• 제목/요약/키워드: Onion (Allium cepa)

검색결과 157건 처리시간 0.023초

배합사료내 양파(Allium cepa L.)즙 부산물 첨가 함량에 따른 조피볼락(Sebastes schlegelii) 치어의 성장, 사료이용성 및 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Diet Supplementation with Onion Allium cepa L. Juice Processing By-products on Juvenile Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii Growth, Feed Utilization and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity)

  • 이창환;오화용;이다연;이태훈;김희성
    • 한국수산과학회지
    • /
    • 제55권3호
    • /
    • pp.319-327
    • /
    • 2022
  • An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of a diet consisting of different onion juice processing by-product (OJPB) levels on juvenile black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii growth, feed utilization, and, lysozyme and antioxidant enzymes activities. Juvenile rockfish (2.2 g) were randomly distributed into 15 flow-through tanks (30 fish/tank). Five experimental diets were prepared in triplicate. The experimental diets were supplemented with OJPB at different levels of 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% (designated as OJPB0, OJPB0.25, OJPB0.5, OJPB0.75 and OJPB1, respectively). At the end of the feeding trial, the results revealed that the fish that were fed the OJPB0.75 and OJPB1 diets showed enhancement in growth (weight gain and specific growth rate) and feed utilization (feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio) compared with the fish that were fed other diets. Plasma lysozyme, glutathione concentration, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities significantly increased in the fish that were fed the OJPB0.75 and OJPB1 diets. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.75-1% OJPB in juvenile rockfish diet improved the growth performance and antioxidant status.

Antioxidative Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Heated Onion (Allium cepa)

  • Lee, Youn-Ri;Hwang, In-Guk;Woo, Koan-Sik;Kim, Dae-Joong;Hong, Jin-Tae;Jeong, Heon-Sang
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제16권6호
    • /
    • pp.1041-1045
    • /
    • 2007
  • Heated onion juice was partitioned using the solvents hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest scavenging effect on the ABTS radical. The antioxidant activities of the ethyl acetate fraction from raw and heated onion (120, 130, and $140^{\circ}C$) were evaluated using radical scavenging assays. Radical and nitrite scavenging activities were higher in heated onion than raw onion, and the higher the temperature of heat treatment, the greater the radical and nitrite scavenging activities. Heated onion ($140^{\circ}C$, 2 hr) was more effective than raw onion, having higher DPPH radical scavenging (5.7-fold), hydroxyl radical scavenging (6.4-fold), superoxide radical scavenging (2.3-fold), hydrogen peroxide scavenging (11.8-fold), and nitrite scavenging (4.3-fold) activities. Onion increased its physiologically active materials after heating, and in this regard, heated onion can be used as biological material for the manufacture of health foods and supplements.

양파의 진공 동결 건조 과정 중 Alliinase 활성 변화에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Changes in the Alliinase Activity during the Vacuum Freeze Drying of Onions(Allium cepa L.))

  • 채수규;윤미숙
    • 한국조리학회지
    • /
    • 제14권1호
    • /
    • pp.144-151
    • /
    • 2008
  • 양파를 원형 그대로, 절편으로 하여 그리고 마쇄한 것을 진공 동결 건조 처리하여 각각 건조 과정 중 allicin 및 diallyl disulfide의 함량과 alliinase 활성 변화를 측정하였다. 생양파의 allicin 및 dia-llyl disulfide의 함량은 각각 26.40 ppm, 2.78 ppm이었다. 양파를 원형 그대로, 절편으로 하여 그리고 마쇄한 시료의 allicin 및 diallyl disulfide의 함량은 진공 동결 건조가 진행함에 따라 증가되었으며, 증가 정도는 시료의 형태에 따라 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 생양파의 alliinase 비활성은 7.536 units/mg protein이었으며, 양파를 원형 그대로, 절편으로 하여 그리고 마쇄한 시료의 alliinase 활성은 진공 동결 건조가 진행함에 따라 감소되었다. 양파를 원형 그대로 8시간 동안 진공 동결 건조하였을 때 효소의 비활성은 5.516 units/mg pro-tein로 감소되었으며 73.2%의 잔존율을 나타내었고, 36시간 동안 진공 동결 건조하였을 때 효소의 비활성은 3.304 units/mg protein로 감소되었으며 43.8%의 잔존율을 나타내었다. 양파를 절편으로 하여 36시간 동안 진공 동결 건조하였을 때 효소의 비활성은 2.366 units/mg protein로 감소되었으며 31.4%의 잔존율을 나타내었고, 양파를 마쇄하여 36시간 동안 진공 동결 건조하였을 때 효소의 비활성은 2.232 units/mg protein로 감소되었으며 29.6%의 잔존율을 나타내었다. 양파를 원형 그대로 진공 동결 건조하였을 때 alliinase 활성에 있어서 가장 높은 잔존율을 나타내었다.

  • PDF

양파 중생계 웅성불임 중간모본 '원예 30001' (Mid-late Maturing Male Sterile Line of Onion (Allium cepa L.) 'Wonye 30001')

  • 김철우;이을태;최인후;장영석;서세정
    • 한국육종학회지
    • /
    • 제42권3호
    • /
    • pp.294-297
    • /
    • 2010
  • 양파 중간모본 웅성불임 계통 '원예30001'은 2000년 Ginque 자식 집단에서 웅성불임개체를 선발하여 고정종 자식계통 YG-1-1을 교배하여 2002년에 유지계통을 선발하고 2009년까지 4회 여교잡을 하여 계통의 안정성을 확인한 후 MMS17로 명명하여 2009년에 직무육성신품종 심사를 거쳐 2010년에 국립종자원에 '원예30001'로 명명하여 품종보호 출원하였다. '원예30001'은 웅성불임(CMS-S)계통으로 초형은 반개장형이며 도복기는 5월 20일이다. 초장은 57 cm, 엽수 8매, 엽초경은 15.9 cm로 지상부의 생육이 왕성하며 구중은 260 g, 구형지수 89인 원형 황색 양파계통이다. 노균병에 중간 정도의 저항성이 있으나 내한성과 저장성은 강하다. 모구의 채종 특성으로 개화기는 5월 23일이며 구당 화경수는 6개, 화경 장은 135 cm이며 화구 폭은 84 mm이며 100% 웅성불임 이다.

Genetic Diversity among the Genera Allium in Mongolia Based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

  • Chun, Jong-Un;Bae, Chang-Hyu
    • Plant Resources
    • /
    • 제4권3호
    • /
    • pp.121-129
    • /
    • 2001
  • Intraspecific genetic diversity of sixteen accessions of Mogolian Alliums including fifteen species was investigated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Twenty three out of forty primers revealed scorable polymorphism. A total of 440 RAPD markers were generated on the 16 accessions of Mongolian Alliums. Among 440 RAPDs assayed, 439 were polymorphic with a mean polymorphic rate of 99.7%. Unweighted pair-group method using an arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis using RAPD data separated the 16 Allium accessions into two broad groups at similarity index 0.70. The clustering of the species was closely related with previous classification between A. altaicum and A. fistulosum. In addition, a high genetic similarity was showed between A. cepa and A. tagar.

  • PDF

Marker-assisted Genotype Analysis of Bulb Colors in Segregating Populations of Onions (Allium cepa)

  • Kim, Sunggil;Bang, Haejeen;Yoo, Kil-Sun;Pike, Leonard M.
    • Molecules and Cells
    • /
    • 제23권2호
    • /
    • pp.192-197
    • /
    • 2007
  • Bulb color in onions (Allium cepa) is an important trait whose complex inheritance mechanism involves epistatic interactions among major color-related loci. Recent studies revealed that inactivation of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway was responsible for the color differences between yellow and red onions, and two recessive alleles of the anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) gene were responsible for a pink bulb color. Based on mutations in the recessive alleles of these two genes, PCR-based markers for allelic selection were developed. In this study, genotype analysis of onions from segregating populations was carried out using these PCR-based markers. Segregating populations were derived from the cross between yellow and red onions. Five yellow and thirteen pink bulbs from one segregating breeding line were genotyped for the two genes. Four pink bulbs were heterozygous for the DFR gene, which explains the continuous segregation of yellow and pink colors in this line. Most pink onions were homozygous recessive for the ANS gene, except for two heterozygotes. This finding indicated that the homozygous recessive ANS gene was primarily responsible for the pink color in this line. The two pink onions, heterozygous for the ANS gene, were also heterozygous for the DFR gene, which indicated that the pink color was produced by incomplete dominance of a red color gene over that of yellow. One pink line and six other segregating breeding lines were also analyzed. The genotyping results matched perfectly with phenotypic color segregation.

Identification of Novel Source of Resistance and Differential Response of Allium Genotypes to Purple Blotch Pathogen, Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciferri

  • Nanda, Satyabrata;Chand, Subodh Kumar;Mandal, Purander;Tripathy, Pradyumna;Joshi, Raj Kumar
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
    • /
    • 제32권6호
    • /
    • pp.519-527
    • /
    • 2016
  • Purple blotch, caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi, is a serious disease incurring heavy yield losses in the bulb and seed crop of onion and garlic worldwide. There is an immediate need for identification of effective resistance sources for use in host resistance breeding. A total of 43 Allium genotypes were screened for purple blotch resistance under field conditions. Allium cepa accession 'CBT-Ac77' and cultivar 'Arka Kalyan' were observed to be highly resistant. In vitro inoculation of a selected set of genotypes with A. porri, revealed that 7 days after inoculation was suitable to observe the disease severity. In vitro screening of 43 genotypes for resistance to A. porri revealed two resistant lines. An additional 14 genotypes showed consistent moderate resistance in the field as well as in vitro evaluations. Among the related Allium species, A. schoenoprasum and A. roylei showed the least disease index and can be used for interspecific hybridization with cultivated onion. Differential reaction analysis of three A. porri isolates (Apo-Chiplima, Apn-Nasik, Apg-Guntur) in 43 genotypes revealed significant variation among the evaluated Allium species (P = 0.001). All together, the present study suggest that, the newly identified resistance sources can be used as potential donors for ongoing purple blotch resistance breeding program in India.

양파 첨가가 가열한 햄버거 패티의 heterocyclic amine 형성과 돌연변이원성에 미치는 영향 (Influence of Onion (Allium cepa L.) on Genotoxic Heterocyclic Amine Formation and Overall Mutagenicity in Fried Hamburger Patty)

  • 이재환;김동혁;신한승
    • 한국식품과학회지
    • /
    • 제40권4호
    • /
    • pp.389-393
    • /
    • 2008
  • 양파를 첨가하여 가열 조리한 햄버거 패티의 HCAs 형성과 돌연변이원성에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 가열조리 전 햄버거 패티에 양파(2.0, 5.0, 10.0%, w/w)를 첨가한 후 $190^{\circ}C$(프라이팬 표면온도)에서 조리한 경우 MeIQx 형성이 23.3-58.0% 억제되었고 PhIP는 38.9-63.0% 억제되었다. 반면 표면온도를 $225^{\circ}C$로 증가시켜 HCAs 형성억제효과를 측정한 결과 MeIQx는 31.8-44.6%, DiMeIQx는 24.1-39.1%, PhIP는 50.3-70.5%의 억제효과를 보였다. 또한 양파 첨가에 따른 항돌연변이 활성을 측정한 결과 $190^{\circ}C$에서는 43.8-51.2%, $225^{\circ}C$에서는 34.9-48.3%의 수준이었으며 양파 첨가량이 증가할수록 높은 항돌연변이 활성을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 양파에 함유되어 있는 당(glucose, fructose, lactose), flavonoid계 (quercetin 및 그 배당체), thiosulfinate compounds(DADS, DATS, DPDS, DPTS) 등에 의해 Maillard 반응이 억제되었기 때문이며 결과적으로 양파가 HCAs 형성을 억제하고 돌연변이원성을 감소시키는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

양파(Allium cepa L.) 수확후 관리기술 최근 연구 동향 (Current Research Status of Postharvest Technology of Onion (Allium cepa L.))

  • 조정은;배로나;이승구
    • 원예과학기술지
    • /
    • 제28권3호
    • /
    • pp.522-527
    • /
    • 2010
  • 양파는 항생 및 항암작용을 나타내 심장 질환 및 성인병에 효과적인 다양한 유황화합물과 항산화 작용이 뛰어난 flavonoid를 다량 함유하고 있다. 양파는 건물중의 80%를 당이 차지할 정도로 당 함량이 높으며, 주요 당은 fructan으로 잘 알려진 fructo-oligosaccharide이며 그 외 glucose, fructose, sucrose 등이 있다. 당 함량은 양파의 저장성에도 큰 영향을 미쳐서 당 함량이 높을수록 저장성이 좋으며, 저장 말기로 갈수록 glucose, fructose, 그리고 fructan 등의 감소가 일어난다. 충분한 예건이 이루어지지 않을 경우 냉해를 입을 수 있으므로 수확후 상온에서 15-20일간 차압송풍예건을 실시해야 한다. 예건실시후 $0^{\circ}C$에서 저장해야 맹아신장 및 부패를 막아 저장수명을 연장할 수 있다. 양파의 대표적인 저장 장해는 $Erwinia$$Pseudomonas$에 의해 발생하는 무름병이며, 병에 감염된 양파를 상온 저장시 발병율이 높아진다. 최근 신선편이 제품이 많이 출시되고 있으며, 신선편이 제품의 저장수명 연장을 위한 연구가 수행되고 있다. 신선편이 양파에서 발생하는 갈변현상은 polyphenol oxidase가 주 원인인 산화반응으로 유기산, 질소충진 포장 및 PE 필름 포장 등으로 억제하고 있다.