• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2014

This paper studies the assortment optimization problem in online retailing by using a multinomial logit model in order to take consumer choice behavior into account. We focus on two unique features of online purchase behavior: first, there exists increased amount of uncertainty (e.g., size and color of merchandize) in online shopping as customers cannot experience merchandize directly. This uncertainty is captured by the scale parameter of a Gumbel distribution; second, online shopping entails unique shopping-related disutility (e.g., waiting time for delivery and security concerns) compared to offline shopping. This disutility is controlled by the changes in the observed part of utility function in our model. The impact of changes in uncertainty and disutility on the expected profit does not exhibit obvious structure: the expected profit may increase or decrease depending on the assortment. However, by analyzing the structure of the optimal assortment based on convexity property of the profit function, we show that the cardinality of the optimal assortment decreases and the maximum expected profit increases as uncertainty or disutility decreases. Therefore, our study suggests that it is important for managers of online retailing to reduce uncertainty and disutility involved in online purchase process.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors affecting attitudes and intentions toward online purchasing of millennials and gen z in Indonesia by considering distribution capabilities factors. Research design, data and methodology: This study used a non-probability sampling technique. The questionnaire was distributed through an online platform and obtained 225 respondents. The data acquired from the respondents used SPSS 23 and AMOSS 21 to process the Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results: The results of this study stated that attitudes and intentions toward online purchases were influenced by delivery speed and trust. The results also stated that the perception of web quality positively influenced trust. On the other hand, shipping tracking, people's importance to consumers, and online reviews had no significant effects on online purchasing attitudes. Conclusions: This research has made an essential contribution to increasing and expanding our understanding of factors that affect attitudes and intentions toward online shopping in a developing market, Indonesia. From a practical perspective, this research examined the integrated consumer model of millennials and Gen Z online shopping in Indonesia that considers distribution capability, trust, and perceived website quality factors. Therefore, e-commerce business actors can design e-marketing strategies and programs to achieve the company's long-term goals.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.460-470
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• 2022

Customized cosmetics are emerging as a consumer product that companies should pay attention to in the beauty industry due to the combination of market trends and institutional introduction of customized cosmetics. In this study, six offline service brands and online service brands currently in Korea were selected to understand the current status of domestic customized cosmetics online and offline services and to derive detailed characteristics, and the cases of each brand were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, customized cosmetics services could be classified online and offline. Second, customized cosmetics brands could be divided into general brand types and brand extension types. Third, skin data measurements could be classified into genetic analysis, big data-based surveys, and device measurements. Fourth, customized cosmetics manufacturing could be classified into a device manufacturing system, a consultant manufacturing system, and an individual production process system. Fifth, customized cosmetics distribution and delivery could be classified into same-day sales, general delivery, and regular delivery. The results of this study are meaningful in that they have identified and analyzed the current status of personalized cosmetics on-line and offline systems in recent trends, and it was confirmed that creative attempts in the domestic customized cosmetics market continue to change. It is hoped that this study will provide information and ideas to the beauty industry and related experts in the future and be used as basic data for customized cosmetics marketing

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.429-432
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• 2008

Drug delivery systems (DDS) have entered mainstream in the pharmaceutical industry in the recent years. Major pharmaceutical companies as well as small or medium-sized biotechnology companies are developing various DDS-based products. We have established Drug Delivery System Company Database, which is an online searchable database of companies that develop DDS-based products and technologies or supply formulations and/or materials. Company summary, products and key technologies are listed in the database. DDS technology fields also include administration routes and indications of drugs. DDS terminologies, Statistical analysis, Useful Links, Glossary and Comments pages are also provided.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.354-380
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• 2022

This study proposed a novel model to investigate influential factors affecting the intention to continue using increasingly popular food delivery apps (FDAs). The proposed theoretical model is developed and validated to extend traditional technology acceptance and adoption theories by identifying several determinant factors that capture the unique context of FDAs continuous usage. Hypotheses were tested using a partial least square structural equation modeling approach (PLS-SEM) on data collected from 331 actual FDAs users during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results reveal that convenience, perceived compatibility, delivery experience, and online reviews significantly influence the continuous usage of FDAs. The findings also confirm the importance of continuous intention on the actual use of FDAs. The research model of this study explains 65% of variance in continuous intention and 47% in actual use. The insights provided by this study suggest fruitful directions for future research. They can also help FDAs companies, developers and marketers with strategies and tips for further development and growth by ensuring users' continuous usage of these platforms.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.267-287
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• 2013

As the online bookstore market has been saturated and the level of competition has become more intense, maintaining competitive advantage by mitigating consumers' perceived risks can be considered as one of good alternative strategies a company should use. Although studies that identify the types of consumers' perceived risks in the context of online bookstores as well as validate the relationships between perceived risk and its antecedent/consequent factors in an integrated manner are strongly required, there has been less attention paid to these matters. Therefore, based on previous literature, we identify five types of perceived risks (financial, performance, online payment, delivery, and seller's response risk) and validate the impacts of online bookstore specific characteristics and user specific characteristics on perceived risk. In addition, we also verify causal relationship between perceived risk and intention to use online bookstores. The results of PLS test using 108 samples collected from undergraduate and graduate students confirm that perceived risk has a negative impact on intention to use and four antecedents (reputation, service quality, self-efficacy, and user experience) are significantly related to perceived risk.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.111-134
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• 2008

As students can purchase textbooks online or from local bookstores, we proposed a model to study the predictors of textbook purchasing from online bookstores based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and technology acceptance model (TAM). The survey instrument consisted of 51 items to assess 10 constructs of the proposed model, where the items used to measure the constructs were adapted from previous literature. Pre-testing and pilot testing of the measures were conducted by selected users of online bookstores. Data were collected from 220 university students who have purchased and intend to purchase their textbooks from online bookstores. The findings of this research are summarized as follows. First, navigation, previous experience, and innovation have a significant impact on the buyer's perception of ease of use. Second, price and delivery services have a significant impact on the buyer's perception of usefulness. Third, the perception of ease of use also has a significant impact on the buyer's perception of usefulness. Fourth, the perception of ease of use, perception of usefulness, and subjective norms all significantly support the purchasing intention in the case of online bookstores.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.125-139
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• 2021

To explore college students' course satisfaction over the course of the semester during which a full-scale digital transformation was in progress due to COVID-19 pandemic, this study analyzed student survey data from a university located in the metropolitan area. To minimize the respondents' burden to answer long list of detailed questions in repetition, the study utilized a pulse survey method and students were asked to answer a brief and regular set of online questions 5 times throughout the semester. The number of survey respondents ranged from 1,640 to 4,116, with an average of more than 3,700. The main results and implications of this study are summarized as follows. First, the survey data indicated that the overall student satisfaction with online courses was above average (3.46/5). Vast majority of students have chosen pre-recorded, contents-based course over real-time, video-based course as their preferred course delivery method and this tendency remained the same throughout the semester. Second, the results of keyword network analysis of open-ended questions indicated that technical issues, increased workload (e.g., course assignments and course attendance) were main causes of online course dissatisfaction. And students suggested an unified online course platform and more interactive course design to further improve online courses in the future.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.389-417
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• 2023

Social distancing required the use of doorstep delivery for nearly all purchases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Foreign users in Korea are forced to participate in superfluous tasks, leading to an increase in their anxiety and fatigue while online shopping. This study examines how digital shadow work stemming from the language barrier can affect the emotions and behaviors of foreign shoppers that use Korean shopping sites. By interviewing 37 foreign users in Korea, this draft examined their experiences, behaviors, and emotional output, classifying them into 14 codes and seven categories. Using grounded theory, we found that online shoppers' emotions, feelings, experiences, and decision making may be changed in the stages of the pre-use, use, and post-use activities. User responses regarding shadow work and related obstacles can be seen with the continue, discontinue, and optional (occasional use) of Korean online shopping sites. Pleasure and satisfaction come from high efficiency and privileges, whereas anger and disappointment come from poor self-confidence and pessimism. Furthermore, buyer behavior and product orientation are identified as intervening conditions, while the online vs. offline shopping experiences are identified as contextual conditions. In conclusion, language barriers and other factors make online shopping difficult for foreign shoppers, which negatively affects their psychological mechanisms and buying behaviors. The implications from the study findings and future research are also discussed.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2015

Recently, food delivery apps are seeing rapid growth into a market worth 1 trillion won under a simple but unique business model of connecting nearby restaurants with consumers via smartphone. Though basic similarities with social commerce exists in aspects such as mail-order sales intermediaries, startups, types of services and market competition structure, food delivery apps resemble social commerce in many ways in that they use excessive marketing to secure market dominance, causing a spike in consumer complaints. If the excessive marketing and increase in customer complaints are not rectified, the food delivery app could also see rapid decline as it gradually grows distant from consumers, just like social commerce. Accordingly, this study will identify the factors consumers recognize as important for continuous use vis-a-vis social commerce and food delivery apps to perform an empirical analysis on what areas need improvement. After deriving the four upper factors of product, information system and service along with eight sub-factors by referring to existing literature, the areas with opportunity for improvement were derived through satisfaction level and relative importance evaluation. The results of this study present a strategic direction for maintaining customers of social commerce and food delivery apps.