• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2015

This study is conducted in order to select the varieties that can supplement problems related with organic cultivation of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.). 15 test varieties were selected considering rural preference, breeding line, breeding company, open-pollinated cultivar, F1 hybrid cultivar of either domestic or foreign products. Onion varieties were assessed in 5 criteria which are : growth of plants in low temperature, freezing injury resistance, resistance to physiological disorder such as bolting and doubled bulb, lodging index during harvest, and marketable yield. As a result, e-Joeun, Katamaru, Pop, Art, Singihan among F1 hybrid cultivars and Changnyeongdaego, Seouldaego, and Chunjujunggo among open-pollinated cultivars were selected as more suitable varieties for the organic cultivation. Although Sunpower cannot be selected in varieties those are suitable for organic cultivation, it showed excellent traits in the bulb characteristics. No significant differences were found between open-pollinated cultivar and F1 hybrid cultivar except growth of plants in low temperature (plant sheath diameter) and lodging index during harvest (May 24th). And no significant differences were recognized between domestic varieties and foreign varieties except missing plant ratio after wintering.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.134-139
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• 2013

This study was conducted to develop healthy foods or natural preservatives with garlic (Allium sativum L.), ginger (Zingiber officinale R.) and onion (Allium cepa L.). The polyphenol contents of garlic, ginger and onion juice were analyzed, and they were tested for antioxidative and antibacterial activities. Their antioxidative activities were investigated in terms of their electron donating activity (EDA), SOD-like activity and nitrite scavenging ablity (NSA). Their antibacterial activities were tested against four kinds of pathogenic bacteria (L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, E. coli O157:H7, and Sal. typhimurium). The yields of the garlic, ginger and onion juice were 28.2, 24.3 and 38.3 percent, and their total polyphenol contents were 1,254, 1,523 and 412 mg/100 mL, respectively. The EDAs of the garlic and ginger juice ranged from 95 to 98 percent and over 90 percent in the 40 percent diluted solution. Their SOD-like activities were 64 and 67 percent, repectively. Onion juice had lower activities in EDAs and SOD-like activity than those of garlic and ginger juice. The NSAs of the garlic, ginger and onion juice were 56.5, 52.4 and 50.2 percent, respectively. The garlic juices showed antibacterial activity against four kinds of pathogenic bacteria (L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, E. coli O157:H7 and Sal. typhimurium) and the highest such activity against Sal. typhimurium. From all the results of the experiments, it can be concluded that garlic, ginger, onion can be used as a natural preservatives and can help develope healthy foods because of their antibacterial and antioxidative activities and abundunt polyphenols.

• Mycobiology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.242-253
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• 2018

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the major vegetable crops in Korea that are damaged and lost by pathogenic fungal infection during storage due to a lack of proper storage conditions. The aim of this study was to determine an appropriate control measure using thymol to increase the shelf life of onions. To control fungal infections that occur during low-temperature storage, it is necessary to identify the predominant fungal pathogens that appear in low-temperature storage houses. Botrytis aclada was found to be the most predominant fungal pathogen during low-temperature storage. The antifungal activity of the plant essential oil thymol was tested and compared to that of the existing sulfur treatments. B. aclada growth was significantly inhibited up to 16 weeks with spray treatments using a thymol solution. To identify an appropriate method for treating onions in a low-temperature storage house, thymol was delivered by two fumigation treatment methods, either by heating it in the granule form or as a solution at low-temperature storage conditions (in vivo). We confirmed that the disease severity was reduced up to 96% by fumigating thymol solution compared to the untreated control. The efficacy of the fumigation of thymol solution was validated by testing onions in a low-temperature storage house in Muan, Jeollanam-do. Based on these results, the present study suggests that fumigation of the thymol solution as a natural preservative and fungicide can be used as an eco-friendly substitute for existing methods to control postharvest disease in long-term storage crops on a commercial scale.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.141-148
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• 2014

Objectives : Onion (AlliumcepaL.) is one of the richest sources of flavonoids in human diet. In this study, we studied the effects of onion peel water extract (OPE) on the blood lipid profiles and glucose in rats. Methods : The experimental groups were divided with 5 groups (n = 6) of SD rats: normal diet + distilled water (NC), high-fat diet + Quercetin (PC), high-fat diet + onion peel water extract 4 mg/kg (OPE-4), high-fat diet + onion peel water extract 20 mg/kg (OPE-20), high-fat diet + onion peel water extract 100 mg/kg (OPE-100). Results : The liver fat showed significantly lower weights and size in the OPE-100 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05), The epididymal fat and retroperitoneal fat showed significantly lower weights and sizes in the OPE-4 and OPE-20 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05). The serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly lower in the OPE-4 and OPE-20 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05). The OPE-4 and OPE-20 group showed higher HDL cholesterol concentration than NC group (p<0.05). Atherogenic index of OPE-4 and OPE-20 group was significantly lower in as compared with NC group (p<0.05). The serum levels of glucose significantly lower in the OPE-20 group as compared with NC group (p<0.05). Conclusions : In these results, we suggests that onion peel water extracts supplementation can reduces the serum lipid components and improves the lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic SD rat induced with a high-fat diet.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.807-817
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• 2016

Many onion growers and researchers assert that differences in soil type, agricultural practices, weather, and duration of prolonged onion cultivation in a particular field could affect onion bulb quality. This study evaluates the bulb quality of onions grown in different regions and determines the correlations between bulb characteristics and postharvest loss during cold and ambient storage. Soil and onion bulbs were collected from fields in six onion growing regions in Korea, during the growing season of 2011-2012. The fresh weight, dry matter content, and carbon (C), sulfur and magnesium contents of the onion bulbs were significantly affected by the location in which they were grown. Bulbs grown in Muan had the greatest number of scales, thinnest scale thickness, and the highest total soluble solids (TSS) and total flavonoids (TF). Bulbs originating from Jecheon had the lowest pyruvic acid (PA), total phenolics and TF. Storage loss of bulbs from the different regions was similar in refrigerated storage, but differed in ambient temperature storage. Bulb fresh weight was positively correlated with scale thickness (r = 0.617) and cold storage loss (CSL; r = 0.398). Dry matter content was positively correlated with C (r = 0.958) and TF (r = 0.256) contents, while it was negatively correlated with CSL (r = -0.424). CSL was primarily affected by the fresh weight, as well as the dry matter, C, and PA contents of the bulbs, while ambient storage loss was primarily influenced by the amount of TSS.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 2023

This study was compared the soil environment and growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) treated with non-mulching (NM) and mulching polyethylene film (PEF) and two biodegradable films (BFI and BFII) commonly used in farmhouses. Visual observation confirmed the degradation of BFI and BFII films after 150 days after tansplanting (DAT). BFII increased light penetration into the films and reduced the weight maintenace after 180 DAT, with a high decompostion at 30 days after soil tilling. Soil moisture contents much fluctuated between -14 kP and - 0 kPa in NM plots, increasing the minimum soil temperature of BFI plots. Mulching treatments decreased soil organic matter contents but did not subtantially increase soil mineral nutrients, soil bulk density, and number of bacteria compared to those of NM plots. Onion root growth was increased by PEF and BFI treatments at an early growth stage, 60 DAT, with the most remarkable stem extension observed for PEF and BFI treatments after 150 DAT. PEF and BFI treatments increased the bulb's diameter, length, weight, and lodging at 180 DAT. BFI treatments exhibited a high portion of the "very large" category producing with 55.3 tons ha^-1 based on the classification into bulb size, followed by PE (49.3 tons), NM (9.4 tons), and BFII treatments (2.7 tons) at 230 DAT.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.811-821
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• 2023

This study investigated the storability of onions according to manual and mechanical harvesting. Moreover, we simulated the onion-to-onion impact during the mechanical harvesting process and investigated the storability after artificially subjecting the onions to impact treatment. The onion harvesting methods included hand plucking + manual collection, digger + manual, and digger + mechanical collection. The maximum impact height during the mechanical harvesting process was 0.5 m. Immediately after harvesting, no significant difference in the bruise and wound rate among the harvesting methods was observed. Any increased bruise or wound rate because of mechanical harvesting was presumed to be influenced by soil conditions, such as the presence of gravel, and machine operation factors. Furthermore, the storability during the 8.5 months storage showed no significant difference according to the harvesting methods. In treatments by simulating the impacts during the mechanical harvesting process, the impact heights were 0.0 m (0.0 J), 0.25 m (0.86 J), 0.5 m (1.72 J), and 0.75 m (2.57 J), each performed once, and four times at the same position (3.43 J) and four times at different positions (3.43 J) at 0.25 m. Throughout all the treatments, there were no significant differences in the storability during the 8.5 months storage period.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.657-664
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of onion vinegar on the cerebral blood flow by measuring the changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and by observing the recovery of focal ischemic brain injury in rats. Rats are divided into thee groups depending on the medication; control group (no medication), 8.8-OV group (vinegar using 8.8 brix onion medication), 14.6-OV group (vinegar using 14.6 brix onion medication). The medication of onion vinegar significantly increased rCBF but decreased MABP. This result suggests that onion vinegar significantly increased rCBF by dilating arterial diameter. In addition, focal ischemic brain injury is induced in rats by middle cerebral arterial occlusion. The recovery from focal ischemic brain injury is more significantly improved in the groups using onion vinegar compared to the control group. The amount of recovery is measured by the GAP-43 and the medication of onion vinegar significantly increased GAP-43. This result suggests that onion vinegar is effective on the nerve regeneration. After the medication, the change of body weight, outcomes of renal and liver function test, and outcomes of CBC are analysed for safety examination. There are no statistical differences among control group and all experimental groups in the body weight, renal and liver function test, and CBC. In conclusion, these results suggest that onion vinegar can increase rCBF in normal state, and improve the stability of rCBF in ischemic state.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.180-183
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• 2011

'Yeomyeong', a new welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) variety, is developed by the Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS, RDA in 2004. This variety, as interspecific $F_1$ hybrid, is developed by a cross between onion (Allium. cepa L.) and welsh onion (A. fistulosum L). The first cross was conducted in 2003 between MOS8, onion male sterile line and G2, welsh onion inbred line. Horticultural and yield characteristics of this hybrid $F_1$ line was investigated in greenhouse for 2 years from 2004 to 2005 with fall cropping cultivation. It has a single pseudostem plant type, anthocyanin-colored pseudostem, and male sterile umbel. It showed intermediate plant type of the maternal parents in overall plant characteristics. 'Yeomyeong' is fall sawing variety and has higher plant height and pseudostem length than that of check variety 'Gumjang'. The yield potential of this variety was about 130.1MT/ha in greenhouse in spring harvseting season. This variety would be adaptable to the fall sowing cultivation in green house.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.288-293
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• 2024

Fusarium basal rot (FBR), caused by the ascomycete fungus Fusarium oxysporum, is an economically important disease of onion worldwide. The most economical and effective way to manage FBR would be the use of FBR resistant onion cultivars. This study was carried out to develop a rapid screening method for resistant onion cultivars in seedling stage. We used the F. oxysporum 19-385 isolate, which causes damping-off in onion seedlings and basal rot in onion bulbs. We optimized broth incubation and medium composition for the production of inoculum, and determined conidial concentration for the preparation of F. oxysporum infected soil. Ten commercial cultivars of onion were evaluated the seedling survival rates and heights by infected soil inoculation methods. As a result, 'K-force' was the most resistant cultivar with 97.4% of relative seedling survival rate against the pathogen, whereas 'Sunpower' was the most susceptible cultivar with 20.0% of relative seedling survival rate.