• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.478-486
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• 2022

Purpose: Although the working environment is measured at the construction site, only a few noise and vibration that are typically exposed for each process are performed without measuring the working environment by segmenting the exposed harmful factors. Therefore, it is intended to find the harmfulness of silicon oxide dust, which is most exposed at construction sites, and the complementary points of improvement measures currently being implemented at construction sites. Method: The status was analyzed using the actual condition survey report issued by the Korea Occupational Health Corporation and the Korea Occupational Health Association and data from the work environment measurement institution, and compared and analyzed with the rules on work environment measurement of the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Result: The harmfulness of silicon oxide dust was identified and improvement measures were derived. Conclusion: It is expected that occupational diseases against silicon dust can be reduced if the harmfulness of silicon oxide dust at construction sites is derived and improvement measures are actively applied at the site.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 1998

For the ambient monitoring of acrylamide, the adequate condition of sampling and analysis was checked. The adequate adsorbents and desorption solvents were tested. The combination of charcoal tube as a adsorbent and acetone as a desorption solvent showed 87% desorption efficiency. Flame ionization detector was used to detect acrylamide. The detection limit was 0.814 mg acrylamide in 1 L acetone. It is the equivalent concentration of 0.0203 mg acrylamide in $1m^3$ air if the volume of air collected was 40L. The permissible exposure level (PEL) of acrylamide in the workplace air recommended by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, USA) is 0.3 mg acrylamide in $1m^3$ air. So, it is very simple and economic analytical method for acrylamide to be set in the industrial hygiene laboratories.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.462-470
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate quartz concentrations in airborne respirable dust and particle size-related quartz concentrations. Methods: Respirable dust samples were collected using a 10 mm Dorr-Oliver nylon cyclone equipped with a 37 mm, $5{\mu}m$ pore size PVC filter. Dust samples were collected with a Marple's personal cascade impactor from stone grinding operations in five stone-related business located in the Gyeongsangbuk-do area. Results: The geometric mean of quartz concentration in the respirable dust was $0.170mg/m^3$, and the rate of exceeding the Korean Occupational Exposure Limit(KOEL) was 93.3%. The quartz concentration by particle size shows that it was the highest($0.115mg/m^3$) in stage 5($3.50-6.00{\mu}m$), which corresponds with the size of respirable particle. The smaller the particle sizes were, the higher quartz the content became. The mass fractions of inhalable, thoracic, and respirable dust were 72.1%, 36.0%, and 14.4%. Conclusions: The rate of the quartz concentration in respirable dust from stone grinding operations exceeding the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Values was 100%, which means proper work environmental management is required through regular working environmental measurements. Given that the stone grinding operations had a higher small size dust concentrations, there is a need to reduce respirable dust, such as through wet operation and local exhaust ventilation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.312-321
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the best method to analyze PAHs at extremely low concentrations. To this end, 16 PAHswere analyzed simultaneously by GC/MS, HPLC/FLD and HPLC/UVD, and the analytical characteristics of HPLC and GC/MS were compared. Methods: This study was conducted by GC/MS and HPLC/FLD/UVD, and evaluated linearity, precision and detection limit. Standard solutions were prepared for 21 samples in the range of $0.00001{\sim}1.0{\mu}g/mL$ and the samples were divided into four groups. All samples were made in three sets and analysis was replicated seven times. Results: Sixteen PAHs could be simultaneously separated by HPLC and GC/MS, and the adequate equipment was HPLC/FLD. The retention times by HPLC were shorter than GC/MS, and HPLC had better separation for most PAHs than GC/MS. The peaks of naphthalene and naphthalene-D8 partially overlapped for GC/MS. HPLC/FLD had a 20-2000 times lower limit of detection than GC/MS and UVD. However FLD was not adequate for analyzing acenaphthylene because it has too low a fluorescence quantum yield to be detected. The precision of HPLC/FLD/UVD and GC/MS showed less than 20% at $0.001{\mu}g/mL$ PAHs and when the concentration was higher, the coefficient of variation was decreased. HPLC/FLD was better for the overall detection of limits. Conclusions: The results indicate that the HPLC/FLD method has good linear range, precision and a detection of limits from $0.00001{\sim}0.0001{\mu}g/mL$ for all 16 PAHs. This study contributes to providing useful data for analysis technology and can be applied to occupational exposure measurement for PAHs in workplaces.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 1998

In this study, 108 thinners were analyzed to identify their composition. The purposes of this study were to provide the data for MSDS and worker exposure levels. Thinners were collected from manufacturing industries, distributors and users. Wide ranges of thinner components were found ; Toluene, xylene, and ethyl benzene were most often found. Next, MIBK, cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve, and butyl acetate were found in 20-40 thinners. Others, such as acetone, n-hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, methylcyciohexane, octane and nonane were also found. There were about 5-6 components in each thinner. In the view point of Industrial Hygiene, Benzene was the most important component of thinners, which procures leukemia. Benzene was found from 8 kinds of thinners out of the total 108 surveyed. Thus, Content of benzene in thinners must be evaluated when industrial hygiene surveys are performed. Aromatic hydrocarbons were identified from 71 kinds of thinners out of total 108 and their contents were 10-87%. Alkanes were not contained in automobile painting, spraying, degreasing, urethane and epoxy thinners but lacquer, enamel and coating thinners.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1757-1762
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• 2023

Radiological hazards from external exposure of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) scales residues, generated during the extraction process of oil and gas production in southern Algeria, are evaluated. The activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K were measured using high-purity gamma-ray spectrometry (GeHP). Mean activity concentration of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K, found in scale samples are 4082 ± 41, 1060 ± 38 and 568 ± 36 Bq kg^-1, respectively. Radiological hazard parameters, such as radium equivalent (Ra_eq), external and internal hazard indices (H_ex, H_in), and gamma index (I_γ) are also evaluated. All hazard parameter values were greater than the permissible and recommended limits and the average annual effective dose value exceeded the dose constraint (0.3 mSv y^-1). However, for occasionally exposed workers, the dose rate of 0.65 ± 0.02 mSv y^-1 is lower than recommended limit of 1 mSv y^-1 for public.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.3035-3043
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• 2021

Epidemiological research has revealed that radiation exposure can cause cataracts. The Korean nuclear regulatory body has proposed the reduction of the occupational dose limit for the lens of the eye from 150 mSv/y to 100 mSv/5y, with an additional limitation of not exceeding 50 mSv/y for a specific year, taking into account the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, and the International Atomic Energy Agency. This means that radiation workers should receive the same level of radiation safety for the lens of the eye as for whole-body protection. Korean nuclear power plants (NPPs) are conducting research to establish the radiation protection program for the lens of the eye. In terms of the preliminary results of the implementation of the radiation protection program for the lens of the eye dedicated to Korean NPPs, this review article summarizes the current state of understanding of the regulations, technical guidance, eye lens dosimeters, and radiation field conditions resulting in lens dose.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.3 s.31
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• pp.275-284
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• 1990

To obtain the useful information for the status of working environment and health management of workers in manufacturing industries, comparision of results on the status of working environmental and health management of workers for 32 manufacturing industries in Chunan area from 1988 to 1989 was carried out. The results were as follows : 1. The rate of over-PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) to for hazardous factors decreased significantly 23.5% in 1988, 18.3% in 1989 (p<0.05) and, the highest rate of over-PEL was the stone and sand handling industry, the highest rate of over-PEL was the dusty workplace as 38.5% in 1988, 35.2% in 1989. 2. The rate of workers exposed to hazardous factors in 1988 and in 1989 was 22.4% respectively, the rate of workers checked up special health examination was 40.1% in 1988, 75.3% in 1989. In stone and sand handling and medicochemical industries, none of workers exposed to hazardous factors was subjected to special health examination in 1988, but 75% of workers exposed to hazardous factors had checked up in 1989. 3. The 6 industries appointed as part-time factory physician among 17 industries which were supposed to have factory physician according to the Safety and Healthy Act of Korea, 6 out of 24 industries only appointed industrial hygienist, furthermore 4 out of 6 hygienists had another duty in addition to occupational hygiene itself.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to evaluate $PM_{10}$ concentrations at eight highway tollgate booths from July to September 2017. Methods: A total of 16 samples were collected from eight toll booths. Each $PM_{10}$ sample was collected using a 37 mm PTFE filter attached to a Personal Environment Monitor. Results: The geometric mean concentrations of $PM_{10}$ in the toll booths was $83.51{\mu}g/m^3$. The mean $PM_{10}$ concentrations measured on freight roadways were much higher than those of measured on general roadways($102.46{\mu}g/m^3$ and $68.05{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively). $PM_{10}$ was revealed to be higher in the morning($105.59{\mu}g/m^3$) than at dawn or in the afternoon($71.26{\mu}g/m^3$ and $61.22{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively). The mean $PM_{10}$ concentration in toll booths ventilated through an air conditioner was higher than that for those using a window or no ventilation. The rate of exceeding the Ministry of Environment Maintenance Limit($200{\mu}g/m^3$) was 6.25%, and the rate of exceeding the Ministry of Labor Recommended Limit($150{\mu}g/m^3$) was 12.5%. Conclusions: In order to protect the health of toll booth workers exposed to airborne dust, it is necessary to check the exposure level from indoor air quality on a regular basis and to manage it appropriately according to the results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1998.05b
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• pp.577-582
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• 1998

In nuclear power plant, it has been the important object to reduce the occupational radiation exposure (ORE). Recently, the optimization concept of management science has been studied to reduce the ORE in nuclear power plant. In optimization of the worker allocation, the collective dose, working time, individual dose, an total number of worker must be considered and their priority orders must be thought because the main constraint is necessary for determining the constraints variable of the radiological worker allocation problem. The ultimate object of this study s to look into the change of the optimal allocation of the radiological worker as priority order changes. In this study, the priority order is the characteristic of goal programming that is a kind of multi-objective linear programming. From a result of study using goal programming, the total number of worker and collective dose of worker have changed as the priority order has changed and the collective dose limit have played an important role in reducing the ORE.