type, the standard type buoy installation status of Korea in 2017 was 57.1%, and the LL-26 (M) type was 58.9% showing the highest repair rate. According to the results of the survey on buoys fouling, 51.2% were caused by the attachment of shellfish, and 43.2% were caused by bird feces. The results of the survey on the improvement of the regular buoy inspection cycle showed that the measures are to maintain the current inspection period of 2 years regardless of the characteristics of the sea area (water depth, inside and outside port, buoy size, etc.).

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2019

Objective: This study analyzed the status of the application of trade secrets in MSDSs according to size and type of industry. The contents of the MSDS non-public approval policy are summarized. We suggest proactive improvement requirements related to the operation of the MSDS non-public approval policy. Methods: To review this subject, we selected 153 manufacturers and six importers in such fields as organic chemical production. The trade secrets application status and ratio (%) of MSDSs by industry size and industry classification were investigated. Improvements toward a proactive system related to the operation of the MSDS non-public approval policy under the Occupational Safety and Health Act(OSHA) were summarized. Results and Conclusions: According to the results, the trade secret ratio in MSDSs by industry size was 33% in workplaces with less than 50 employees, 23.1% in workplaces with more than 50 but less than 100 workers, 73% in workplaces with more than 100 workers, and 83.4% in workplaces with 300 or more workers. For the trade secret writing rate for MSDSs by industry, the highest was MOCCP (Manufacture of ink, paint, coating and similar products) at 80.9%. MOC (Manufacture of other chemicals) was the lowest at 16.2%. We propose four proactive efforts to minimize the administrative burden of implementation of the MSDS non-public approval policy. The results of this study can be used as basic data for policy improvements to make more effective use of MSDS.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.517-525
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• 2020

Background: The study was planned to show the status of indoor microorganisms and the status of the reduction device in the military dog clinic. Methods: Airborne microbes were analyzed according to the number of daily patient canines. For identification of bacteria, sampled bacteria was identified using VITEK^®2 and molecular method. The status of indoor microorganisms according to the operation of the ventilation system was analyzed. Results: Airborne bacteria and fungi concentrations were 1000.6 ± 800.7 CFU/m³ and 324.7 ± 245.8 CFU/m³. In the analysis using automated identification system, based on fluorescence biochemical test, VITEK^®2, mainly human pathogenic bacteria were identified. The three most frequently isolated genera were Kocuria (26.6%), Staphylococcus (24.48%), and Granulicatella (12.7%). The results analyzed by molecular method were detected in the order of Kocuria (22.6%), followed by Macrococcus (18.1%), Glutamicibacter (11.1%), and so on. When the ventilation system was operated appropriately, the airborne bacteria and fungi level were significantly decreased. Conclusion: Airborne bacteria in the clinic tend to increase with the number of canines. Human pathogenic bacteria were mainly detected in VITEK^®2, and relatively various bacteria were detected in molecular analysis. A decrease in the level of bacteria and fungi was observed with proper operation of the ventilation system.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.67-84
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• 2022

This study aimed to explore the status of food service outsourcing behavior of long-term care institutions (LTCIs) through a cross-sectional survey using a questionnaire administered between July 16th and August 7th, 2020. The survey respondents were either dietitians or facility managers, who worked at 731 nursing homes, 477 group homes, and 673 day-care centers. Approximately 25.9% of nursing homes, 11.7% of group homes, and 33.1% of day-care centers used a managed-services company to operate their food service units. The main reason for outsourcing food service by nursing homes was related to the staffing of dietitians and cooks, whereas group homes and day-care centers outsourced food services due to factors relating to meal costs and the cooking process. Almost all the LTCIs entered into private contracts for outsourced food services. Only a few food service contracts included the types of meals, nutrition standards such as protein and calories per meal, and the parameter or ratio of food cost. Of the respondents, 84.5% from nursing homes, 87.5% from group homes, and 87.1% from day-care centers agreed that the quality of outsourced food services of the LTCIs should be regulated. Meals are essential for maintaining the health and functional status of LTCI users. As more LTCIs outsource their food services, we suggest the following: (1) Increasing the minimum dietitian staffing standards for LTCIs as per the Welfare of Senior Citizens Act and requiring at least one dietitian for every nursing home, (2) Making it mandatory to use a standard food service contract template when drafting food service contract, and (3) Developing realistic standards for food service operations considering the size and operation type of the LTCIs.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.59-79
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• 2022

Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) do not fully remove micropollutants. Enhanced treatment of sewage effluents is being considered or implemented in some countries to minimize the discharge of problematic micropollutants from WWTPs. Representative enhanced sewage treatment technologies for micropollutant removal were reviewed, including their current status of research and development. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as ozonation and UV/H₂O₂ and adsorption processes using powdered (PAC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) were mainly discussed with focusing on process principles for the micropollutant removal, effect of process operation and water matrix factors, and technical and economic feasibility. Pilot- and full-scale studies have shown that ozonation, PAC, and GAC can achieve significant elimination of various micropollutants at economically feasible costs(0.16-0.29 €/m³). Considering the current status of domestic WWTPs, ozonation and PAC were found to be the most feasible options for the enhanced sewage effluent treatment. Although ozonation and PAC are all mature technologies, a range of technical aspects should be considered for their successful application, such as energy consumption, CO₂ emission, byproduct or waste generation, and ease of system construction/operation/maintenance. More feasibility studies considering domestic wastewater characteristics and WWTP conditions are required to apply ozonation or PAC/GAC adsorption process to enhance sewage effluent treatment in Korea.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.49-74
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• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 공공도서관의 노인 대상 디지털 리터러시 프로그램의 운영 현황을 조사하고 프로그램을 담당하고 있는 사서의 인식을 파악하여 국내 공공도서관의 노인 대상 디지털 리터러시 프로그램의 개선방안을 제시하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 첫째 전국 157개 공공도서관의 디지털 리터러시 프로그램 현황을 조사·분석하였고, 둘째 국외 공공도서관의 노인 디지털 리터러시 프로그램 사례를 조사하였고, 셋째 국내 공공도서관 프로그램 담당 사서 92명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이 연구에서는 연구 결과를 토대로 공공도서관 노인 디지털 리터러시 프로그램의 개선방안을 운영요소와 내용요소로 나누어 제안하였다. 이 연구는 향후 국내 공공도서관에서 노인 디지털 리터러시 프로그램을 운영하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 우주기술과 응용
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.280-300
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• 2023

본 논문은 한국항공우주연구원에서 운영 중인 우주물체 충돌위험 관리시스템의 개발 및 운영 현황을 포함하고 있다. 현재 저궤도위성 6기, 정지궤도위성 3기에 대해 24시간 충돌위험을 모니터링하고 있으며, 필요 시 충돌회피기동을 통해 충돌위험을 완화하여 안전하고 안정적으로 운영하고 있다. 2007년 중국의 자국위성 요격실험 이후 본격적으로 우주물체와 운영위성 간 충돌위험을 모니터링하고 있으며, 신속하고 효율적으로 상황에 대처하기 위해 다양한 충돌위험 관리시스템을 개발해왔다. 본 논문에서는 2007년 이후 현재까지 개발된 우주물체 충돌위험 관리시스템에 대한 소개, 현재 지구주변의 인공우주물체 현황, 현재 운영 중인 시스템에 대해 기술하였으며, 나아가 앞으로의 전망과 향후 계획에 대해 소개하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the difference between sutured anastomosis and stapler anastomosis (open lumina technique) of jejunum in dogs. Fifteen mongrel-breed female dogs weighting 4 to 6 kgs were allocated to three groups; sutured end-to-end anastomosis (Group I), sutured side-to-side anastomosis (Group II) and stapler anastomosis (Group III), five dogs per each group. All dogs in different anastomosis pattern were compared with time for total operation and suture elapsed for intestines to anastomose, clinical signs, status of feces, complications for 14 days after operation. The total operation time and suture time needed for intestinal anastomosis were significantly(p<0.05) shorter in Group III than Group I and II. All dogs showed no significant difference in vitality, appetite, vomiting between groups for 14 days after operation. All dogs, except one dog in Group II, showed normal vitality and appetite since 7-8 days after operation. Initial return of fecal passage showed in all dogs 8 days after operation and thereafter normal feces were observed in most of the dogs. According to results, all dogs with normal vitality and appetite for 8 days showed good prognosis. In complications after operation, only one dog in Group II showed dehiscence of anastomotic site. There was significant(p<0.05) differences between groups in speed of operation. And all dogs, except one dog in Group II, showed good clinical condition and prognosis. In conclusion, the stapler anastomosis is considered to be more reliable, faster, and precision method compared to the sutured anastomosis for intestinal anastomosis in dogs.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2012

Robot related injuries in industrial accidents statistics during 2008~2010 have accounted for a total of 109 cases equivalent to 30~40 cases for each of those years. The number of injured compared to the dissemination of industrial robots(51,302 units/2004) can be regarded as quite low. However, the fatal injuries sustained by 7 (6.4%) out of 109 cases paints the stark reality of robot-related accident fatalities. It is a sad probability that as the automation process expands its use of industrial robots which have increased significantly in demand, the incidence of workplace accidents will also increase. Therefore, the incidence of accidents throughout the period of 2008~2010 has been analysed to prevent the injuries due to the increased use of industrial robots. In the analysis, the injuries occurred during the industrial robot operation accounted for 45.9% of the entire accidents. Thus, we examined the present status of the industrial robot operation to analyze the root cause of accidents occurred in our studied time period. We looked at a total of 469 workplaces. 456 workplaces responded in the year 2009 and survey studies were implemented at 13 of the 29 workplaces where work injuries were sustained in the year 2010. Even where protective measures and interlock devices were in place, our studies indicated that workers could access the robot area to perform the tasks in 188 sites(40.1%). Also, the 143 sites(30.5%) had control measures and equipment located in the safety fence. In addition, the robots found at 164 sites(35.0%) could be restarted without additional restarting operation. These three causes accounted for most of the workplace injuries during the industrial robot operations. Futhermore, we confirmed the fact that the protective measures of the current safety regulations were not strictly enforced. Based upon our studies and the investigation of the present status of the industrial robot operation, higher standards in training and supervision of workers in the robot operation must quickly be met in order to prevent these industrial injuries.