• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.33-46
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• 2021

After the Gyeongju earthquake, which was the largest in the history of measuring instruments in Korea in 2016, and after the Pohang earthquake, where the pillars of pallet structures were destroyed in 2017, the seismic design standards for all domestic facilities have been revised and supplemented. In particular, during the investigation of the Pohang Earthquake damage cases, liquefaction damage that occurs mainly in countries with strong earthquakes such as the United States, Japan, and New Zealand was found, so studies are being conducted in depth to improve seismic design standards. In this study, the liquefaction potential assessment in the recently revised seismic design standard for port and harbor was reviewed, and an applicability review was conducted focusing on the newly cited liquefaction potential index (LPI). At this time, by varying the thickness and location of the sandy soil where liquefaction can occur, the LPIs for various cases were calculated and compared. Also, 22 LPI values in the practical port area were compared and reviewed along with performance of the liquefaction assessment based on the site response analysis using the boring-hole data of the actual 22 port sites.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.57-75
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find ways of evaluating the suitability of sites being considered for development of different types of parks in the vicinity of yangmock-myun kyoung buk, where a large project(as large as about14.0$km^2$) has been planned. The results are as follows. Three surveys for selecting the assessment indicators were performed. ${\cdot}$ The first survey analyzed the importance of 23 selected assessment indicators based on a review of existing literature review and an on-the-spot research. ${\cdot}$ The second survey selected assessment indicators for each park type. ${\cdot}$ The third survey computed additive values of selected assessment indicators by the park types. It used a method of standardizing the average importance of indicators by making their sum equal to 10. These additive values were then multiplied by each grade of indicators to make a final evaluation. An evaluation of the site-suitability of park types was performed twice. The purpose of the first evaluation was to figure out how much each type met the minimum requirements targeted for all landscape types. The minimum requirements were derived by using a relative comparison between the standard of value rating of the assessment indicators, which was over the medium magnitude on the importance analysis, and the result of field research. A second evaluation estimated the targeted sites that met the minimum requirements. Value ratings of second assessment indicators were quantitatively divided as 1 to 3 grade and the evaluation scores were added, giving an additive value for each assessment indicator. The evaluation score on each park type was rated on a scale of 1 to 3 according to their averages, (from lowest to highest). Since this evaluation model of the site suitability on park types only focused on the 'face' of space in this study, additional analysis is necessary for setting the evaluation model and incorporating the overall impact of space, network connection and other factors, considering 'spot', 'line' and 'face' aspects of space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 2021

When oil tankers, large passenger ships and cargo ships sink under the sea owing to various maritime accidents, the residual cargo oil or fuel oil in the such vessels could pose direct risk to factor for the marine environment and it require safe and rapid removal. Although domestic and foreign salvage companies are adopting various recovery methods and technologies with customizations according to each site during recovery operations studies on reasonable assessment modules for the operation process are relatively insufficient. In this study, the data from trapped-oil recovery operations performed at different site conditions were collected and analyzed in order to designed an operation assessment module, define the operational process steps in terms of preparation, implementation and completion, and derive key factors for each detailed process. Subsequently, the module was designed in such a way as to construct performance indicators to assess these key factors. In order to exclude subjective opinions from the assessment as much as possible, the assessment each item was constructed with indicators based on data that could be evaluated quantitatively and its usefulness was verified by applying the module to the trapped-oil recovery operation cases. We expect this the method and the technology assessment module for the trapped-oil recovery operation on sunken vessels will help to verify the adequacy of the trapped-oil recovery such operation before or after. Furthermore, it is expected that the continuous accumulation of assessment data and feedback from past or future operation cases will contribute toward enhancing the overall safety, efficiency and field applicability of trapped-oil recovery operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.385-386
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• 2009

This paper deals with assessment of equipotential bonding and electrical continuity in Buinding by investigation on the spot at construction site. The assessment was carried out for continuity of steelwork in reinforced concrete structure, bonding conductor, protective conductor. A new grounding system based on international standards includes unity grounding system, structure grounding utilizing steel reinforced concrete, equipotential bonding, use of surge protective device.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2013

This study was carried out to make a plan and design the substitute habitat for Kaloula borealis by pre-proposed planning model for wildlife based on wetlands. The habitat characteristics and distribution status in study area, Shingi village in Gunpo, Gyeonggi Province, were surveyed and restoration strategies of habitats including conservation, enhancement were established by conservation value assessment, and the substitute habitat needed to replace was selected. One of three potential substitute habitats in the same watershed to the original habitat was selected by suitable site assessment. And finally the substitute habitat for Kaloula borealis was planned by the planning indices, and some adults and tadpoles were captured and released into built substitute.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

Assessment of a monumental concrete arch bridge with a total length of 210 meters having three major spans of 30 meters and a height of 65 meters, which is located in an earthquake-prone region in southern part of the country is presented in this study. Three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge was generated using a commercially available general finite element analysis software and based on the outcomes of a series of in-depth acceleration measurements that were conducted on-site, the model was refined. By using the structural parameters obtained from the dynamic and the static tests, calibrated model of the bridge structure was obtained and this model was used for necessary calculations regarding structural assessment and evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.297-298
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.216-221
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.260-269
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• 2009

Hwabuk Dam has been under construction to reduce flood damage in Nakdong River watershed and to supply stable water for middle area of Gyeongbuk Province. Therefore, fish investigation in up and downstream of the dam was conducted from 2004 to 2008 in order to determine any negative effect on fish community due to dam construction and to use as fundamental data for conserving species diversity and maintaining stream health. According to data analysis on water quality, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, suspended solids, and total E-coli had seasonal variation, but they did not significantly differ in sites. However, biological and chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll-a, nitrogen, and phosphorus representing organic matter and nutrient concentration were higher in upper site and decreased to lower site so that they differed by site. Concentration of arsenic among the heavy metals was less than 0.05 mg $L^{-1}$, which is regulated for protection of human health in water quality standard, except for 0.092 mg $L^{-1}$ in June 2005. During the study period, the total number of fish caught from the 6 sites was 10,263 representing 7 families 19 species. Among them, dominant and subdominant species were Korean chub (Zacco koreanus, 62.5%) and Chinese minnow (Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, 10.6%) which inhabit mostly in mid and upper streams, Korea. Among the 19 species, Korean endemic species were 9 species (47.4%) including Korean slender gudgeon (Squalidus gracilis majimae), Korean dark sleeper (Odontobutis platycephala), and Korean shiner (Coreoleuciscus splendidus). There was several individuals of the $1^{st}$-class endangered species, Naktong nose loach (Koreocobitis nahtongensis), caught in 2005${\sim}$2007, and no introduced species of fish was found in entire sampling period. According to result of community analysis, dominance index decreased toward lower site, but diversity and richness indices increased toward lower site. The equation of length-weight relationship on the dominant species was TW=0.000003$(TL)^{3.2603}$. The parameter b in the equation was greater than 3.0 indicating good nutritional condition in the populations. Compared to populations of Korean chub in other streams, the population in Hwabuk Dam watershed had higher mean of condition factor by size indicating better growth rate. With fish fauna and multi-metric health assessment model in each sampling attempt, index of biotic integrity (IBI) was evaluated and it resulted mostly in good (26${\sim}$35) and excellent (36${\sim}$40) condition in all sites, and the mean of IBI was the highest in site 5. The results indicate that it is very important to study not only environmental impact assessment with fish composition but also stream health assessment in order to conserve healthy aquatic ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.383-397
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• 1999

For sites to be investigated, the results of such an investigation can be used in determining foals for cleanup, quantifying risks, determining acceptable and unacceptable risk, and developing cleanup plans t hat do not cause unnecessary delays in the redevelopment and reuse of the property. To do this, it is essential that an appropriately detailed study of the site be performed to identify the cause, nature, and extent of contamination and the possible threats to the environment or to any people living or working nearby through the analysis of samples of soil and soil gas, groundwater, surface water, and sediment. The migration pathways of contaminants also are examined during this phase. Key aspects of cost-effective site assessment to help standardize and accelerate the evaluation of contaminated soils at sites are to provide a simple step-by-step methodology for environmental science/engineering professionals to calculate risk-based, site-specific soil levels for contaminants in soil. Its use may significantly reduce the time it takes to complete soil investigations and cleanup actions at some sites, as well as improve the consistency of these actions across the nation. To achieve the effective site assessment, it requires the criteria for choosing the type of standard and setting the magnitude of the standard come from different sources, depending on many factors including the nature of the contamination. A general scheme for site-specific assessment consists of sequential Phase I, II, and III, which is defined by workplan and soil screening levels. Phase I are conducted to identify and confirm a site's recognized environmental conditions resulting from past actions. If a Phase 1 identifies potential hazardous substances, a Phase II is usually conducted to confirm the absence, or presence and extent, of contamination. Phase II involve the collection and analysis of samples. And Phase III is to remediate the contaminated soils determined by Phase I and Phase II. However, important factors in determining whether a assessment standard is site-specific and suitable are (1) the spatial extent of the sampling and the size of the sample area; (2) the number of samples taken: (3) the strategy of taking samples: and (4) the way the data are analyzed. Although selected methods are recommended, application of quantitative methods is directed by users having prior training or experience for the dynamic site investigation process.