• Title/Summary/Keyword: Off-axis

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Optical System Design for a Head-up Display Using Aberration Analysis of an Off-axis Two-mirror System

  • Kim, Byung-Hyun;Park, Sung-Chan
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.481-487
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    • 2016
  • This study presents a new optical system for a combiner-type head-up display (HUD) with a cylindrical lens as an asymmetrical aberration corrector, instead of a freeform mirror. In the initial design process based on off-axial aberration analysis, we obtain an off-axis two-mirror system corrected for linear astigmatism and spherical aberration by adding a conic secondary mirror to an off-axis paraboloidal mirror. Thus, since the starting optical system for an HUD is corrected for dominant aberrations, it enables us to balance the residual asymmetrical aberrations with a simple optical surface such as a cylinder, not a complex freeform surface. From this design process, an optical system for an HUD having good performance is finally obtained. The size of the virtual image is 10 inches at 2 meters away from a combiner, and the area of the eye box is 130×50 mm2.

Characterization of the Crystallized ITO Thin Films Grown at a Low Temperature by Off-axis RF Magnetron Sputtering (Off-axis RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 저온에서 결정화된 ITO 박막의 특성)

  • Choi, Hyung-Jin;Jung, Hyun-June;Hur, Sung-Gi;Yoon, Soon-Gil
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.126-130
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    • 2011
  • In this study, off-axis magnetron sputtering was used for the crystallized ITO thin films at a low temperature of about $120^{\circ}C$ instead of the conventional RF sputtering because the off-axis sputtering can avoid the damage for the plasma as well as fabrication of thin films with a high quality. The ITO thin films grown on PET substrate at $120^{\circ}C$ were crystallized with a (222) preferred orientation. 58-nm thick ITO films showed a resistivity of about $2{\times}10-4{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ and a transmittance of about 75% at a wavelength of 550 nm. The transmittance of the ITO thin films by an insertion of SiO2 thin films on ITO films was improved.

Growth of Heteroepitaxial ZnO Thin Film by Off-axis RF Magnetron Sputtering (Off-axis 고주파 마그네트론 스퍼터링법을 이용한 이종에피텍셜 ZnO 박막 성장)

  • 박재완;박종완;이전국
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.262-267
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    • 2003
  • The heteroepitaxial ZnO thin film on sapphire (0001) substrate was prepared by an off-axis Radio Frequency(RF) magnetron sputtering. The crystallinity of ZnO thin film was affected by deposition pressure, RF power, and substrate temperature. High quality heteroepitaxial ZnO thin film was obtained when the kinetic energy of sputtered particles is well harmonized with the surface mobility. In the result of Photoluminescence(PL) of heteroepitaxial ZnO thin film, Ultraviolet(UV) emissions at 3.36 and 3.28 eV were observed at low(17 K) and Room Temperature(RT). respectively. As the ZnO thin film was annealed in O$_2$ambient, the crystallinity was improved while UV emission was drastically decreased.

Effects of Higher-Order Laue Zone Reflections on HRTEM Images for illumination along an off-Bone Axis of a Crystal (비 결정 축(off-zone axis)으로 입사된 빔에 대한 고 분해 투과전자현미경 이미지에서 HOLZ 반사 빔의 효과)

  • Kim, Hwang-Su
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.259-269
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    • 2007
  • In this paper we explored a possibility of observation for effects of higher-order Laue zone(HOLZ) reflections on high resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM) images for illumination along an off-zone axis of a crystal. The analysis of the observation could give useful three dimensional crystal structure information. For the image simulation the Howie-Whelan equation was used with modification of including HOLZ reflections. This study clearly indicates that HRTEM images for a very thin crystal tilted by a few degrees from a zone axis show the effects of HOLZ reflections and contain some information of atomic arrangements along the zone axis.

Crystallized Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films at a Low Temperature on Polymer Substrate by Off-axis RF Magnetron Sputtering

  • Choe, Hyeong-Jin;Jeong, Hyeon-Jun;Yun, Sun-Gil
    • Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2011.10a
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    • pp.22.1-22.1
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    • 2011
  • In this study, off-axis RF magnetron sputtering was used for the crystallized ITO thin films at a low temperature of about $120^{\circ}C$ instead of the conventional RF sputtering because the off-axis sputtering can avoid the damage for the plasma as well as fabrication of thin films with a high quality. The structural, optical and electrical properties of the obtained films depending on deposition parameters, such as sputtering power, gas flow and working pressure, have been investigated. The ITO thin films grown on PET substrate at $120^{\circ}C$ were crystallized with a (222) preferred orientation. 100-nm thick ITO films showed a resistivity of about $4.2{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}-cm$ and a transmittance of about 81% at a wavelength of 550nm. The transmittance of the ITO thin films by an insertion of $SiO_2$ thin films on ITO films was improved.

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ZnO Nanostructure Formed by Off-axis Pulsed Laser Deposition (Off-axis 펄스레이저 증착법으로 성장된 ZnO 나노구조에 관한 연구)

  • 강정석;강홍성;김재원;이상렬
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.319-322
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    • 2004
  • ZnO nanostructures were formed on a Si substrate by off-axis pulsed laser deposition(PLD) system in which a substrate plane was tilted toward a plume propagation direction. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed islands of 20∼40 nm width. From the x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern exhibiting only (002) ZnO peak, the islands observed in AFM image were found to well crystallized. Optical bandgap enlargement from 3.26 eV to 3.35 and 3.47 eV due to the quantum size effect of ZnO nanostructures were observed by Photoluminescence (PL) at room temperature.

Novel PVA pixel design for mobile application with excellent off-axis image quality

  • Kim, Jae-Hyun;Kim, Gee-Bum;Choi, Ji-Youn;Jang, Yong-Kyu;Ahn, Seon-Hong;Kim, Kyeong-Hyeon;Kim, Sang-Soo
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.295-298
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    • 2008
  • We developed a novel PVA pixel design for mobile application with excellent off-axis image quality and optical performance by introducing Active Level Shift technology and optimizing pixel structure. Our new pixel design enables better off-axis image quality without sacrificing other optical properties compared with a conventional mPVA structure.

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Surface Form Measurement Using Single Shot Off-axis Fizeau Interferometry

  • Abdelsalam, Dahi Ghareab;Baek, Byung-Joon;Cho, Yong-Jai;Kim, Dae-Suk
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.409-414
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    • 2010
  • This paper describes the surface form measurement of a spherical smooth surface by using single shot off-axis Fizeau interferometry. The demodulated phase map is obtained and unwrapped to remove the $2\pi$ ambiguity. The unwrapped phase map is converted to height and the 3D surface height of the surface object is reconstructed. The results extracted from the single shot off-axis geometry are compared with the results extracted from four-frame phase shifting in-line interferometry, and the results are in excellent agreement.

Characterization of the Crystallized ITO Thin Films Grown at Different Temperatures by Off-axis RF Magnetron Sputtering (유연성 기판 위에 증착된 ITO 박막의 공정 온도에 따른 전기적·광학적 특성 평가)

  • Choi, Hyung-Jin;Yoon, Soon-Gil
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.397-400
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    • 2013
  • Off-axis magnetron sputtering was used for the crystallized ITO thin films deposition at various temperatures from 25 to $120^{\circ}C$. The ITO thin films were crystallized at $50^{\circ}C$ for Si (001) substrates and at $75^{\circ}C$ for PET substrate. The ITO thin films grown onto PET substrate at $120^{\circ}C$ were crystallized with a (222) preferred orientation. The 160-nm thick ITO films showed a resistivity of about $7{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ and a transmittance of about 84% at a wavelength of 550 nm. Off-axis sputtering can be applied for low temperature crystallization of the ITO films.