• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.443-449
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• 2020

Background: The study tries to show the effect of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) legislation implemented via plan-do-check-act methodology on accident and sickness absenteeism. Methods: The data for the study gathered via a questionnaire from a large-sized organization operates in production and maintenance of passenger coaches in February-March 2019 in Turkey. The data analyzed via structural equation model analysis. Results: The results showed that there are statistically meaningful relationships between OHS protective measures, training and informing of employees, and employee participation and accident and sickness absenteeism. In addition, a meaningful relationship between internal control and accident and sickness absenteeism was determined. Statistically meaningful relationships between emergency measures, and health surveillance and internal control, and accident and sickness absenteeism could not be determined. Conclusion: It is concluded that the actions implemented by organizations to reduce absenteeism should be as per OHS legislation.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.154-166
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• 2021

Background: Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a significant interest of all governments to prevent workplace hazards. Although appropriate legislation and regulations are essentials for the protection of workers, they are solely not enough. Application of them in practice should be secured by an efficient inspection system. Fundamental components of an inspection system are inspectors and their audit tasks. Maintaining the fair balanced task assignment among inspectors strictly enhances the efficiency of the overall system. Methods: This study proposes a two-phased goal programming approach for OHS inspectors' task assignments and presents a case study. Results: The solution approach gives the balanced assignment of inspectors to the workplaces in different cities of the country in the planning period. The obtained schedule takes into account the distances covered by the work places and the number of the workplaces' employees to be audited and pays attention to the human factors by considering the preferences of the inspectors. The comparisons between the obtained optimal schedule and the implemented one that is produced manually show that the approach not only maintains the technical requirements of the problem, but also provides social and physical balance to the task assignment. Conclusion: Both the approach and the application study are expected to offer fruitful inspirations in the area of safety management and policy and they provide a good guide for social policy and organizational aspects in the field of OHS inspectors' task assignment.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2020

Background: The elevated risk of occupational infection such as tuberculosis among health workers in many countries raises the question of whether the quality of occupational health and safety (OHS) and infection prevention and control (IPC) can be improved by auditing. The objectives of this study were to measure (1) audited compliance of primary health-care facilities in South Africa with national standards for OHS and IPC, (2) change in compliance at reaudit three years after baseline, and (3) the inter-rater reliability of the audit. Methods: The study analyzed audits of 60 primary health-care facilities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Baseline external audits in the time period 2011-2012 were compared with follow-up internal audits in 2014-2015. Audits at 25 facilities that had both internal and external audits conducted in 2014/2015 were used to measure reliability. Results: At baseline, 25% of 60 facilities were "noncompliant" (audit score<50%), 48% "conditionally compliant" (score >50 < 80%), and only 27% "compliant" (score >80%). Overall, there was no significant improvement in compliance three years after baseline. Percentage agreement on specific items between internal and external audits ranged from 28% to 92% and kappa from -0.8 to 0.41 (poor to moderate). Conclusion: Low baseline compliance with OHS-IPC measures and lack of improvement over three years reflect the difficulties of quality improvement in these domains. Low inter-rater reliability of the audit instrument undermines the audit process. Evidence-based investment of effort is required if repeat auditing is to contribute to occupational risk reduction for health workers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.452-461
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• 2021

Background: The prevailing global work scenario and deteriorating health facilities in economies indulge the risk perspective in the labor market model. This is the reason that the risk factor is cautiously attributed to wages and labor market efficiencies specifically in developing and emerging economies. In this respect, Occupational Injuries of Workers (OIW) is considered essential to demonstrate the risk and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) setups given the constraints of the labor. Intuitively, the prime objective of this study is to make an assessment of the labor market considering the OIW through the indicators of industry division, employment status, occupational distribution, adopted treatment, gender and regionality. Methods: The assessment strategy of the study has been categorized into trend analysis and Index Value Calculation (IVC) segments employing the data from 2001 to 2018. Results: The pattern of the selected indicators of the OIW has been observed in the available data while the IVC estimations are considered through time and reference categories. The findings of both exercises revealed absolute and relative heterogeneities at both industry and occupational levels. Conclusion: The consistency for gender and regional distribution of both assessments points out the need for effective policy initiatives. The study suggests separate analyses of industry and occupations for a better understanding of the OHS setups and up-gradation in Pakistan.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2017

건설공사는 제조업과는 달리 공사가 시작되어 종료될 때 까지 재해위험도가 일정하지 않고 공사단계에 따라 큰 변화가 있다. 건설업 산업안전보건관리비 계상 및 사용기준은 그동안 건설업의 안전문화 정착과 재해율 저감에 적지 않은 기여를 해왔으나, 현행 기준은 건설공사의 재해위험도 특성에 비해볼 때 이미 중대재해발생위험시기가 지난 이후에 뒤늦게 사용하게 되는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구는 건설공사의 공사단계별로 재해위험도에 대한 분석을 통하여 공사단계별 재해발생위험도와 안전관리비 사용기기 산출방식을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 진행하였다. 이를 위하여 1439건의 국내 중대재해사례를 분석하여 공사단계별 중대재해발생확률을 산출하였으며, 공정특성에 따른 적정 산업안전보건관리비의 적정 사용일정을 도출하는 방식을 제안하였다. 도출된 방식에 의해 산정된 산업안전보건관리비 사용일정을 현행 기준과 비교한 결과 최소 20%p 이상 앞서서 사용해야만 재해위험도에 따른 적절한 선행적 조치가 가능할 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2022

The objectives of the research are to study the effects of emotional intelligence (EI), reward management (RM), and occupational health and safety (OHS), on employee performance (EP) within a Thai motor service and repair firm. Starting in January 2022 through the end of March 2022, the researchers used simple random sampling techniques to select 88 employees for the case study. The research instrument was a questionnaire with an IOC value between 0.67-1.00 and a reliability value α of 0.78. Survey participants were asked to contribute their opinions to a five-level opinion survey which was hosted on Google Forms. Descriptive statistics analysis (mean and standard deviation) and multiple linear regression analysis were done using SPSS for Windows version 21. The results showed that employee opinions concerning EI, RM, OHS, and EP were at a high level, with the three hypotheses testing showing statistical significance (p ≤ 0.01). The decision coefficients (R²) all revealed relationship strength with RM = 0.861, OHS = 0.853, and EI = 0.731.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2016

Background: Management and workers in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often find it hard to comprehend the requirements related to controlling risks due to exposure to substances. An intervention study was set up in order to support 45 SMEs in improving the management of the risks of occupational exposure to chemicals, and in using the control banding tool and exposure model Stoffenmanager in this process. Methods: A 2-year intervention study was carried out, in which a mix of individual and collective training and support was offered, and baseline and effect measurements were carried out by means of structured interviews, in order to measure progress made. A seven-phase implementation evolutionary ladder was used for this purpose. Success and failure factors were identified by means of company visits and structured interviews. Results: Most companies clearly moved upwards on the implementation evolutionary ladder; 76% of the companies by at least one phase, and 62% by at least two phases. Success and failure factors were described. Conclusion: Active training and coaching helped the participating companies to improve their chemical risk management, and to avoid making mistakes when using and applying Stoffenmanager. The use of validated tools embedded in a community platform appears to support companies to organize and structure their chemical risk management in a business-wise manner, but much depends upon motivated occupational health and safety (OHS) professionals, management support, and willingness to invest time and means.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.180-186
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• 2022

Background: In occupational studies, it is a known situation that technical and organizational attempts are used to prevent occupational accidents. Especially in the mining sector, if these attempts cannot prevent occupational accidents, personal protective equipment (PPE) becomes a necessity. Thus, in this study, the main objective is to examine the effects of the variables on the use of PPE and identify important factors. Methods: A questionnaire was implemented and structural equation modeling was conducted to ascertain the significant factors affecting the PPE use of mining employees. The model includes the factors that ergonomics, the efficiency of PPE and employee training, and PPE usage habit. Results: The results indicate that ergonomics and employee training have no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the use of PPE. The efficiency of PPE has a statistically meaningful effect (p < 0.05) on the use of PPE. Various variables have been evaluated in previous studies. However, none of them examined the variables simultaneously. Conclusion: The developed model in the study enables to better focus on ergonomics and employee training in the PPE usage. The effectiveness of a PPE makes its use unavoidable. Emphasizing PPE effectiveness in OHS training and even showing them in practice will increase employees' PPE usage. The fact that a PPE with high effectiveness is also ergonomic means that it will be used at high rates by the employee.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2019

Objectives: The Korean Working Conditions Survey(KWCS), which has been conducted five times over the past 13 years, presents a diverse picture of Korean workers across occupations, genders, and age groups. This study summarized the use of KWCS and explored how to make the most of the KWCS by reviewing published peer-reviewed journal articles employing the KWCS data. Methods: Articles were selected in accordance with PRISMA protocol for a systematic literature review. A total of 155 articles were included in this review. Results: The number of articles utilizing KWCS data has been increasing by year. The articles were published in 40 Korean journals and 16 international journals. The journals were mainly in the field of occupational safety and health and sociology. Keywords of mental health, working conditions survey, workforce, health, exposure to risk factor, and working time were mainly highlighted. The articles were grouped by the goals of the KWCS as stated in the survey. The majority of published articles(129 articles, 83%) aimed to 'analyze relationships between different aspects of working conditions'. Fifteen articles(10%) were intended to 'identify groups at risk and issues of concern.' The number of articles to 'monitor trends' were limited. Conclusions: The findings underline the limited utilization of the KWCS. Attention to the range and scope of utilization of KWCS should be developed to address current challenges in occupational health and safety management and policy issues.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1007-1028
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• 2014

핀란드는 한국과 유사하게, 자영농 및 소규모 기업농 위주로 농업구조가 구성되어 있으며, 일반 산업과는 별도의 농업안전보건 체계를 운영하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 핀란드의 농업보건서비스(Farmers' Occupational Health Services, FOHS) 제도를 검토하여 한국 농업 안전보건 체계의 발전 방향을 도출하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 핀란드 농업안전보건체계는 자영농을 대상으로 국립 농업보건센터의 조율 하에 각 지자체의 산업보건 및 농업 전문기관이 농업인에게 농업보건서비스를 제공하고, 비용에 대해서는 사회보장제도에서 지원하는 형태로 운영되고 있다. 이에 따른 시사점은 첫째, 예방방안에 대한 국가 표준을 제시하고 재해통계, 원인연구 등을 수행할 수 있는 국립농업보건센터가 필요하다. 둘째, 저비용, 저난이도의 농작업 환경 평가 및 개선 기술의 개발이 필요하다. 셋째, 보험할인 및 사회보장제도를 활용한 서비스를 통해 농업인의 참여를 유도해야 한다. 넷째, 안전보건 기관 및 전문가의 육성, 지역 및 작목별 맞춤 서비스 등 지역특성에 맞는 안전보건 서비스의 제공이 확보되어야 한다.