Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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A Novel Melanin-Targeted 18F-PFPN Positron Emission Tomography Imaging for Diagnosing Ocular and Orbital Melanoma

  • Yiyan Wang (Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Xinghua Wang (Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jie Zhang (Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Xiao Zhang (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Yang Cheng (Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Fagang Jiang (Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2024.03.13
  • Accepted : 2024.05.22
  • Published : 2024.08.01
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Abstract

Objective: 18F-N-(2-(Diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) picolinamide (18F-PFPN) is a novel positron emission tomography (PET) probe designed to specifically targets melanin. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic feasibility of 18F-PFPN in patients with ocular or orbital melanoma. Materials and Methods: Three patients with pathologically confirmed ocular or orbital melanoma (one male, two females; age 41-59 years) were retrospectively reviewed. Each patient underwent comprehensive 18F-PFPN and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET scans. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lesion and the interference caused by background tissue were compared between 18F-PFPN and 18F-FDG PET imaging. In addition, the effect of intrinsic pigments in the uvea and retina on the interpretation of the results was examined. The contralateral non-tumorous eye of each patient served as a control. Results: All primary tumors (3/3) were detected using 18F-PFPN PET, while only two primary tumors were detected using 18F-FDG PET. Within each lesion, the SUVmax of 18F-PFPN was 2.6 to 8.3 times higher than that of 18F-FDG. Regarding the quality of PET imaging, the physiological uptake of 18F-FDG PET in the brain and periocular tissues limited the imaging of tumors. However, 18F-PFPN PET minimized this interference. Notably, intrinsic pigments in the uvea and retina did not cause abnormal concentrations of 18F-PFPN, as no anomalous uptake of 18F-PFPN was detected in the healthy contralateral eyes. Conclusion: Compared to 18F-FDG, 18F-PFPN demonstrated higher detection rates for ocular and orbital melanomas with minimal interference from surrounding tissues. This suggests that 18F-PFPN could be a promising clinical diagnostic tool for distinguishing malignant melanoma from benign pigmentation in ocular and orbital melanomas.

Keywords

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