• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.206-209
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• 2015

Ascending aortic aneurysms are usually treated with graft replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass. However, if a candidate for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting has an enlarged ascending aorta, surgeons may consider wrapping it without cardiopulmonary bypass. Here, we report a 78-year-old female who underwent successful wrapping of the ascending aorta concomitant with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, using a new wrapping technique that involves multiple bootstraps.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.461-464
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• 2016

Coronary artery disease has historically been a contraindication to lung transplantation. We report a successful combined bilateral lung transplantation and off-pump coronary artery bypass in a 62-year-old man. The patient had a progressive decline in lung function due to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and a history of severe occlusive coronary artery disease.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2004

In recent, many cardiac centers have preferred off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to on-pump CABG to prevent the adverse effects of cardiopulmonary bypass. The present study was performed to prove beneficial effects of off-pump CABG. Sixty adult patients scheduled for elective CABG were randomly assigned to On-pump group (n=30) or Off-pump group (n=30). Arterial blood samples were drawn before and after the operation (Pre-OP and Post-OP, respectively) for measuring CBC, prothrombin time, activated thromboplastine time, blood gas analysis, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) level, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. Perioperative parameters including heparin and protamine usages, complications, blood components usages, blood loss, ventilation and ICU-staying time, and hospitalization were also evaluated. Platelet count at Post-OP was high in Off-pump group whereas CK-MB and LDH levels were low compared with On-pump group. Off-pump group had significantly lower heparin and protamine usages, lower total leukocyte count, higher hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, less blood loss, lower usages of blood components, shorter ventilation and ICU-staying time, and lower incidence of pleural effusion than On-pump group. Other variables did not significantly differ between two groups. These results showed that Off-pump CABG was a satisfactory technique with less inflammatory reaction, less cardiac damage, less postoperative complications, and less cost.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2017

Background: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) procedures can avoid the complications of an on-pump bypass. However, some cases unexpectedly require conversion to cardiopulmonary bypass during OPCABG. The risk factors associated with a sudden need for cardiopulmonary bypass were analyzed. Methods: This retrospective study included 283 subjects scheduled for OPCABG from 2001 to 2010. These were divided into an OPCABG group and an on-pump conversion group. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative variables were compared between the 2 groups. Results: Of the 283 patients scheduled for OPCABG, 47 (16%) were switched to on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The mortality of the both the OPCABG and on-pump conversion groups was not significantly different. The major risk factors for conversion to on-pump CABG were congestive heart failure (CHF) (odds ratio [OR], 3.5; p=0.029), ejection fraction (EF) <35% (OR, 4.4; p=0.012), and preoperative beta-blocker (BB) administration (OR, 0.3; p=0.007). The use of intraoperative (p=0.007) and postoperative (p=0.021) inotropics was significantly higher in the conversion group. The amount of postoperative drainage (p<0.001) and transfusion (p<0.001) also was significantly higher in the conversion group. There were no significant differences in stroke or cardiovascular complications between the groups over the course of short-term and long-term follow-up. Conclusion: Patients who undergo OPCABG and have CHF or a lower EF (<35%) are more likely to undergo on-pump conversion, while preoperative BB administration could help prevent conversions from OPCABG to on-pump CABG.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.427-434
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• 2016

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated the benefits of off-pump coronary bypass grafting over the on-pump technique in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). To further reduce the risk of acute kidney injury and the need for renal replacement therapy, even in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, we adopted protocol-based perioperative management for patients with CKD. Methods: From December 2012 to March 2015, 265 patients underwent isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. To analyze renal function in a stable condition, we excluded 12 dialysis-dependent end stage renal failure and 10 emergency or urgent cases. Among the remaining 243 patients, 208 patients had normal kidney function (normal group), and 35 patients had CKD (CKD group). Minimizing contrast exposure, ensuring adequate hydration, using strict drug dosage adjustment, and optimizing hemodynamic status were key elements of the protocol for the CKD group. Results: The risk of acute kidney injury was about ${\times}3$ higher in the CKD group than in the normal group (p=0.01). Estimated glomerular filtration rates and serum creatinine levels deteriorated until the third postoperative day in the CKD group. However, by adopting protocol-based perioperative management, this transient renal dysfunction recovered to preoperative levels by the fifth postoperative day without requiring renal replacement therapy in all cases. Conclusion: Off-pump coronary bypass surgery combined with this protocol-based perioperative management strategy in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD could mostly be performed without renal replacement therapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2014

Background: Redo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is still associated with increased morbidity and mortality as compared to the first-time operation. Further, the application of the off-pump technique to redo CABG is limited due to technical difficulties. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze early and midterm results after redo CABG and compare the outcome of redo on-pump and off-pump CABG. Methods: From June 1996 to October 2011, elective redo CABG was performed in 32 patients. Mean age was 64.8 years (on pump 64.3 years vs. off pump 65.5 years; p=0.658), and 21 patients were male. Among these patients, 14 (43.8%) underwent on-pump CABG, and 18 (56.2%) underwent off-pump CABG. Results: Internal thoracic artery was used in 22 patients (68.8%), and total arterial revascularization was achieved in 17 patients (53.1%). The average number of distal anastomoses was 2.13, and the rate of incomplete revascularization was 43.8%. The rate of total arterial revascularization was higher in the off-pump group (14.3% vs. 83.3%, p<0.001), and the use of saphenous vein graft was more in the on-pump group (78.6% vs. 16.7%, p<0.001). Overall hospital mortality was 3.1% (n=1) and was comparable in both groups (on pump 7.1% vs. off pump 0%; p=0.249). Postoperative complications occurred in 9 patients (64.2%), and the rate of complications was high in the on-pump group without statistical significance (64.2% vs. 33.3%, p=0.082). The mean follow-up duration was 5.4 years, and overall survival at 10 years was $86.0%{\pm}10.5%$. There was no significant difference in the 10-year survival rate between the two groups (79.6% vs. 100%, p=0.225). Conclusion: Redo CABG can be safely performed with acceptable mortality. Redo off-pump coronary artery bypass is feasible with low mortality and morbidity, comparable target vessel bypass grafting, and long-term survival. The off-pump technique might be considered a safe option for redo CABG in high-risk patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.553-558
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• 2004

심장 박동상태에서 시행하는 관상동맥우회술(off-pump CABG)은 심폐체외순환하에서 시행하는 관상동맥우회술(on-pump CABG)에 비해 수술 후 유병률을 줄일 수 있는 방법으로 보고되고 있다. 저자들은 특히 수술 후 합병증의 발생 가능성이 높은 당뇨환자에 있어서 off-pump CABG와 on-pump CABG의 임상 결과를 비교하여 off-pump CABG가 당뇨환자의 유병률에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2001년 1월부터 2003년 6월까지 연세대학교 심장혈관병원에서 관상동맥우회출만을 시행받은 682명(off-pump CABG군: 424명, on-pump CABG: 258명)의 환자들 중 당뇨가 있는 환자 244명을 대상으로 하였다. 이 중 off-pump CABG는 154명, on-pump CABG는 90명의 환자들에서 시행하였다. 이 환자들을 대상으로 수술 전 위험요소들과 수술 후 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 연령, 남녀 비 및 수술 전 고혈압 등의 위험요소와, 수술 전 뇌경색이나 심근경색의 기왕력 등 수술위험 요소도 두 군간의 통계적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이식편수는 on-pump CABG에서 유의하게 많았으나, 수술 시간은 off-pump CABG에서 통계적으로 유의하게 짧았고, 수술 후 강심제 사용빈도는 off-pump CABG에서 유의하게 낮았다. 수술 사망은 차이가 없었으며, 수술 후 측정한 CK-MB, 중환자실 인원기간 및 호흡기 사용시간은 off-pump CABG에서 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다. 그러나 출혈로 인한 재수술, 수술 후 심근경색증, 감염, 신부전증, 신경학적 합병증 및 수술 후 입원 기간 등은 두 군간에 통제적 유의성이 없었다. 결론: 당뇨환자에서 시행한 off-pump CABG는 on-pump CABG에 비해 심근의 손상이 적으면서 수술 후 회복이 빨랐다. 따라서 두 방법 모두 좋은 결과를 보여 주었으나, off-pump CABG가 당뇨환자에서 좀 더 효과적인 수술 방법이라고 생각한다. 그러나 전향적인 연구 등 더 많은 연구가 필요하리라 생각한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.377-382
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• 2006

Oxidative stress occurs in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass operation. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in oxidative stress in off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. In the present study, in serial blood samples, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) as index of lipid peroxidation, red blood cells glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured to compare the extent of oxidative stress in 30 patients undergoing OPCAB (off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting), 12 patients undergoing CABG (on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting) and 18 healthy controls. In CABG group, MDA levels increased significantly from $2.87{\pm}0.62\;nmol/mL$ before anesthesia and $2.87{\pm}0.65\;nmol/mL$ after anesthesia to $3.05{\pm}0.66\;nmol/mL$ after ischemia (p < 0.05). Similarly, SOD levels also elevated significantly from $661.58{\pm}78.70\;U/g$ Hb before anesthesia and $659.42{\pm}81.21\;U/g$ Hb anesthesia induction to $678.08{\pm}75.80\;U/g$ Hb after ischemia (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, respectively). In OPCAB group, only SOD levels increased from $581.73{\pm}86.24\;U/g$ Hb anesthesia induction to $590.90{\pm}88.90\;U/g$ Hb after reperfusion (p < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase levels were not changed according to blood collection times in both of CABG group or OPCAB group (p > 0.05). Our results show that only mild signs of oxidative stress is found after reperfusion in OPCAB operation compared with CABG operation. Further studies are needed in order to confirm this hypothesis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1123-1126
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• 1999

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) technique has been much developed but CABG under cardiopulmonary bypass has the unavoidable deficits such as generalized inflammatory reaction from cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischemia from aortic-cross clamp. There has been remarkable advancement of CABG without cadiopulmonary bypass. We performed CABG successfully without cardiopulmonary bypass. We performed CABG successfully without cardiopulmonary bypass in two patients with multivessel coronary disease who were failed to intervene with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. We herein report the two cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.553-555
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• 2006

고혈압과 고지혈증 그리고 허혈성심질환을 가진 62세 여자 환자가 심폐기를 이용하지 않는 관동맥우회술을 시행한 뒤 척추신경경색이 발생하였다. 심폐기를 이용하지 않는 관동맥우회술을 시행하는 경우 신경계 합병증의 발생 빈도는 통상의 관동맥우회술보다 낮다고 알려져 있다. 특히 관동맥우회술후 척추신경경색의 발생은 매우 드물다. 심폐기를 이용하지 않는 관동맥우회술을 시행한 후 척추신경경색이 발생한 1예를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.