• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1628-1634
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• 2022

Objective: This study focused on the effect of dietary metallo-protease and Bacillus velezensis CE 100 on growth performance, carcass parameters, intestinal microflora, footpad dermatitis (FPD), and manure odor in broiler chickens. Methods: One hundred-ten (two-day-old Ross 308) broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five groups with two replicate pens. The dietary treatments were divided to control, metallo-protease groups (A1, added with 0.1%; A2, added with 0.2%) and B. velezensis CE 100 groups (B1, added with 0.5%; B2, added with 1.0%). Results: The feed intake was decreased in A1 and B2 compared to the other group (p<0.05). The liver weight was lower in B2 than in A2 (p<0.05). The Salmonella in the cecum was decreased in A2 compared to control and A1 (p<0.05). However, the lactic acid bacteria were increased in all treatments (p<0.05). The litter moisture content was decreased in A2, B1, and B2 (p<0.05). The litter quality visual score was increased in all treatments (p<0.05). The FPD score and prevalence were reduced in all treatments (p<0.05). The (CH₃)₂S emission was decreased in all treatments (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study indicated that both additives improve litter quality and reduce the incidence of FPD. These findings suggest that dietary metallo-protease and B. velezensis CE 100 have the potential to improve the broiler chickens' welfare.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2008

본 연구는 효소복합체 처리가 양돈분뇨의 액비화 과정의 악취제어 가능성을 조사하기 위하여 액비저장 탱크에 4주간 저장하면서 효소복합체 처리, 폭기 처리, 효소와 폭기 동시 처리 및 대조구로 나누어 비교하였다. 또한 효소복합체를 돈사에 살포하여 돈사내 공기의 질과 양돈장 부지경계선에서의 복합악취농도를 조사하였는데, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 효소복합체와 폭기 처리는 양돈분뇨의 액비화 과정의 암모니아와 황화수소 농도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었으며, 암모니아와 황화수소 농도는 4주간의 액비화 과정 동안 지속적으로 감소되었다. 효소복합체의 일정 수준 처리는 양돈분뇨 액비화 과정의 악취저감을 위한 효율적인 수단이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 효소복합체와 폭기 처리는 양돈분뇨의 액비화 과정의 총질소, 총인 및 암모니아성 질소 농도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었으며, 효소복합체 처리는 양돈분뇨 액비의 품질 유지와 악취저감을 위한 하나의 기술적 대안으로 충분한 것으로 보인다. 효소복합체 살포는 돈사내 공기의 질을 개선하고 양돈장의 부지경계선에서의 복합악취 저감에도 효과적으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 요약하면, 효소복합체 처리는 양돈분뇨 액비화 과정의 악취제어와 고품질 액비제조 가능성이 인정되며, 돈사 내부 및 양돈장 환경개선과 악취저감 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 청정기술
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.345-356
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• 2017

퇴비화 과정은 유기물질을 비료와 같은 유용한 자원으로 전환하는 생물학적 과정이다. 퇴비화는 유기물과 환경조건(탄질율, 온도, 습도, 산소공급, pH 등)의 변화에 적응하는 미생물 군집의 연속적인 천이과정으로 이해될 수 있다. 우리나라에서의 유기성 폐기물을 처리하는 퇴비사의 악취는 도시화 가속화에 따른 신도시개발, 공장이나 주거지역들의 생활지역 근접화에 따라 악취를 발생시키는 원인이 되어 관공서에 민원이 제기되는등 사회적인 문제가 되고 있다. 이의 저감방안으로 퇴비사에서 우점하는 미생물을 규명하고 미생물 군집의 변화를 조사, 연구하여 생장환경에 맞게 적용하는 것은 퇴비공정의 효율적인 개선과 생산된 퇴비의 품질제어, 악취저감 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 퇴비화에 있어 최적의 운용기술과 악취발생을 저감하는 방법들을 중심으로 고찰하였다. 퇴비화 공정에서 부숙활동에 효과적인 올바른 미생물종의 선택과 개체수의 빠른 증가가 부숙을 촉진시킨다. 이에 따른 미생물 분해활동을 통한 부숙 극대화를 위한 공기량(산소), 온도, 습도 등 박테리아의 최적 생장조건을 제시하였다. 악취제거 및 수분조절기능이 있는 다공성광물을 사용했더니 악취가 현저하게 개선되어 졌다. 미생물의 생장조건을 최적화 부숙환경을 개선, 부숙을 촉진시켜 악취를 저감하는 최근기술들도 제시하였다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.57-60
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• 2003

앞으로 친환경 유기농업을 위한 축산환경 보전 및 퇴비 유통과 이용을 촉진하기 위해서는 대기, 수질, 토양오염 등의 환경오염을 방지하는 축산 환경기술 개발뿐만 아니라, 축분퇴비품질 기준면에서 경종농가 작물 사용에 적합한 고품질 퇴비제조와 간단한 평가 방법의 확립이 필요한 시점에 와 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.597-603
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• 1999

Even though the development of livestock industry in Asia and Australasia has brought the economic growth and thus elevated the living standard in these areas, it has also brought the pollution caused by the increasing amount of animal wastes. Among them, Japan probably is the first country that suffered from the animal waste pollution as early as in 1970s. Nowadays, the animal waste pollution has been a common problem for almost every countries in this region. To solve it, different measures and regulations have been implemented in many countries. In this paper, different methods for animal waste disposal are discussed, including: manure-bed animal housing, composting, anaerobic treatment, odor control, utilization of biogas, aerobic treatment, three-step process, N and P removal, land application, cultivation of algae, anaerobic treatment of dead animals. It is hoped that an animal industry without pollution can be achieved in the future.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 1999

Postoperative pain, poor oral intake and various complaints of adenotonsillectomized patients are the main problems for the otolaryngologist. Steroids have been advocated to reduce morbidity after adenotonsillectomy, but the results are conflicting. This study is to determine the effect of preoperative and postoperative oral steroid. Material and Methods : A prospective, randomized study was performed on 40 patients from 4 to 13 years of age. 20 patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy received steroid(experimental group), others undergoing adenotonsillectomy did not receive steroid(control group). An oral prednisolone was administered preoperatively for 3 days and postoperatively 7 days. A dosage was determined by patient's weight. Postoperatively each patients was examined for weight loss as well as for subjective signs of pain, oral intake, activity, mouth odor and analgesic usage. Results： experimental group showed decreased morbidity in view of postoperative pain, oral intake with statistical significance (p<0.05). The usage of analgesics was decreased in steroid group. but, activity, mouth odor and body weight showed no statistical difference. Conclusion： The results showed that preoperative and postoperative oral steroid affect the postoperative morbidity in adenotonsillectomy.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.461-466
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• 1999

As a part of investigation to use sardine(Sardinops melanoslicta) more effectively as a food source, this study was undertaken the processing condition of rapid- and low salt-fermented liquefaction of sardine. To prepare rapid fermented products, the chopped whole sardine was added 8% NaCl and then preheating treatment at $40^{\circ}C,\;45^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$ in the manufactured fermenter(180L) for 9 hrs, and then fermentation at $33^{\circ}C$ for 90 days. The chemical changes such as amino nitrogen(amino-N), volatile basic nitrogen(VBN), and histamine in the hydrolysates of fermented sardine were analyzed as well as viable cell count and organoleptic evaluation during fermentation to compare the quality between control and preheating samples. During fermenting, the amino-N in the hydrolysates increased rapidly during the first 30 days and slowly thereafter. The highest content of amino-N appeared at 75 days in control sample and $60{\sim}75$ days in preheating samples. The changes of VBN in the hydrolysates increased rapidly during first 15 days in control samples and 30 days in preheating samples. However they were generally low level in preheating samples. Histamine content in the hydrolysates of the control samples increased markedly after 15 days, but preheating samples were generally low level, and then $75{\sim}90$ days of fermentation reached to the maximum which was about $2.0{\sim}3.0$ times lower than that of control samples. As for the organoleptic flavor evaluation, the control and preheating at $40^{\circ}C$ samples were unpleasant odor after 15 and 60 days, respectively. But preheating at $45^{\circ}\;and\;50^{\circ}$ samples were fresh odor after 90 days fermentation.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.483-497
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• 2024

This study investigated the effects of ultra-ground seaweed powders (USP) on the physicochemical properties (proximate composition, mineral contents, pH, color, shear force, sensory evaluation, electronic nose, and electronic tongue) of restructured black goat jerky. Restructured black goat jerky was prepared using three different treatments, i.e., 3% (w/w) each of ultra-ground sea tangle (ST; Undaria pinnatifida), sea mustard (SM; Saccharina japonica), and sea string (SS; Gracilaria verrucosa) powders. Moisture and ash contents were significantly higher in the USP-treated group than in the control (p<0.05). Potassium, calcium, and zinc contents were significantly higher in the SM than in the other USP-treated groups (p<0.05). In contrast, pH values were significantly higher in the ST and SM than in the control and SS (p<0.05). CIE L^*, CIE a^*, CIE b^*, and shear force were significantly lower in the USP-treated groups than in the control (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation revealed no significant difference in taste, texture, seaweed-like odor, and goaty flavor (p<0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) and peak graph analysis of the electronic nose showed that the SS differed the most from the control compared with the other USP-treated groups, owing to the seaweed odor of ultra-ground SS powder. The PCA and ranking analysis of the electronic tongue showed that the umami taste of the SM was higher than that of the control and other USP-treated groups. Therefore, the potassium, calcium, zinc contents, and umami taste of reconstituted black goat jerky were significantly higher in the SM than in the control and other USP-treated groups.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

실제 규모의 반밀폐 교반통기식 퇴비화 시스템에서 돈분과 톱밥의 혼합물을 퇴비화하는 과정에서 발생하는 암모니아가스의 탈취처리를 위하여 개방식 바이오필터 시스템을 제작하고 바이오필터로서 부숙퇴비를 이용하여 탈취시험을 수행하였다. 퇴비화 및 탈취과정에서 재료의 이화학적 특성 및 암모니아가스의 발생량을 측정하여 퇴비화의 특성 및 바이오필터 시스템의 성능을 분석하였다. 바이오필터의 암모니아가스 탈취효율은 2개월 평균 84%로 나타났으며 탈취재를 통과한 후의 암모니아가스의 농도는 최대 45ppm 이하로 나타나 허용농도 (50ppm) 범위에 있었다. 부숙퇴비는 교반통기식 퇴비화 시스템에서 발생하는 암모니아가스의 탈취재로 활용할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.616-623
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• 2007

A dual micro gas sensor array was fabricated using nano sized $SnO_2$ thin films which had good sensitivities to CO and combustible gases, or $H_2S$ gas for air quality sensors in automobile. The already existed air quality sensor detects oxidizing gases and reducing gases, the air quality sensor(AQS), located near the fresh air inlet detected the harmful gases, the fresh air inlet door/ventilation flap was closed to reduce the amount of pollution entering the vehicle cabin through HVAC(heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) system. In this study, to make $SnO_2$ thin film AQS sensor, thin tin metal layer between 1000 and $2000{\AA}$ thick was oxidized between 600 and $800^{\circ}C$ by thermal oxidation. The gas sensing layers such as $SnO_2$, $SnO_2$(pt) and $SnO_2$(+CuO) were patterned by metal shadow mask for simple fabrication process on the silicon substrate. The micro gas sensors with $SnO_2$(+Pt) and $SnO_2$(CuO) showed good selectivity to CO gas among reducing gases and good sensitivity to $H_2S$ that is main component of bad odor, separately.