• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.29-30
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• 2023

Wood is a construction material that has the advantages of carbon dioxide storage ability, noise reflection, and eco-friendliness. In order to use wood for a long time, you must use wood-specific paint, which is called oil stain. Oil stain improves water resistance and moisture resistance, but has the disadvantage of being weak against fire. This is because the oil contained in the oil stain causes a chemical reaction, and this chemical reaction causes the oil stain to spontaneously ignite, igniting nearby combustible materials and causing frequent fires. To improve this, in this study, different flame retardants were mixed and added to oil stain to produce functional oil stain. In addition, we would like to apply it to wood to check glow time and carbonization area. As a result of the experiment, it shows the best performance when mixed at 30(15 + 15)(%) and added to oil stain. The remaining burn time is satisfied from 10% for all samples, and the carbonized area is satisfied when it is 30%.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.505-510
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• 2020

In this study, the anti-stain effect of the Traditional Myoung-oil, which has been reproduced through traditional method, the Clean Myoung-oil, which was developed in an eco-friendly method through scientific analysis of Traditional Myoung-oil, and the perilla oil, which is the raw material of Myoung-oil and is currently used as a finishing agent when repairing wooden cultural properties was evaluated. As a result of the evaluation, perilla oil showed almost no anti-stain effect, whereas both types of Myoung-oil showed high anti-stain effect. However, it was confirmed that the anti-stain effect was significantly reduced after 4 weeks of exposure to the strain when Myoung-oil was diluted with terpene oil, a natural solvent. Thus, it was considered that the amount of treatment in the wood affected the anti-stain effect of Myoung-oil. In other words, in constructing wooden buildings, Myoung-o il is more suitable as a finishing agent to suppress mold growth than perilla oil. And, in order to increase the applicability of Myoung-oil, it is suggested that additional research on the optimal treatment amount and treatment method that can inhibit mold growth inhibition in outdoor environments is necessary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.35-36
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• 2022

In order to supplement the flame-retardant performance of oil stain, which can prevent wooden buildings from contamination, (NH4)2HPO4, a phosphorus flame-retardant, was added to oil stain and applied for each type of plywood, and an experiment was conducted. The addition rate was set to 0-60%, but white powder appeared on the surface of plywood from 40% and thus it was impossible to experiment, so the maximum addition rate was selected as 30%. As a result of the experiment, acacia plywood had the best performance. As the rate of addition of the flame retardant increased, the remaining time and carbonization length of all plywood decreased, but the carbonization length of the MDF plywood was not met with the standards.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.268-276
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• 2004

As recent demands for cold rolling oil for steel, not only better lubricity, but cost reduction and improvement of work environment are increasingly required. In order to respond these demands, Nihon Parkerizing has developed rolling oils with completely new emulsification system. Comparing with conventional oils, the new system indicates better iron fine removability to maintain oil concentration, due to better iron fine dispersion, and superior mill stain resistance by spray stain test.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.419-424
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• 1994

An oil stain on the steel induced by metal working oil was studied on the six kinds of fat and oil compounds(rapeseed oil, oleic acid, methyl oleate, oleyl alcohol, lauryl amino, and lanolin) by MIL-C-22235A test. The samples used for the printing on the oil stain plates were prepared by the addition of fat and oil compounds(10wt% ) and antioxidants(B. H. T, B. T, T. C. P; 0.5wt%) to base oil(spindle oil; 1.5wt% of sulfur). An analysis based on the experimental data indicated that B.T was more effective than B. H. T and T. C. P as antioxidant for inhibiting oil stains. And acid values exerted a bad influence upon the preventation of oil stains. As expected by the chemical structure of fat and oil compound, oleic acid that could react with iron ions produced more stains on the steel pannel.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.1 no.3_4
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• pp.201-205
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• 1968

The authors has observed the histopathologically and histochemically on the effect of the garlic and garlic oil to the liver and kidney of rats. In order to confirm the histochemical changes of the metabolism of polysaccarides, the periodic acid Schiff reaction was applied. The 30 albino adult male rats weighing about 150 grames from the National Institute of Health were housed individualy and devide into 3 experimental groups: Group C: stock diet group Group B: stock diet-garlic group Group A: stock diet-garlic oil group Group C was fed with stock diet only through out this experimental period, Group B was fed with stock diet supplemented with garlic homogenator to be 1%, and Group A was fed with stock diet supplemented with the garlic oil to 0.05%. The garlic oil used in this experiments was extracted by author. And all rats was fed during 10 weeks. The histopathological and histochemical results were shown in each figure. According to the all results, the following concIusions were drawn. 1) In the garlic oil administrated groups, congestion of the sinusoid was subsided and the liberation of the Kupffer's cells were observed. 2) In garlic administrated groups, fatty metamorphosis in hepatic cells, and slight liberation of Kupffer's cells in sinusoidal walls were observed. Connective tissue proliferation and collagen bundle were observed. 3) The connective tissue and blood vessel wall in portal area Were reacted intensely with PAS stain. The hepatic cells Were reacted intensely with PAS stain in control group and moderately or slightly in garlic and garlic oil administrated group. 4) There were no significant differences in collecting and Henle's loops in each groups, but narrowing of lumen of the distal tubules were observed in garlic oil administrated group. 5) The basement membrane of the tubules and the connective tissues of the vessel wall in Kideny were reacted intensely with PAS stain in each groups. In control and garlic administrated groups. the brush border of the proximal tubules were reacted intensely with PAS stain, but epithelium of the Heine's loop, proximal, distal and collecting tubules were reacted moderately. In garlic oil administrated-group, there were tendency of decreasing of PAS stain in each tubules.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.410-418
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• 2023

In this study, the combustion characteristics of the Tulip tree, which is the representative broad-leaved afforestation tree in Korea, were analyzed. The flame retardant performance of the Tulip tree was analyzed by analyzing combustion characteristics on a total of three test samples; flame retardant treated, both flame retardant and oil stain-treated, and untreated. Then the flame retardance grade was classified for each of them. According to the result, test samples showed the strongest flame retardance were in order of flame retardant treated (C), both flame retardant and oil stain-treated (B), and untreated (A). As a result of analyzing the total heat emission and maximum heat emission rates, which is the evaluation standard for interior materials of Korean domestic buildings, test samples with flame retardant treat or flame retardant and oil stain treat were qualified for the flame-retardant standard. Both flame retardant and oil stain-treated samples showed higher total heat release (THR) and heat release rate compared to flame retardant-treated samples as the oil causes combustion with oxygen. On the other hand, they didn't qualify the THR in Quasi-non-combustible standards. To determine the correlation between the physical and combustion characteristics of wood, the combustion characteristics of other diffuse porous wood species, with which the Tulip tree is affiliated were analyzed, and noticed that the characteristic correlates with the density and quantity of wood. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic information on the combustion characteristics of the Tulip tree.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.471-481
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• 2021

This study investigated the hygroscopicity and UV deterioration characteristics of 3 domestic and 4 imported woods using natural oil, stain, and varnish paints. In terms of hygroscopicity, it was found that the hygroscopicity of the painted wood was lower than that of the unpainted wood, and that as the number of coatings increased, the hygroscopicity decreased. In terms of anti-absorption, oil-based chemical paints showed higher resistance than water-based paints, and natural oils showed results comparable to oil-based paints. As for the UV deterioration, the amount of color change of the painted wood was lower than that of the unpainted wood, and there was no significant difference according to the number of times of painting. The amount of color change was found to be low in oil-based paints and hardwoods. Through this study, we confirmed effective moisture blocking and small color changes during painting using paints, and it is believed that wood can be protected from internal and external defects through selective and efficient painting based on data for excellent painting performance.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.198-204
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Caused by cultural environment, the fruit skin stain results in serious damages to pear fruit. Particularly susceptible to this damage, 'Niitaka' pear accounts for 82% of pear cultivation in Korea and many farmers growing the pear trees have suffered economic losses due to fruit skin stain. This study investigated the effect of different treatments of 'Niitaka' pear during growing period on the occurrence of fruit skin stain. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments in the field included gibberellin (GA) paste, spraying with amino acid tree fertilizer, functional bagging, and coating of the inner paper bag with agents. The relationships between tree vigor, mineral nutrition concentration and fruit skin stain occurrence were also investigated. The fruit skin stain symptoms occurred from young fruit (May 25) until harvest. There was no exposed fruit flesh. The occurrence of fruit skin stain was significantly reduced in normal tree (shoot length 110 cm), as well as using GA paste treatment, and bagging in calcium and lime sulfur coated bags. However, spraying with amino acid tree fertilizer made no difference in comparison to control. In addition, bags in which the inner paper was coated with lime sulfur and soybean oil resulted in chemical injury to the fruit skin caused by bagging. The K concentration of shoot wood and fruit skin were higher than those of the control. Also, there were lower T-N, K concentration of leaf. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that occurrence of fruit skin stain in 'Niitaka' pear fruits during the growing period can be reduced by GA paste and bagging in calcium and lime sulfur coated bags. The symptoms of chemical injury to the fruit skin caused by bagging in lime sulfur and soybean oil coated inner paper were different compared to skin stain occurring in fruit during the growing period.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2015

In order to prevent decay, distortion, bending, twist on wood products such as wooden furnitures, variety of coating materials were developed and used so far. The coating materials for wood finishing can be synthesized by natural resource or petroleum. However, these coating materials can cause contamination of indoor air quality due to emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, commercialized coating materials for wood finishing such as varnish, coat, and stain were evaluated on emission characteristics of VOCs. Among the varnish, eco-friendly products had about 15~46% lower TVOC emission ($1,042{\mu}g/m^2h{\sim}3,257{\mu}g/m^2h$, respectively, than typical product ($7,100{\mu}g/m^2h$). Natural resource based coating material showed lowest TVOC emission level. However, one of natural resource based waterborne stain showed higher TVOC emission level because waterborne stain already contained higher amount of natural VOC. Oil-based stain might not be suitable for indoor use on interior wall and furniture due to exceed amount of TVOC. Based on results, natural resource based coat or waterborne stain are recommenced to use on wood products.