• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.254.2-254.2
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• 2014

The Transmission Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of SiOx charge storage layer with the richest silicon content showed an assignment at peaks around 2000~2300 cm-1. It indicated that the existence of many silicon phases and defect sources in the matrix of the SiOx films. The total hysteresis width is the sum of the flat band voltage shift (${\Delta}VFB$) due to electron and hole charging. At the range voltage sweep of ${\pm}15V$, the ${\Delta}VFB$ values increase of 0.57 V, 1.71 V, and 13.56 V with 1/2, 2/1, and 6/1 samples, respectively. When we increase the gas ratio of SiH4/N2O, a lot of defects appeared in charge storage layer, more electrons and holes are charged and the memory window also increases. The best retention are obtained at sample with the ratio SiH4/N2O=6/1 with 82.31% (3.49V) after 103s and 70.75% after 10 years. The high charge storage in 6/1 device could arise from the large amount of silicon phases and defect sources in the storage material with SiOx material. Therefore, in the programming/erasing (P/E) process, the Si-rich SiOx charge-trapping layer with SiH4/N2O gas flow ratio=6/1 easily grasps electrons and holds them, and hence, increases the P/E speed and the memory window. This is very useful for a trapping layer, especially in the low-voltage operation of non-volatile memory devices.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.278-285
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• 2015

Purpose: Gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs) located very close to the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) are a challenge for gastric surgeons. Therefore, this study reports on the experience of using endoscopic and laparoscopic full-thickness resection (ELFR) with laparoscopic two-layer suturing in such tumors. Materials and Methods: Six patients with gastric SMTs very close to the EGJ underwent ELFR with laparoscopic two-layer suturing at Kyungpook National University Medical Center. With the patient under general anesthesia, the lesser curvature and posterior aspect adjacent to the EGJ were meticulously dissected and visualized using a laparoscopic approach. A partially circumferential full-thickness incision at the distal margin of the tumor was then made using an endoscopic approach under laparoscopic guidance. The SMT was resected using laparoscopic ultrasonic shears, and the gastric wall was closed using two-layer suturing. Thereafter, the patency and any leakage were checked through endoscopy. Results: All the ELFR procedures with laparoscopic two-layer suturing were performed successfully without an open conversion. The mean operation time was $139.2{\pm}30.9$ minutes and the blood loss was too minimal to be measured. The tumors from four patients were leiomyomas, while the tumors from the other two patients were gastrointestinal stromal tumors with clear resection margins. All the patients started oral intake on the third postoperative day. There was no morbidity or mortality. The mean hospital stay was $7.7{\pm}0.8$ days. Conclusions: ELFR with laparoscopic two-layer suturing is a safe treatment option for patients with an SMT close to the EGJ, as major resection of the stomach is avoided.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1001-1008
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• 2017

Because cyber attacks on industrial control systems can lead to massive financial loss or loss of lives, the standardization and the research on cyber security of industrial control systems are actively under way. As a related system, the industrial control system of social infrastructures must be equipped with the verified cryptographic module according to the e-government law and appropriate security control should be implemented in accordance with the security requirements of the industrial control system. However, the industrial control system consisting of the operation layer, the control layer, and the field device layer may cause a problem in performing the main function in each layer due to the security control implementation. In this paper, we propose things to check when performing security control in accordance with the security control requirements for each layer of the industrial control system and proper application.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.185-192
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• 2022

Multimodal medical image fusion (MMIF) fuses two images containing different structural details generated in two different modes into a comprehensive image with saturated information, which can help doctors improve the accuracy of observation and treatment of patients' diseases. Therefore, a method based on double-layer decomposer and fine structure preservation model is proposed. Firstly, a double-layer decomposer is applied to decompose the source images into the energy layers and structure layers, which can preserve details well. Secondly, The structure layer is processed by combining the structure tensor operator (STO) and max-abs. As for the energy layers, a fine structure preservation model is proposed to guide the fusion, further improving the image quality. Finally, the fused image can be achieved by performing an addition operation between the two sub-fused images formed through the fusion rules. Experiments manifest that our method has excellent performance compared with several typical fusion methods.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.335-340
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• 2013

This paper has designed and realized educational ZigBee equipment befitting to the USN environment. In addition, this study has enabled users to exercise operation process for software technology education and to propose software design methods in the process in the USN environment through practice equipment for ZigBee education. As for the development environment of system, Atmega128 process of Atmel is used for CPU; AVR compiler for the debugging environment; C language for firmware development language; and C++ for application program. The system operation process is initiated by coordinator's sensing information reading order from the hyper terminal through a server through the Internet or directly connected; and then delivering it to a terminating device by using ZigBee technology. The terminating device delivers various sensing information to the coordinator which delivers it to a server through the Internet or to a HYPER terminal directly connected to the coordinator. As for the educational course, it is about practices on such ZigBee operation process and relevant programing skills. Regarding it, the communication between coordinator and terminating device is designed by utilizing physical layer of ZigBee protocol, MAC layer and network layer while the communication between server and coordinator is designed by proposing an independent protocol on TCP/IP socket and the protocol processing procedure during sensing data delivery is verified by interpretation.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.645-653
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• 2016

This paper demonstrates the performance of a metal-substrate power module with multiple fabricated chips for a high current electrical application, and evaluates the proposed module using a 1.5-kW sinusoidal brushless direct current (BLDC) motor. Specifically, the power module has a hybrid structure employing a single-layer heat-sink extensible metal board (Al board). A fabricated motor driver IC and trench gate DMOSFET (TDMOSFET) are implemented on the Al board, and the proper heat-sink size was designed under the operating conditions. The fabricated motor driver IC mainly operates as a speed controller under various load conditions, and as a multi-phase gate driver using an N-ch silicon MOSFET high-side drive scheme. A fabricated power TDMOSFET is also included in the fabricated power module for three-phase inverter operation. Using this proposed module, a BLDC motor is operated and evaluated under various pulse load tests, and our module is compared with a commercial MOSFET module in terms of the system efficiency and input current.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.192-200
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• 1999

위성의 전지는 위성의 수명과 직접적인 영향을 갖고 있으며 이것의 정상동작여부에 따라 위성의 안정적인 임무수행여부가 결정된다. 상대적으로 일반화된 셀 모델링의 최근 개발은 NiH2셀의 동특성을 시뮬레이션 하기 위한 기본적인 원리에 기반을 둔 접근방식이다. 그러나 이러한 일반적인 방정식을 통해 비선형성과 전력상태를 포함하는 전지 특성을 예측하는 것은 사실상 불가능하다. 본 연구에서는 다층신경회로망을 이용하여 비선형 특성를 갖는 니켈-하이드로진 전지 특성을 모델링 하였으며, 모델링된 상수값은 위성의 식시간 동안의 전지 전력상태 분석을 위해 사용되었다. 모델링 결과의 정확성을 확인하기 위해 니켈-하이드로진 전지시험결과 분석자료와 비교 검토 되었다. 전지 동작모드는 정상동작모드와 실패모드로 나누어 분석되었다. 정상동작모드는 위성의 식시간 동안 아크젯 동작 여부에 의해 각각 분석되었으며, 또한 태양전지와 배터리 셀 일부의 고장으로 인한 실패모드에서의 전지전력상태가 분석되었다.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.993-999
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• 2007

This paper discusses the effects of CD type superconducting cable operation in 22.9kV multi neutral grounded distribution system during L-G fault and counterplans to power system protection. In case of using the 3-phase CD-type superconducting cable, the inductance of superconducting cable system would be decreased due to the current of shield part of superconducting cable, which is opposite direction and nearly equal value with respect to main superconductor. However, when the shield circuit system is operated in shorted state, shield current decreases faulted ground current and give effects to power system protection scheme. This study examines the phenomena of single line to ground fault case in above mentioned system using the EMTDC program and discusses the right operation method of superconducting shield.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.480-482
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• 2008

A novel InGaAsP/InP buried-ridge waveguide laser diode structure is proposed and demonstrated for use as a single-mode laser. The lateral mode of the proposed device can be controlled by adjusting the composition and thickness of the InGaAsP layer grown over the active region. Stable single-mode operation without kinks or beam-steering is achieved successfully with lateral and transverse in the junction plane even for the device with the ridge width of 9 ${\mu}m$ up to an injection current of 500 mA.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.196-201
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• 2004

Adhesive joints have been widely used for fastening thin adherends because they can distribute the load over a larger area than mechanical joints, require no hole, add very little weight to the structure and have superior fatigue resistance. However, the fatigue characteristics of adhesive joints are much affected by applied pressure during curing operation because actual curing temperature is changed by applied pressure and the adhesion characteristics of adhesives are very sensitive to manufacturing conditions. In this study, cure monitoring and torsional fatigue tests of adhesive joints with an epoxy adhesive were performed in order to investigate the effects of the applied pressure during curing operation. From the experiments, it was found that the actual curing temperature increased as the applied pressure increased, which increased residual thermal stress in the adhesive layer. Therefore, the fatigue life decreased as the applied pressure increased because the mean stress during fatigue tests increased due to the residual thermal stress.