• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제61권2호
• /
• pp.219-223
• /
• 2018

Objective : To investigate nationwide statistics on flow-diverting stent usage for cerebral aneurysm treatment and related mortality data. Methods : We requested data extraction from the National Health Insurance Service claims database using electronic data interchange codes (J3207064, J3207073). Patient and hospital information as well as death statistics were collected from the database. Results : A total of 169 procedures were performed using flow-diverting stents for cerebral aneurysm treatment from November 2014 to December 2016 in Korea. The majority of primary diagnosis was unruptured intracranial aneurysm. During the study period, nine subjects died, including one patient initially diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The crude mortality rate was 5.3%. Five patients died within one month after the procedure; therefore, the estimated periprocedural mortality rate was $3.0{\pm}1.3%$. The mortality rate as of the last day of 2016 was $6.3{\pm}2.1%$. Conclusion : In a 171 person-year follow-up in a Korean series, nine deaths occurred after flow-diverting stent treatment. The crude mortality rate in Korea (5.3%) was higher than that reported in a previous meta-analysis (3.8%).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.247-258
• /
• 1979

Two hundred and six cases of open heart surgery were done with over all mortality of 8.3% during 1978 in this Department. There were 130 congenital and 76 acquired cases. In congenital anomaly 58 cases were acyanotic and 72 cyanotic, which showed 3.4% and 12.5% of operative mortality respectively. Thirty-six cases of ventricular septal defect and 10 atrial septal defect were repaired without mortality but in 60 cases of tetralogy of Fallot it was 10%. In 76 cases of acquired lesions 74 were valvular cases. There were 75 cases of valve replacement with over all operative mortality of 8%. In 75-valve replacement one case of Ebstein anomaly was found. There were 62 cases of single valve and 13 double valve replacement. In every case tissue valve was utilized and coumadin and Persantin 75 were administered as anticoagulant treatment for one year.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.281-288
• /
• 1987

A total and consecutive 163 patients underwent cardiac valve replacement using the Hancock porcine xenograft cardiac valves from 1 976 to 1984. Of 198 substitute valves, 177 were the Hancock valves. One hundred twenty-nine patients[79.1%] had single valve replacement: MVR 118, AVR 8 and TVR 3; 33[20.3%] had double valve replacement: MVR+AVR 27 and MVR+TVR 6; and a single case had triple valve replacement. Other surgical procedures were added in 34 patients. The operative mortality rate within 30 days of surgery was 6.1%, and it was, however, 4.2%, with single MVR. Late mortality rate was 6.7% or 1.95%/patient-year of a linealized mortality rate. Early survivors of 153 patients were followed up for a total of 565.1 patient-years [a mean of 44.3*27.1 months]. The linealized annual complication rates were: 1.95% emboli/patient-year, 0.89% bleeding/patient-year 1.24% endocarditis/patient-year, and 4.25% overall failure/patient-year. Primary tissue failure occurred at a rate of 1.59%/patient-year. The actuarial survival rates including operative mortality were 87.0*4.1% and 77.3*6.6% at 5 and 11 years after surgery respectively. The probability of freedom from thromboembolic complication of 89.2*3.4% at 5 years after surgery lasted unchanged upto 11 years. The probability of freedom from overall valve failure was 81.3*4.5% at postoperative 5 years, and it dropped down to 26.2*19.4% at 11 years, although the latter was statistically insignificant because of a small number of patients entering into the years approaching the follow-up end. However, the probability of freedom from the primary tissue failure was 81.3*10.6% at postoperative 9 years, which coincides closely with the speculated rate of tissue degeneration of about 20% in 10 years. These clinical results confirm the low thrombogenicity of the Hancock porcine valve and the reasonable failure rate of tissue degeneration.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.248-257
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify accidental mortality during school activities of students in elementary, middle or high school in Seoul and consequent compensation payment. Methods: Fifty-eight students died due to accidents during the period 1988 through 2007. Data were obtained from the Seoul School Safety and Insurance Association, and Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education. Chi-square, t-test, and ANCOVA were used in the data analysis. Results: Among students, 75.9% were male and 37.9% were high school students. Accidental mortality was 1.61 per one million students (2.33 for male, and 0.82 for female students, and 0.93, 2.13 and 2.31 for elementary, middle and high school students, respectively). Mortality caused by drowning and falls per one million student was 0.85 and 0.74 for male, and 0.23 and 0.35 for female students. After age, year and cause were adjusted using ANCOVA, the mean compensation payment was 40,615 thousand won for male, and 62,000 thousands for female students. Highest compensation payment was 127,137 thousand for cerebral concussion after age, gender, year and cause were adjusted. Conclusion: To decrease student accidental mortality, especially drowning and falls, development of efficient safety-enforcing education is essential to prevent injuries and avoid preventable compensation costs.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 2013

Scientific evidence shows that ambient air quality is one of the major environmental issues related to human health. The aim of this paper was to provide quantitative data on the short-term impact of air pollution on the mortality and morbidity of people living in Suwon city. There are some studies that have conducted health impacts of the air pollution in Seoul, Korea. However, there are few studies of the health effects on air pollution conducted in satellite cities of the Seoul Metropolitan area. For this reason, we investigated the health effects of air pollution in Suwon city, one of the highly populated satellite cities of Seoul. In order to estimate the short-term mortality impact of air pollution, this study applied the approach suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO), using AirQ2.2.3 software. Daily concentrations of $PM_{10}$, $O_3$, $NO_2$, and $SO_2$ were used to assess human exposure and health effects, in terms of attributable proportion of the health outcome, annual number of excess cases of mortality for all causes, and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Among the four considered air pollutants, $PM_{10}$ had the highest health impact on the 1,118,000 inhabitants of Suwon city, causing an excess of total mortality of 105 out of 4,254 in a year. Sulfur dioxide had the least health impact. Ozone and nitrogen dioxide each caused 42.7 and 81.3 excess cases of total mortality in a year. The results are also in line with those of other international studies that apply AirQ software.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.106-115
• /
• 1989

Clinical results with the xenograft cardiac valves were reviewed for 212 patients who underwent heart valve replacement from January 1981 to December 1987. One hundred and twenty-four Carpentier-Edwards k 88 Ionescu Shiley valves were used. Overall operative mortality was 11 out of 212[5.1%]: 5 out of 153[3.39o] for mitral valve replacement [MVR], 2 out of 34[5.9%] for aortic valve replacement [AVR], 0 out of 4[0%] for Tricuspid valve replacement [TVR], and 4 out of 21[19.1%] for double valve replacement [DVR;MVR+ AVR]. Two hundred and one operative survivors were followed up for a total of 824.3 patient-years [a mean 3.9*1.8 yrs], and the follow up was 78.1%. The linealized complication rates were 0.1% emboli / patient-year, 1.0% endocarditis/ patient-year and 2.2% overall valve failure / patient-year. A linealized rate of primary tissue failure was 0.7*/o/ patient-year. The actuarial survival rates including the operative mortality were 92*2.8% at 4 years and 85*4.3% at 7 years after surgery using the Xenograft cardiac valves. Probabilities of freedom from thromboembolism and overall valve failure were 73*11.0% and 69*2.4% at 7 years after surgery using the Xenograft cardiac valves respectively. The intrinsic durability of the Xenograft cardiac valves appears to be relatively well satisfactory over the long term [4 to 7 years] and the risk of failure appears well balanced by the advantages of a low incidence of thromboembolism and no mandatory anticoagulant therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권12호
• /
• pp.5043-5047
• /
• 2015

Background: Relatively little is known with certainty about the status and role of p53 or MDM2 in predicting prognosis and survival of renal cell carcinoma. The present study aimed to determine the value of P53 and MDM2 over-expression, alone and simultaneously, to predict five-year survival of patients with kidney cancer in Iran. Materials and Methods: Patients with kidney cancer referred to Hasheminejad Kidney Center between 2007 and 2009, underwent radical nephrectomy and had pathology reports of clear cell, papillary or chromophobe renal cell carcinoma were included in our cohort study. Other histological types of renal cell carcinoma were not included. The patients with missed, incomplete or poor quality paraffin blocks were also excluded. Overall ninety one patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. To assess the histopathological features of the tumor, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples were performed. The five-year survival was determined by the patients' medical files and telephone following-up. Results: In total, 1.1% of all samples were revealed to be positive for P53. Also, 20.8% of all samples were revealed to be positive for MDM2.The patients were all followed for 5 years. In this regard, 5-year mortality was 30.5% and thus 5-year survival was 85.3%. According to the Cox proportional hazard analysis, positive P53 marker was only predictor for patients' 5-year survival that the presence of positive p53 increased the risk for long-term mortality up to 2.8 times (HR=2.798, 95%CI: 1.176-6.660, P=0.020). However, the presence of MDM2 could not predict long-term mortality. In this regard, analysis by the ROC curve showed a limited role for predicting long-term survival by confirming P53 positivity (AUC=0.610, 95%CI: 0.471-.750, P=0.106). The best cutoff point for P53 to predict mortality was 0.5 yielding a low sensitivity (32.0%) but a high specificity (97.9%). In similar analysis, measurement of MDM2 positivity could not predict mortality (AUC=0.449, 95%CI: 0.316-.583, P=0.455). Conclusions: The simultaneous presence of both P53 and MDM2 markers in our population is a rare phenomenon and the presence of these markers may not predict long-term survival in patients who undergoing radical nephrectomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.431-443
• /
• 1983

A hundred and fifty-one patients with congenital heart disease less than 24 months old underwent intracardiac repairs from January 1982 to July 1983, which consists 24.2% of all the patients with congenital heart diseases operated during the same period. There were 98 patients[64.9%] with acyanotic congenital heart disease and 53 patients[35.1%] with cyanotic congenital heart disease, and 55 patients[36.4%] were less than 1 year of age. Twenty-two patients died within 30 days after surgery and 3 patients died after postoperative 30th day: Ventricular septal defect, four of 90 patients; Tetralogy of Fallot, five of 23 patients; Transposition of great arteries, nine of 17 patients; Tricuspid atresia, four of 5 patients; Pulmonary atresia, all of 2 patients; Single ventricle, one of single patients. Over all mortality was 16.6% and mortality of acyanotic congenital heart disease, cyanotic congenital heart disease and patients less then 1 year of age was 4.1%, 39.6% and 20.0% respectively. Still the mortality of cyanotic congenital heart disease is high. Careful preoperative evaluation of the detailed intracardiac anatomy and hemodynamics of the patients and proper selection of surgical treatment yield better clinical results.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.119-134
• /
• 2021

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the world. Investigation of mortality rates is pivotal to adequately understand the determinants causing this disease, allocate public health resources, and apply different control measures. Our study aims to analyze and forecast age-specific US lung cancer mortality trends. We report functions of mortality rates for different age groups by incorporating functional principal component analysis to understand the underlying mortality trend with respect to time. The mortality rates of lung cancer have been higher in men than in women. These rates have been decreasing for all age groups since 1990 in men. The same pattern is observed for women since 2000 except for the age group 85 and above. No significant changes in mortality rates in lower age groups have been reported for both gender. Lung cancer mortality rates for males are relatively higher than females. Ten-year predictions of mortality rates depict a continuous decline for both gender with no apparent change for lower age groups (below 40).

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.443-450
• /
• 1990

The virtual population analysis technique was applied to the silver croaker, Otolithes argenteus, stock based on length frequency composition, age-length key and nominal catches taken by the trawl fleet and fixed-stake nets in the Kuwait's waters during $1981\~1988$. One-year-old fish was dominant, whereas three-year-old and older fish were at a very low level. Fishing mortality was much higher in the age groups of 2 and 3 than in the others. A strong year-class occurred in 1980 and 1981. Population size of fishable stock markedly decreased from 1982 to 1985 and remained at a low level during $1986\~1987$. The effects of changes in fishing effort showed that an increase in fishing effort would not lead to benefits in yield and would comprise more young and fewer old fish, whereas a reduction in fishing effort to a certain level (by $20\~40\%$ ) from the fishing effort level on the average during $1981\~1988$ could bring some small advantage to the fishery consisting of fewer young and older fish.