• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.87-99
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• 2009

This research is an introductory study that hopes to interpret the cultural scenic landscape by analyzing Korea's mountains, streams, topography, color, light, human behavior, and more based on real landscape paintings. It places its purpose on understanding our intrinsic cultural scenic landscape by investigating the changed topography and the differing life patterns caused bythe active national land development after the modern era. With Seoul, which is now difficult to find images of its past, and the surrounding areas of the Han riverbed, the interpretation related to its original topography, landscape, climate, weather, and human behaviors was observed while the main focus was placed on the climate of the perception held by people regarding Mt. Geumgang and other ranges which are not fully opened to the public yet. In order to comprehensively analyze the figures of features and appearing landscapes including color, light, and more, it was described through the concept called climate. Hereupon, the real landscape paintings by Gyunjae(Jeong-Seon), mainly bearing features of existing Korean mountains, wereutilized as visual historical material. However, not having all his works, other pieces with representative characteristics were utilized such as "Gyeong-Gyo-Myeong-Seung-Chup(a painting with picturesque sceneries around old Seoul)" and "Hae-Ak-Jeon-Shin-Chup(a landscape painting including even the spirits of the seas and mountains)" which contain the regions' distinct scenery. As a result, the old cultural scenic landscapes of Korea are regarded as containing diverse mountains and where the conceptions of the treatment of mountains were reflected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.77-87
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the physical form of planting foundation of the parks and green spaces in the waterside of Korea and classified them into groups showing common features. It was clssified into 7 kinds of parks and green spaces of 27 waterside parks in Korea including landscape, ecology, art, shields, site boundaries, windbreaks, and soundproofing. As a result, the study was carried out on the detailed type and size estimation through the sampling survey of planting foundation of landscape and ecological type mounding which can be statistically analyzed. Landscape and ecological mounding have the characteristics of securing the ecological stability of the waterside planting areas and the diversity of planting landscape. It is possible to create a green landscape through various terrain changes such as enclosing, focusing, and panoramic view. The physical characteristics of ecological and landscape type mounding can be expressed as height, width, and length And physical data can appear in various forms and sizes depending on the purpose and function of the buffer effect of the land use in the waterside planting areas, the landscape creation, the ecological buffer. In this study, the range of the physical scale for landscape and ecological mounding of waterside parks and green spaces was calculated. The range of the mounding height was analyzed to be less than 1.25m and more than 1.25m and the average height was 0.74~1.08m and 1.75~2.75m respectively. In addition, the range of width of mounding was less than 6.13m, 6.13~17.5m, and more than 17.5m, and the average width of each was 3.45~4.95m, 7.05~10.85m and 31.54~51.54m respectively. The range for the length of mounding was less than 50m, 50~500m, and more than 500m. The mean length of each mounding was 34.0m, 116.3m and 955.8m. It is difficult to distinguish the difference between the waterside planting areas and the urban greenery in the purpose and function of landscape and ecological mounding. However, considering the average distance of 60m from the waterside and the average height of 1.26m, we can conclud that opened planting foundation is prefered to high mounding designs in waterside planting areas. It is expected that the results presented for the improvement of the logical and spatial value of the waterside parks and green areas planting foundation design can be served as the basic data helpful for practical application in landscape architecture planning and design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.67-75
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• 2014

Architecture is not only coming out of the making of a building room but also contributing to the making of an urban room. "The inside is not a contradiction of the outside...architecturally opened". (De Carli, 1967) The urban room is felt as a sense of rapport between building and city because architecture makes the building room closed simultaneously open toward the city. Architecture exists between both rooms. There is the possibility of integrating, by the conception of interior, architecture and urbanism and thus, the possibility of giving a theoretical ground to Interior Architecture/Design; "all architecture is interior architecture". (Ottolini, 1996) It is in line with the idea of the "Fusing: Landscape/Urbanism/Architecture". (Holl, 2009) The paper deals with, through literature review, a possibility of the fusing: Interior/Architecture/Landscape/Urbanism. The first site explores the meaning of the urban place as a thing, which gives a possibility of combining the building interior and the urban interior. The second site illustrates the idea of the urban interior for dwelling. The urban interior is definitely a place of dwelling to keep human inhabitancy, which takes place in a united interior of the building interior and the urban interior. The third site clarifies the idea of the urban interior. While the building interior gives human being with the private stage, the urban interior provides him with the public stage of city life. The two different interiors constitute an interior world for his trajectory of dwelling. The last site traces the conceptual development of the urban interior. The trace comes to a conclusion that architecture, landscape, and urbanism can be unified by the conception of interior and the urban interior is an object of "Interior Architecture/Design". This paper is theorized as a twofold singular of the building interior and the urban interior. Ultimately, it is relevant to the theoretical principle of fusing interior/architecture/landscape/urbanism, and aims at offering a departing point to consider the urban interior as an object of "Interior Architecture/Design" and for the future studies of the urban interior.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.1 s.114
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• pp.69-80
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to analyze the meanings of urban spaces which are the background of the Korean films, and to capture the interactions of ordinary culture and urban spaces. By reading urban spaces through films, it is possible to understand the variety of experiences that are hardly captured with direct eyes, specific and vivid urban images, and various events formed by the interactions of spaces and people. The scope of the study is the urban spaces revealed in Korean films portraying cities after the 1960's as their settings, and the total of 18 films was selected with every $4{\sim}5$ films for each time stage. With the selected films, analytical meanings were developed with considering three aspects; 1) phylogenetic meaning that simply reflects social-cultural and historical background, 2) the outer strum meaning that concerns the situation of special background and film scene, and 3) metaphorical and metanymic meaning on films. According to the appearance frequency, spatial backgrounds of film scenes are mainly alleys, main streets, railroad, loft, and riverside. And then the connection between spaces and meaning clusters was grasped, and reflected meanings were derived for every spaces. And the meaning of urban space in films was analyzed based on the meaning of developments and outer stratum. The fundamental characteristics and feelings of people in media such as films are more emphasized than in real world. Urban space is not considered as a simple visible shell, but is recognized as 'a real situation' created by people. The intension of this study was to open the possibility of the various views of urban spaces. The construction of the urban space should be approached from a perspective of creating new places at where the space and human beings interact with considerations of stories of various human lives. I hope new vistas can be opened up for the research subjects and methodologies about the hereafter study of urban spaces through the mutual communications with various adjacent regions including films.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.86-100
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• 2020

This study is the result of a design proposal to create a history and culture complex for the "Gungjip," an Important Folklore Cultural Heritage, and its surroundings located in Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province. In particular, the purpose is to introduce a new design approach to a historical and cultural complex consisting of the Gungjip House and Hanok annexes to be opened to the public in the future; and to provide its implications for future study. Although the architectural condition of Gungjip House is well preserved, several problems have been found in the use of the site as a public space due to the lack of a plan for systematic space experience, lack of specific spatial programs, and the too much shade due to uncontrolled green areas, etc. Therefore, the plan presented in this study largely sought to respect the meaning of historical landscape as a public space and to balance with the contemporary needs. The design strategies derived through basic research are to strengthen the sense of place as a cultural heritage; to respect the ecological characteristics of the site and visual harmony with the surrounding environment; and to suggest spatial programs suitable for the contemporary needs. Based on these strategies, the framework for the entire space is conceptually composed of four spaces; Oewon, Ganjeong, Jujeong, and Huwon, and proposes systematical land use and landscape experience. The main feature of this plan is the landscape approach, which aims to preserve the architectural cultural assets in their original form, but to create a reasonable land use and meaningful landscape experience based on the sense of place.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.29-43
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• 1995

In this study on the creation of parks in North Korea, which is closely re]toted to the developmental stages in North Korea, park construction plans are investigated according to the following periods: 1) from the Liberation of Korea in 1945 to the outbreak of the Korean War, 2) from the end of the Korean War to the 1950's, 3) 1960's and 4) 1970's and 1980's Major North Korean parks are also presented and common characteristics of park-making in North Korea are analyzed in the following way : 1) the character and function of the parks, 2) the development of landscaping, 3) the creation of unique North Korean parks. This study was conducted through archival research of North Korean documents and it may be limited due to the intrinsic problem of reliability that the documents have, and also to an impossoble on-the-spot survey. However this study is of value because it presents North Korean parks, as yet unpublished in South Korea, and it can be used as valuable information for further study and especially for the planning of parks and green space system in preparation for a probable unified Korea. For a profound stuffy, broader and more accurately detailed North Korean documents must be obtained and opened to the public. A comparative study on the principles of spatial composition and design elements of the parka in South and North Korea mutt also be conducted so as to find a model for the Korean park for a future unified Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.103-117
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• 2013

This research analyzed the spatial components and establishment of the Tap-gol Park according to the plans between 1897 to 1916 when the discussions on the construction of the park began and it was accomplished as an urban park. The results are as follows. The establishment of Tap-gol Park can be divided by three period. Firstly, Tap-gol Park was owned by the royal family from 1987 to 1904. The discussions on construction of Tap-gol Park as a first urban park of Gyeongseong(京城) in 1897, and the private houses were tear down in order to secure land for the park in 1899. Gates and fences surrounding of Tap-gol Park were organized and it was opened in 1902 based on park plane of turtle - shaped. The octagonal pavilion for 'Lee-Wang-Jik musical band(李王職音樂隊)' was relocated in the southwestern part of the park in 1903. Secondly, Tap-gol Park was used actively by the public between 1910 to 1913, because it was opened for individuals. Also The boundary of Park were changed by surrounding facilities and recreational facilities and benefits was complemented for users. Tap-gol park was opened at nighttime in August 1913. Tap-gol Park was used as a place of amusement park. Thirdly, commercial facilities were made as the park facility between 1914 to 1916. The purpose of 'Kkikdajeom(喫茶店)' was similar to the one of modern cafes. It was built as a typical Japanese tea-house with a small pond having an island and a bridge constructed inside. With the increase of usage of Tap-gol Park as a recreational area by the citizens in 1916, the pavilion as a rest area and toilet as amenities were supplemented. Superintendent's office was equipped too. Simple chairs made from the wooden logs were installed around greenhouse, concert hall, the Wongaksa Buddhist temple(圓覺寺址十層石塔), and the flower garden was fenced round. After the relocation of Yongsan music band to Tap-gol Park, the existing concert hall was demolished. The shape of the park which was seen from the pictures of the magazines of 1920s were achieved as early as 1916. The importance of this research includes the basis to revise the errors of the preexistence researches and value of historical material of the design plan reference of the park which was accomplished during the Japanese colonial era. Also this research is to study on the spatial components of the modern landscape architecture and parks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2023

Seoul Boramae Park was opened on May 5, 1986, after the Republic of Korea Air Force Academy relocated to Cheongju City in 1985. This study aims to examine the birth and evolution of Seoul Boramae Park and diagnose the park's value being transformed from the former site of the Air Force Academy. Policy reports and newspaper data were analyzed as a research method, focusing on Seoul public records. The study results are as follows. First, Seoul Boramae Park is a large-scale park created before the policy for parks on relocated sites we enacted. Second, Seoul Boramae Park has historical value as an urban park where memories and traces of the Air Force Academy overlap. Third, Seou Boramae Park contributed to regional change by promoting the public value of parks created on the relocated sites with an urban planning method. Seoul Boramae Park has implications for Korean landscape history as a case of securing large green areas in Seoul and presenting its function and roles as a park created on a relocated site.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.60-65
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• 2004

This dissertation is focalized on examining research on the actual condition and problem in the exit-space-form of Multiplex Cinema and mutual relation of user and finding more efficient and reasonable project method through valuation of design elements which the user can feel. In result, 4 place which is newly opened after 1990's is analyzed in Seoul. It is researched that Many user feel inconvenience and discomfort when they recognize exit-space. In order to improve itthey want to feel at ease naturally with light-embeded sign and landscape space. The exit-space should be recognized that it is a part of cinema which have to be developed and planed for the inner part of cinema and security of user. Not death-space.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2003

As the information society appears, the increasing power and access of personal computers along with wide spread use of the information technology has not only changed the landscape for communication but it has opened up new and exciting opportunities for education. One of the ways that information technology could help improve education is to be used in interactive communication to share the knowledge and experience of all the teachers as well as students. In this paper, the use and application of information communication technology[ICT] into mathematics classroom are described and showed several examples. furthermore, the web site design and developed for this study was introduced of the purpose of sharing the ideas about the knowledge and usage of the history of mathematics and examples of mathematical connections. The study suggests that enabling mathematics in incorporating of ICT by teachers and students requires more effort to be made in training teachers on the use and application of ICT into mathematics classroom.