• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1298-1301
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of pre-load and fatigue life of the distracted one-level pedicle screw system. A spring, which acted as a substitute of the ligament, was installed in the one-level pedicle screw system before testing. The static and fatigue properties are now being tested, which includes 6mm rod to 6mm screw, 6mm rod to 6.5mm screw and 6.35mm rod to 6.5mm screw, under pre-load. Until now as test data were analyzed, 6mm rod to 6.5mm screw was found to have the best performances of stillness and fatigue lift, while 6mm rod to 6mm screw showed the shortest fatigue life. If the stiffness of screw was bigger than that of rod. the fatigue life was prolonged. The fatigue life of the distracted pedicle screw was proved to be shorter than that of the one-level pedicle screw system. So the fatigue life was shortened because of the effect of the spring on the flexibility and stiffness of the rod. In order to obtain the stability of the pedicle screw, more tests are under doing on this topic.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.977-986
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• 2009

Sampling disturbance can introduce considerable errors in the laboratory estimation of geotechnical properties of soils, and the results obtained from sophisticated sampling and careful laboratory testing are not matching with field behavior. Therefore, it is advantage to adopt in-situ testing techniques for the estimation of geotechnical parameters. Therefore, Screw plate loading test, one of new field test technologies, has been investigated in this study. This test can be utilized to find out important properties of soils such as load-displacement, elastic modulus, and shear strength. The screw plate loading test modified from the plate loading test is an experiment underneath ground by inserting a spiral type of auger screw. The structure and characteristics of the screw plate loading test device was examined in detail. In addition, The new screw plate loading test device was manufactured to refer the previous studies. The reliability of developing screw plate loading test was examined through the analysis of the laboratory test.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 척추 내고정 시스템인 척추경 나사못의 기계적 특성 평가를 통하여 내고정 시스템에 영향을 미치는 주요 하중요소를 규명하고. 하중요소에 대한 정하중 평가와 단분절 시스템(one bevel system)에서의 피로수명을 증가시키는 방법을 제안하는 것이다. 정하중 시험에서 단일 척추경 나사못(single pedicle strew)에 작용하는 하중요소는 마찰력((friction force), 굽힘력(bending force), 결합력(holding force)으로 나타났으며, 단일 나사못의 굽힘력 시험결과로부터 단분절 시스템에 대한 시험결과의 유추가 가능하였다 척추 내고정 시스템의 상부 부분 시험의 피로수명 보다는 봉(rod)의 유연성을 포함하는 단분절 시스템에서의 피로수명이 길게 나타났고. 인체에 삽입되는 척추경 나사못 단분절 시스템에서 근육 및 ligament 등에 의해서 봉의 유연성 저하를 가져올 수 있음을 고려할 때. 단일 나사못 피로시험만으로 단분절 시스템의 피로수명 예측이 가능함을 보였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.379-392
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• 2005

Statement of problem. One of the common problems of dental implant prosthesis is the loosening of the screw that connects each component, and this problem is more common in single implant-supported prostheses with external connection, and in molars. Purpose. The purposes of this study were: (1) to compare the initial abutment screw detorque values of the six different implant-abutment interface designs, (2) to compare the detorque values of the six different implant-abutment interface designs after cyclic loading, (3) to compare the detorque values of regular and wide diameter implants and (4) to compare the initial detorque values with the detorque values after cyclic loading. Material and methods. Six different implant-abutment connection systems were used. The cement retained abutment and titanium screw of each system were assembled and tightened to 32Ncm with digital torque gauge. After 10 minutes, initial detorque values were measured. The custom titanium crown were cemented temporarily and a cyclic sine curve load(20 to 320N, 14Hz) was applied. The detorque values were measured after cyclic loading of one million times by loading machine. One-way ANOVA test, scheffe’s test and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results. The results were as follows : 1. The initial detorque values of six different implant-abutment connections were not significantly different(p>0.05). 2. The detorque values after one million dynamic cyclic loading were significantly different (p<0.05). 3. The SS-II regular and wide implant both recorded the higher detorque values than other groups after cyclic loading(p<0.05). 4. Of the wide implants, the initial detorque values of Avana Self Tapping Implant, MIS and Tapered Screw Vent, and the detorque values of MIS implant after cyclic loading were higher than their regular counterparts(p<0.05). 5. After cyclic loading, SS-II regular and wide implants showed higher detorque values than before(p<0.05).

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.23-26
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• 1995

The objectives of the present study are 1)to find the effect of the diameter of transpedicular screws on their fixational strength in pedicles under static pull-out loading, 2)to determine the biomechanical correlation between the pedicle diameter and the screw diameter, and 3)to find the effects of other factors in the screw design, such as materials, screw pitch, thread height and shape on their fixational strength. Biomechanical tests (Test I) were performed to evaluate the effect of the screw diameter on pull-out strength by using 60 porcine pedicls and six groups of custom-made pedicle screws with different diameters (the major and the minor diameter of the screws used in the testing varied from 4mm upto 9mm and from 3mm upto 8mm, respectively) while all other factors (materials, screw pitch, thread height and shape etc.) were fixed. In Test II, by using 61 porcine pedicles, the relationship between the ratio of the pedicle diameter and the screw diameter(=aspect ratio) of the custum-made screw and the pull-out strength of the screw was investigated. Test III was performed with 94 porcine pedicles and 8 different types of the commercial screws from 6 major productors in order to determine the effect of the screw diameter, pitch and the thread shape on the pull-out strength of the screw, respectively. The results of Test I showed that the axial pull-out resistance of the screw could be increased prportionaly to the screw diameter(P<0.05). But this increase in the pull-out resistance did not found when the screws of 4mm or 9mm in the diameter were employed. It was found from the results of Test II that the screws had its maximum pull-out resistant force when the aspect ratio ranging 40 - 69% (P<0.05). based on the results for the major diameter against the minor diameter of screw, the maximal pull-out resistance was found at 60-65% (P<0.05). According to these biomechanical testing results, it seems that the screw with a moderately large pitch is more desirable and the buttress-shaped screw can provide stronger fixation than the V-shape one can, if other designal factor and conditions were fixed.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-38
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• 2014

PURPOSE. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between microleakage and screw loosening at different types of implant-abutment connections and/or geometries measuring the torque values before and after the leakage tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three different abutment types (Intenal hex titanium, internal hex zirconium, morse tapered titanium) with different geometries were connected to its own implant fixture. All the abutments were tightened with a standard torque value then the composition was connected to the modified fluid filtration system. After the measurements of leakage removal torque values were re-measured. Kruskal-wallis test was performed for non-parametric and one-way ANOVA was performed for parametric data. The correlation was evaluated using Spearman Correlation Test (${\alpha}=0.05$). RESULTS. Significantly higher microleakage was found at the connection of implant-internal hex zirconium abutment. Observed mean torque value loss was also significantly higher than other connection geometries. Spearman tests revealed a significant correlation between microleakage and screw loosening. CONCLUSION. Microleakage may provoke screw loosening. Removing torque values rationally decrease with the increase of microleakage.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2011

실내시험의 경우 샘플링으로 인한 시료의 교란은 종종 지반의 공학적 특성을 추정하는데 상당한 오차를 발생시키기 때문에 현장지반의 거동을 분석하는데 있어 부적절한 결과를 초래한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원위치시험법 중 하나인 스크류재하시험을 개발하였다. 그 이유는 신뢰성 있는 공학적 파라메터를 산정하기 위해서는 원위치시험법을 채택하는 것이 유리하기 때문이다. 스크류재하시험은 나선형의 오거 재하판을 지반 속에 관입하여 재하시험을 하는 평판 재하시험의 개량된 시험이다. 본 연구를 통해 스크류시험장치에 대한 구조와 특성을 자세히 소개하고 실내시험 결과를 통해 장치에 대한 신뢰성을 검증하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.421-431
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• 2006

Statement of problem : Accurate impression is essential to success of implant prostheses. But there have been few studies about the accuracy of fixture-level impression technique in internal connection implant system. Purpose: This study evaluated the accuracy of splinted fixture-level impression technique using clinical methods and the effect of internal hex on fit of superstructure in internal connection implant system (Astra Tech). Material and method : Two metal master frameworks made from two abutments (Cast-to Abutment ST) each for parallel and divergent conditions and a corresponding. passively fitting, dental stone master cast with four future replicas (Fixture Replica ST) were fabricated. Ten dental stone casts were made with vinyl polysiloxane impressions from the master cast by acrylic resin splinted fixture-level impression technique. To evaluate the accuracy of impression technique, the fit of master frameworks for test models was evaluated using screw resistance test (SRT) and one-screw test. The results of SRT were recorded as SRT values from grade 1 to grade 5 by 1/4 turn. And to evaluate the effect of hex on fit of superstructure, the same tests were performed after removing hexes of master frameworks. Results: 1. There was only one case (2.5%) showing SRT value of test model below ade 2 in total before and after removing hexes of master frameworks. And, by removing hexes. SRT values decreased in only one test model (5%) and did not change in 17 test models (85%). 2. SRT values of the 1$^{st}$ screws were grade 2 in 80% of cases before, and grade 1 in 80% of cases after removing hexes. And, by removing hexes, SRT values decreased in 72.5% of cases. 3. SRT values of the 2$^{nd}$ screws were grade 3 in 85% of cases before, and grade 3 in 95% of cases after removing hexes. And, by removing hexes, SRT values did not change in 85% of cases. 4. There were only 2 cases regarded as acceptable fit by one-screw test, and SRT values of 2$^{nd}$ screws of both cases were grade 2. Conclusion. Within the limitations of this study, future-level impression of internal connection implant system is considered to obtain inaccurate working cast, even using acrylic resin splinted impression technique. And, it is considered to be unable improve the fit to remove the hexes of implant restoration.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.374-379
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• 2010

연구목적: 근관의 만곡도가 니켈-티타늄 전동파일의 screw-in effect에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 0, 10, 20, 그리고 30도의 만곡을 가지는 80개의 레진모형근관 (Nissin Dental Prod. Inc.)에서 0.06 경사도 30번 전동화일 (ProTaper, Dentsply-Maillefer)을 분당 300회전, 단일 pecking 동작으로 기구조작하였으며 dynamometer를 이용하여 발생한 screw-in force를 측정하였다. 결과치는 one-way ANOVA로 통계처리 하였고, Scheffe multiple range test를 사용하여 95% 수준에서 유의성을 검정하였다. 결과: 근관의 만곡도가 작을수록 screw-in force가 높게 나타났으며 (p < 0.001), 모든 그룹 간에 유의성 있는 차이를 보였다. 결론: 이 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 근관의 만곡도가 작을수록 screw-in force가 많이 발생하는 것으로 보여지며, 따라서 기구조작 동안의 screw-in force를 방지 또는 억제하기 위해서는 만곡도가 작은 근관을 성형할 때 더 많은 주의가 요구될 것으로 생각된다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.380-386
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• 2010

연구목적: 니켈-티타늄 금속을 근관치료기구에 도입함으로써 근관형성과정이 매우 단순화되었다. 그러나 이러한 새로운 기구는 단점도 함께 가지고 있는데 그 중 하나가 근관내로 기구가 빨려 들어가는 경향이다. 본 연구에서는 니켈-티타늄 전동파일의 경사도가 screw-in effect에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 총 20개의 S-자형 투명레진블록 (Dentsply-Maillefer) 근관에서 두 군으로 나누어 실험하였는데 Profile군에서는 0.02, 0.04 그리고 0.06 경사도의 Profile (Dentsply-Maillefer)과 0.08, 0.10 그리고 0.12의 경사도의 GT Rotary file (Dentsply-Maillefer)을 사용하였고 K3군에서는 같은 경사도의 K3 file SybronEndo)을 사용하였으며, 분당 300회전의 일정한 속도에서 단일 pecking 동작으로 기구조작을 하였다. 특수한 장치를 고안하였으며 장치내 dynamometer를 이용하여 screw-in effect를 측정하여 one-way ANOVA로 통계처리하고 Tuckey's multiple range test로 사후검정하였다. 결과: Profile 군에서는 큰 경사도의 기구가 더 큰 screw-in force를 나타내었고 (p < 0.05), K3군에서는 0.08, 0.10. 및 0.12 경사도의 기구가 0.04 경사도의 기구에 비해, 0.08 및 0.12 경사도의 기구가 0.06 경사도의 기구에 비해 더 큰 screw-in force를 나타내었다 (p < 0.05). 결론: 기구의 경사도가 클수록 screw-in force가 많이 발생하는 것으로 생각되며, 경사도가 큰 전동화일을 사용시에는 screw-in force를 억제하기 위해 더 많은 주의가 요구될 것으로 생각된다.