• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2010

We surveyed 837 students attending elementary schoolchildren in Korea for health functional foods (HFF) consumption and significant variables for their HFF consumption including demographic characteristics, parental health concern on offsprings, food eating frequency of subjects and beliefs on potential efficacy of HFF by subjects. The consumption prevalence of HFF was 45.9%, and among all types of HFF, nutritional supplements were taken most frequently, followed by apricot extract-fermented products > lactic acid bacteria containing products > EPA/DHA containing products > red ginseng products. HFF consumption was higher in subjects had parents of high education level (p < .05) and those from families with a high socioeconomic status (p < .01) in comparison to each corresponding group. Health concern on offsprings by parents (p < .001) and consumption ratio of HFF by family (p < .001) was higher in consumers than in nonconsumers of HFF. Total score of dietary assessment was higher in consumers than in nonconsumers of HFF (p < .01), and consumers had a more positive view concerning the potential efficacy of HFF than did nonconsumers (p < .001). Most consumers of HFF took HFF when they were healthy (42.5%), and they did not feel special effects through HFF consumption (47.7%). Most consumers of HFF got the information on HFF from family and relatives (24.8%), and most of them purchased HFF at pharmacy or oriental medicine clinics (53.9%). HFF consumers preferred multi-vitamins and Ca-supplements most among the vitamin mineral supplements belonged to HFF. Given the widespread consumption of HFF by elementary schoolchildren, the reasonable consumption of these products for the contribution to their overall health and well-being should be emphasized through nutrition education for them and their family.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2009

This study was carried out to collect the basic data about gestation lengths and offspring's birth weights and sex ratio of the dairy recipients transferred with Hanwoo IVF embryos. Blastocysts cultured for $7{\sim}8$ days were transferred to 96 and 167 heads for the basic data about gestation length and offspring's birth weight and sex ratio of the dairy recipients, respectively. The gestation lengths of the dairy recipients transferred with Hanwoo IVF embryos were $287.3{\pm}11.2$ ($257{\sim}311$) and $284.1{\sim}7.7$ ($266{\sim}295$) days in male and female of the offspring, respectively. The gestation lengths of the recipients were $290.7{\pm}10.4$, $285.8{\pm}3.4$, $280.0{\pm}9.3$ and $286.1{\pm}7.9$ days in spring, summer, autumn and winter of the calving season, respectively, and were significantly different among the calving season (p<0.05). The birth weights of male and female calves were $25.5{\pm}2.4$ ($21{\sim}30$) and $26.3{\pm}3.9$ ($21{\sim}40$ kg in offsprings of the dairy recipients transferred with Hanwoo IVF embryos, respectively. The sex ratio was 90.7 in the offsprings of the dairy recipients transferred with Hanwoo IVF embryos.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.172-176
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• 1984

몇가지 수도용 살충제를 공시하여 아치사약량 수집($LD_{10}$과 $LD_{50}$)을 처리하였을 때 차세대 벼멸구의 밀도에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 1. 농약원제의 $LD_{10}$과 $LD_{50}$ 수집의 약량을 처리하였을 때 공시약제 모두 무처리밀도보다 낮았고 $LD_{50}$보다 $LD_{10}$ 수집에서 밀도증식이 높았으며 Diazinon 처리에서 밀도증식이 비교적 높았다. 2. 제품농약의 유천약량을 벼멸구 자성충과 약충에 처리한 다음 1세대후 벼멸구의 약충기간은 약간 지연되는 경향이었으나 우화율은 약제처리에서 약간 높은 경향이나 자성충의 수명은 약제간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 그러나 산란수는 무처리에 비하여 Diazinon 처리에서 오히려 높았다. 3. 제품농약의 유천약량을 처리한 후 밀도변동을 조사한 결과 처리 약 38일까지는 무처리에 비하여 낮은 밀도를 보였으나 54일후 Diazinon 처리에서는 오히려 벼멸구의 밀도가 높게 나타났다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1987

A teratogenic study was carried out on New zealand White rabbits in order to examine the teratogenic potentiality of the recombinant human interferon-${\alpha}$A(rHuIFN-${\alpha}A$), an available therapeutic agent. The rHuIFN-${\alpha}A$ was intravenously administered at dose sevels of $1{\times}10^5$, $4{\times}10^5$ and $1.2{\times}10^6$ I.U/kg/day for a period of13 days from day 6 to day 18 of gestation. Two-thirds of the pregnant females in each group were sacrificed on day 29 of gestation and their fetuses were examined. The remaining dams were allowed to litter naturally, and the postnatal develpment of the offsprings was observed. The administration of rHuIFN-${\alpha}A$ during a period of organogenesis produced no embryotoxic and teratogenic effects.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Parthenogenesis in mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. acquires immense use in the development of outstanding homozygous lines with higher viability, hybrid vigour, combining ability and less phenotypic variability. It can serve as a powerful tool in controlling sex of the offsprings as well as a useful tool in selection. In fact India is the second largest silk producing country in the world next only to China and all the five types of natural silks viz., mulberry, oak tasar, tropical tasar, muga and eri are produced in India. However, little information is available on the role of artificial parthenogenesis in the development of superior silkworm breeds. This paper overviews some important studies carried out on artificial parthenogenesis, and outline of different types of parthenogenesis, methods of induction of artificial parthenogenesis, factors responsible for successful parthenogenetic development, cytogenetics of artificial parthenogenesis and role of artificial parthenogenesis in silkworm breeding. Besides, an attempt is made to describe briefly about parthenogenetic engineering which includes cloning in silkworm, artificial insemination, chimeras, hybridization, chromosomal substitution and recombinant DNA in silkworm.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.419-421
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• 2001

Heritability estimations of masu salmon smelt at underyearing of age were described. Masu salmon was taken from aquaculture station of Mori in Japan. After fertilization, the offsprings in each family were reared in separate egg trays and fingerling tanks. The percentage of fish in each tank which smoltified at 11-month old was recorded, and environmental and genetic factors influencing the percentage smoltification were also studied. Percentage of smoltification was not significantly affected by the number of fish held in a tank, or fish density (correlation coefficient 0.10). However, there was a high correlation ($0.821\~0.565$) between smelt percentage and growth related traits of fish in a family. Heritability estimated from total data was $0.47\pm0.13$, when effects of tanks were ignored.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2012

In this paper a new method of handling linear constraints for the genetic algorithm is suggested. The method is designed to maintain the feasibility of offsprings during the evolution process of the genetic algorithm. In the genetic algorithm, the chromosomes are coded as the vectors in the real vector space constrained by the linear constraints. A method of handling the linear constraints already exists in which all the constraints of equalities are eliminated so that only the constraints of inequalities are considered in the process of the genetic algorithm. In this paper a new method is presented in which all the constraints of inequalities are eliminated so that only the constraints of equalities are considered. Several genetic operators such as arithmetic crossover, simplex crossover, simple crossover and random vector mutation are designed so that the resulting offspring vectors maintain the feasibility subject to the linear constraints in the framework of the new handling method.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권9호
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• pp.1636-1641
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• 2008

In this study, we introduce a new approach to Parallel Genetic Algorithms (PGA) which combines AHFCGA with crossover operator. As to crossover operators, we use three types of the crossover operators such as modified simple crossover(MSX), arithmetic crossover(AX), and Unimodal Normal Distribution Crossover(UNDX) for real coding. The AHFC model is given as an extended and adaptive version of HFC for parameter optimization. The migration topology of AHFC is composed of sub-populations(demes), the admission threshold levels, and admission buffer for the deme of each threshold level through succesive evolution process. In particular, UNDX is mean-centric crossover operator using multiple parents, and generates offsprings obeying a normal distribution around the center of parents. By using test functions having multimodality and/or epistasis, which are commonly used in the study of function parameter optimization, Experimental results show that AHFCGA can produce more preferable output performance result when compared to HFCGA and RCGA.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2003

Living creatures maintain their variety through speciation, which helps them to have more fitness for an environment. So evolutionary algorithm based on biological evolution must maintain variety in order to adapt to its environment. In this paper, we utilize the concept of speciation. Each individual of population creates their offsprings using mutation, and next generation consists of them. Each individual explores search space determined by mutation. Useful search space is extended by differentiation, then population explorers whole search space very effectively. If evolvable hardware evolves through mutation, it is useful way to explorer search space because of less varying inner structure. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by applying it to two optimization problems.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제29권
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• pp.45-62
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• 1995

'Vow by Five Meritorious Subjects' was drawn up in November 14 of the second year of King Sejo's reign. The document was a pledge taken by King Sejo's son, Prince Chang, and the King's five meritorious officers in charge of national foundation (개국공신), affairs(정사공신), national defense(좌명공신), national security(정난공신), national building(좌익공신), and their offsprings in an attempt to consolidate their political power and to eliminate the opposition after having forged their coup as if King Tanjong abdicated his throne in favor of King Sejo. The signatories to this document numbered 137 persons whereas non-signatories were 83. It appears that those 83 non-signitorious were unabled to sign the vow for they were not present at the signing ceremony which followed the drafting of the document because all of them had, later on, been promoted to advice King Sejo.