• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.282-285
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• 2020

A 14-year-old neutered-male Shih-Tzu was referred for glaucoma and hyphema accompanied by systemic hypertension. After topical corticosteroid and antiglaucoma medications, the left eye (OS) progressed phthisically, but ocular hypertension redevelop one-year-and-seven-months later. Suspected limbal melanoma developed in peripheral cornea/limbal sclera with heavily pigmented cornea OS. Ultrasound biomicroscopy and ocular ultrasonography differentiated ciliary body origin-heterogeneous mass from limbal mass. Persistent hyphema and pigmented cornea might obscure intraocular lesion and advanced diagnostic methods played a crucial role. Unlike the generally benign limbal melanoma, aggressive treatment was recommended for uveal tumor. Histopathology of enucleated OS confirmed malignant uveal melanoma with chronic hypertensive vasculopathy.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.742-748
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• 2024

Objective: ¹⁸F-N-(2-(Diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) picolinamide (¹⁸F-PFPN) is a novel positron emission tomography (PET) probe designed to specifically targets melanin. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic feasibility of ¹⁸F-PFPN in patients with ocular or orbital melanoma. Materials and Methods: Three patients with pathologically confirmed ocular or orbital melanoma (one male, two females; age 41-59 years) were retrospectively reviewed. Each patient underwent comprehensive ¹⁸F-PFPN and ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) PET scans. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max) of the lesion and the interference caused by background tissue were compared between ¹⁸F-PFPN and ¹⁸F-FDG PET imaging. In addition, the effect of intrinsic pigments in the uvea and retina on the interpretation of the results was examined. The contralateral non-tumorous eye of each patient served as a control. Results: All primary tumors (3/3) were detected using ¹⁸F-PFPN PET, while only two primary tumors were detected using ¹⁸F-FDG PET. Within each lesion, the SUV_max of ¹⁸F-PFPN was 2.6 to 8.3 times higher than that of ¹⁸F-FDG. Regarding the quality of PET imaging, the physiological uptake of ¹⁸F-FDG PET in the brain and periocular tissues limited the imaging of tumors. However, ¹⁸F-PFPN PET minimized this interference. Notably, intrinsic pigments in the uvea and retina did not cause abnormal concentrations of ¹⁸F-PFPN, as no anomalous uptake of ¹⁸F-PFPN was detected in the healthy contralateral eyes. Conclusion: Compared to ¹⁸F-FDG, ¹⁸F-PFPN demonstrated higher detection rates for ocular and orbital melanomas with minimal interference from surrounding tissues. This suggests that ¹⁸F-PFPN could be a promising clinical diagnostic tool for distinguishing malignant melanoma from benign pigmentation in ocular and orbital melanomas.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.315-318
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• 2018

A 13-year-old spayed female Beagle dog was referred with high intraocular pressure, hyperemia, and exophthalmos of the left eye and underwent ultrasound, which revealed a mass in the ciliary body of the left eye. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was ordered to evaluate invasion of surrounding structures and metastasis to the brain via the optic nerve. On MR imaging, a single, well-defined, smoothly marginated, triangular-to-oval-shaped mass was found. The mass was hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images, similar to a previous case of ocular melanoma. The mass originated from the ciliary body and extended from the anterior chamber to the posterior chamber. Slight enhancement was observed in the mass. There was no evidence of invasion into surrounding structures or the optic nerve, and no sign of metastasis to the brain. The mass was histopathologically diagnosed as benign uveal melanocytoma.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.233-236
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• 2018

A 13-year-old spayed female Beagle dog was referred with high intraocular pressure, hyperemia, and exophthalmos of the left eye and underwent ultrasound, which revealed a mass in the ciliary body of the left eye. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was ordered to evaluate invasion of surrounding structures and metastasis to the brain via the optic nerve. On MR imaging, a single, well-defined, smoothly marginated, triangular-to-oval-shaped mass was found. The mass was hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images, similar to a previous case of ocular melanoma. The mass originated from the ciliary body and extended from the anterior chamber to the posterior chamber. Slight enhancement was observed in the mass. There was no evidence of invasion into surrounding structures or the optic nerve, and no sign of metastasis to the brain. The mass was histopathologically diagnosed as benign uveal melanocytoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 1985

원발성 안구 흑색종은 20세 이상의 성인에서 가장 많이 발생되는 안주의 악성종양이지만 한국에서의 발생빈도는 그리 흔하지 않은 것으로 되어 있다. 안구 흑색종의 치료전에는 문진, 이학적검사, 기본적인 혈액상검사와, 특히 간, 폐, 골에 세심한 주의를 하여야 하며, 그래서 흉부 X-선과 LDH, SGPT, Transpeptidase를 포함한 간기능 검사 등을 시행하여야 하고 만약 임상적으로 증상이 있거나 위의 검사상 비정상적인 소견을 보일 매에는 전신뼈 스캔, 간-지 라 스캔을 시행하여야 한다. 일반적으로 악성 흑색종은 방사선 치료에 대해 치료효과가 나쁜 것으로 알려져 있지만 때로는 총 종양조사선량 $7,000\~8,000 cG/8\~9$주로 매우 빠른 종괴의 감소를 보여 주기도 한다. 그리하여 저자등은 외부방사선조사로 빠른 치료반응을 보인 원발성 안주 흑색종의 치료와 문헌고찰을 보고하는 바이다.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.507-515
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• 2022

Background/Aims: Metastases of malignant melanoma (MM) are rare and associated with poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of gastric metastases of MM by systematically reviewing cases and case series involving patients diagnosed using upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods: The PubMed and LILACS databases were searched. Reports containing individual patient data were included. Outcomes such as clinical data, endoscopic findings, treatments, and survival were analyzed. Results: A total of 88 studies with individual data from 113 patients with gastric metastases of MM were included. The primary sites of MM were the skin (62%), eyes (10%), and mucous membranes (6%). Most patients (56%) had multiple metastases in the stomach, located predominantly in the gastric body (approximately 80%). The overall survival rate at 2 years was 4%. There was a significant reduction in the survival of patients with multiple gastric metastases compared to that of patients with single metastasis (hazard ratio, 0.459; 95% confidence interval, 0.235-0.895; p=0.022). Conclusions: Gastric metastases of MM have a poor prognosis, especially in patients with multiple implants in the stomach. Additional studies are needed to verify whether ocular and mucosal melanomas are associated with a higher risk of gastric metastases than that of cutaneous melanomas.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.652-656
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• 2001

Uveal melanoma is uncommon but life-threatening intraocular malignancy and has been treated by irradiation, local excision and enucleation. Gamma-Knife radiosurgery allows a high dose of radiation to be delivered to an intracranial target with a very high spatial accuracy and has been used for the treatment of ocular melanomas. We have treated two cases of uveal melanoma between October 1994 and December 1999. They include one man and one woman(34, 62 years, respectively). They were followed up for 12 momths. Mean maximal dose was 65Gy. In one case, the tumor disappeared 7 months after gamma-knife radiosurgery. In another case, multiple tumors (uveal, suprasellar and cerebellar tumor) had decreased in size. These results show that single and high dose gamma-knife radiosurgery is may be an option in the local control of uveal melanoma which can spare the eyeball and vision.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

Purpose: The advantages of ocular proton therapy are that it spares the optic nerve and delivers the minimal dose to normal surrounding tissues. In this study, it developed a solid eye phantom that enabled us to perform quality assurance (QA) to verify the dose and beam range for passive single scattering proton therapy using a single phantom. For this purpose, a new solid eye phantom with a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) wedge was developed using film dosimetry and an ionization chamber. Methods: The typical beam shape used for eye treatment is approximately 3 cm in diameter and the beam range is below 5 cm. Since proton therapy has a problem with beam range uncertainty due to differences in the stopping power of normal tissue, bone, air, etc, the beam range should be confirmed before treatment. A film can be placed on the slope of the phantom to evaluate the Spread-out Bragg Peak based on the water equivalent thickness value of PMMA on the film. In addition, an ionization chamber (Pin-point, PTW 31014) can be inserted into a hole in the phantom to measure the absolute dose. Results: The eye phantom was used for independent patient-specific QA. The differences in the output and beam range between the measurement and the planned treatment were less than 1.5% and 0.1 cm, respectively. Conclusions: An eye phantom was developed and the performance was successfully validated. The phantom can be employed to verify the output and beam range for ocular proton therapy.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.89-89
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• 2007

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.258-266
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• 2017

Background: Welders are exposed to many known and suspected carcinogens. An excess lung cancer risk among welders is well established, but whether this is attributable to welding fumes is unclear. Excess risks of other cancers have been suggested, but not established. We investigated welding cancer risks in the population-based Canadian Census Health and Environmental Cohort. Methods: Among 1.1 million male workers, 12,845 welders were identified using Standard Occupational Classification codes and followed through retrospective linkage of 1991 Canadian Long Form Census and Canadian Cancer Registry (1992-2010) records. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models based on estimated risks of lung cancer, mesothelioma, and nasal, brain, stomach, kidney, and bladder cancers, and ocular melanoma. Lung cancer histological subtypes and risks by industry group and for occasional welders were examined. Some analyses restricted comparisons to blue-collar workers to minimize effects of potential confounders. Results: Among welders, elevated risks were observed for lung cancer [HR: 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.31], mesothelioma (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.01-3.18), bladder cancer (HR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.15-1.70), and kidney cancer (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.01-1.67). When restricted to blue-collar workers, lung cancer and mesothelioma risks were attenuated, while bladder and kidney cancer risks increased. Conclusion: Excess risks of lung cancer and mesothelioma may be partly attributable to factors including smoking and asbestos. Welding-specific exposures may increase bladder and kidney cancer risks, and particular sources of exposure should be investigated. Studies that are able to disentangle welding effects from smoking and asbestos exposure are needed.