• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2001

소도시에 거주하는 미취학 아동을 대상으로 하여, 유치열의 우식 발생 빈도와 양상을 조사하였다. 밀양시에 거주하는 624 명의 유치원 아동을 대상으로 dmf index를 사용하여 개개 치아와 치면별로 우식 발생 양상을 조사한 결과, 아래와 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 유치우식경험자율(dmf rate)은 3세에서 74.0%, 4세에서 83.8%, 5세에서는 90.6%였으며, 우식경험유치지수(dmft index)는 3세에서 3.47개, 4세에서 5.41개, 5세에서는 6.01개로 나타났다. 2. 5세 아동에 있어서 우식 경험률은, 하악 제2유구치, 하악 제1유구치, 상악 제2유구치, 상악 유중절치, 상악 제1유구치의 순으로 나타났다. 3. 3세 아동의 경우, 상악 유중절치의 우식이 가장 높은 빈도로 나타났으나, 연령증가와 함께 유구치 우식이 현저하게 증가하여, 5세 아동에서는 유구치 우식이 가장 높은 빈도로 나타났다. 4. 유전치와 유구치는 우식 발생 양상에 있어서 차이를 보였는데, 유전치의 경우에는 인접면 우식이 호발한 반면, 유구치에서는 교합면 우식이 더 높은 빈도로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.326-331
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• 2012

Objectives: Stress may have an impact on treatment types that patients receive for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This study sought to investigate the relationship between the stress index and type of treatments in patients with TMD. Materials and Methods: The psychosocial well-being index-short form (PWI-SF) was used to evaluate stress levels in ninety-two patients with TMD. Treatment types were classified into two groups: one group received counseling, physical therapy or medication, while the second group received splint therapy or surgical intervention. Results: The high-risk group (PWI-SF${\geq}27$, the higher the points, the more severe the stress level) was more frequently treated by splint therapy than the low-risk group (PWI-SF<27). Female TMD patients reported higher PWI-SF scores than male TMD patients. Conclusion: This study suggests a relationship between stress levels and treatment types for patients with TMD. Thus, the appropriate evaluation and management of stress could be an important factor in treating TMD.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.161-175
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• 1991

To understand the biomechanics of the mandibular movement of the patients with T.M.J. disorder, it is necessary to analyze the mandibular movement by the least moving points of instantaneous center of rotation on computer screen. In this study, two subjects without T.M.J. disorder and with normal occlusion and few patients with T.M.J. disorder were selected for obtaining the processing data. The habitual opening and dosing movements were recorded by image recognition system of video and computer and then the mandibular movement and the least moving point were analyzed using computer program for image anaysis of specialized points. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The least moving points of control group during opening and dosing were dose to the mandibular foramen, but in the test group there were differences between two positions of the least moving points during opening and closing. 2. The variations of the least moving point were in the range of $0.02\sim0.05cm$ of X-coordinate and $0.07\sim0.10cm$ of Y-coordinate for control group, whereas in the range of $0.05\sim0.30cm$ of X-coordinate and $0.08\sim1.65cm$ of Y-coordinate for test group. 3. The index of variation during opening and dosing movements was shown in $0.8\sim1.0$ for the control group and in $0.56\sim2.6$ for the test group. 4. After the treatment of the test group No. 4 by occlusal splint the least moving point was dose to the mandibular foramen and the index of variation was changed from 25 to 05. 5. The tracing shape of the least moving point in the test group represented the irregularities compared to the control group. 6. The mandibular opening and dosing movements were simulated on the computer screen following the movement of the least moving point of instantaneous center of rotation.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether extension of the custom base is necessary for enhancement of bond strength, by comparing the debonding forces and residual adhesives of 3 different lingual bracket systems. Methods: A total of 42 extracted upper premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups of 14 each for bonding with brackets having (1) a conventional limited resin custom base; (2) an extended gold alloy custom base: Incognito${TM}$; and (3) an extended resin custom base: KommonBase${TM}$. The bonding area was measured by scanning the bracket bases with a 3-dimensional digital scanner. The debonding force was measured with an Instron universal testing machine, which applied an occlusogingival shear force. Results: The mean debonding forces were 60.83 N (standard deviation [SD] 10.12), 69.29 N (SD 9.59), and 104.35 N (SD17.84) for the limited resin custom base, extended gold alloy custom base, and extended resin custom base, respectively. The debonding force observed with the extended resin custom base was significantly different from that observed with the other bases. In addition, the adhesive remnant index was significantly higher with the extended gold alloy custom base. Conclusions: All 3 custom-base lingual brackets can withstand occlusal and orthodontic forces. We conclude that effective bonding of lingual brackets can be obtained without extension of the custom base.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2013

Objective: To evaluate the psychosocial impact of malocclusion, determine its relationship with the severity of malocclusion, and assess the influence of gender and social class on this relationship in adolescents. Methods: A random sample of 627 Spanish adolescents aged 12 - 15 years underwent intraoral examinations by 3 calibrated examiners (intraexaminer and interexaminer kappa > 0.85) at their schools. Psychosocial impact was measured through a self-rated Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). The severity of malocclusion was measured by the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Gender and social class were also recorded. Results: The total PIDAQ score and those of its 4 subscales, social impact, psychological impact, aesthetic concern, and dental self-confidence, presented significant differences ($p{\leq}0.05$ by analysis of variance) and linear relationships with the IOTN grades ($p{\leq}0.05$ by linear regression). Stepwise linear regression models showed that the IOTN dental health component was a predictive variable of the total and subscale PIDAQ scores. Neither gender nor social class was an independent predictive variable of this relationship, except the linear model for psychological impact, where gender was a predictive variable. The occlusal conditions responsible for higher PIDAQ scores were increased overjet, impeded eruption, tooth displacement, and increased overbite. Conclusions: Malocclusion has a psychological impact in adolescents and this impact increases with the severity of malocclusion. Social class may not influence this association, but the psychological impact seems to be greater among girls.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.124-134
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• 2018

Purpose: Clinicians must examine tooth wear to make a proper diagnosis. However, qualitative methosds of measuring tooth wear have many disadvantages. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate quantitative parameters using the cusp area and volume of virtual dental models. Methods: The subjects of this study were the same virtual models that were used in our former study. The same age group classification and new tooth wear index (NTWI) scoring system were also reused. A virtual occlusal plane was generated with the highest cusp points and lowered vertically from 0.2 to 0.8 mm to create offset planes. The area and volume of each cusp was then measured and added together. In addition to the former analysis, the differential features of each cusp were analyzed. Results: The scores of the new parameters differentiated the age and NTWI groups better than those analyzed in the former study. The Spearman ${\rho}$ coefficients between the total area and the area of each cusp also showed higher scores at the levels of 0.6 mm (0.6A) and 0.8A. The mesiolingual cusp (MLC) showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.01) from the other cusps in the paired t-test. Additionally, the MLC exhibited the highest percentage of change at 0.6A in some age and NTWI groups. Regarding the age groups, the MLC showed the highest score in groups 1 and 2. For the NTWI groups, the MLC was not significantly different in groups 3 and 4. These results support the proposal that the lingual cusp exhibits rapid wear because it serves as a functional cusp. Conclusions: Although this study has limitations due to its cross-sectional nature, it suggests better quantitative parameters and analytical tools for the characteristics of cusp wear.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

Background: Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) of the mandible is commonly used in the oral cavity as an anesthetic technique for dental procedures. This study evaluated the success rate of the first IANB administered by dental practitioners. Methods: Volunteer dental practitioners at Mahidol University who had never performed an INAB carried out 106 INAB procedures. The practitioners were divided into 12 groups with their advisors by randomized control trials. We recorded the success rate via pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Results: A large percentage of the dental practitioners (85.26%) used the standard method to locate the anatomical landmarks, injecting the local anesthetic at the correct position, with the barrel of the syringe parallel to the occlusal plane of the mandibular teeth. Further, 68.42% of the dental practitioners injected the local anesthetic on the right side by using the left index finger for retraction. The onset time was approximately 0-5 mins for nearly half of the dental practitioners (47.37% for subjective onset and 43.16% for objective onset), while the duration of the IANB was approximately 240-300 minutes (36.84%) after the initiation of numbness. Moreover, the VAS pain scores were $2.5{\pm}1.85$ and $2.1{\pm}1.8$ while injecting and delivering local anesthesia, respectively. Conclusions: The only recorded factor that affected the success of the local anesthetic was the administering practitioner. This reinforces the notion that local anesthesia administration is a technique-sensitive procedure.

• 치과방사선
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1977

A study was performed to investigate the size of tongue area and intermaxillary space area, and compare the sexual differences between normal Korean children and adults by introducing planimetric and linear analysis of the lateral cephalograms. The cephalograms were composed of 41 child male aged 10.8, 40 child female aged 10.5, 38 adult male aged 21.3 and 40 adult female aged 20.8 respectively. In order to study and measure the intermaxillary space area, the followings were selected, as reference items: occlusal plane, anterior intermaxillary space height, posterior intermaxillary space height, length of intermaxillary space. Among those reference items anterior intermaxillary space height and posterior intermaxillary space height were perpendicular to the maxillary plane. An. index, (equation omitted) While the tongue area was plotted by outline of tongue shadow, above a line extending from the vallecula to the most anterior point on the hyoid body, and above a line from the most anterior point of the hyoid body to the menton. The obtained results were as follows: 1. In general the measurements of male were larger than those of female in intermaxillary space area in childhood and adulthood group. but intermaxillary space area of childhood group showed no significant sexual difference, and that of adulthood group showed significant sexual difference when evaluated statistically. 2. In both groups the measurements of male were larger than those of female in tongue area and there are also statistical significance of sexual differences in both age groups. 3. Considerable growh changes between the childhood and adulthood groups were revealed in intermaxillary space area and tongue area, and the tongue had tendency to become relatively smaller when compared with the intermaxillary space in both sex.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.167-181
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• 1997

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between velocity and factors which could affect the velocity of mandibular movement. For this study, 30 dental students without any masticatory signs and symptoms and 90 patients with temporomandibular disorders(TMD) were selected as the control group and the patients group, respectively. After determining Angle's classification and lateral guidance pattern of occlusion, clinical examination for TMD was perfomed. Velocity and distance of mandibular movements were recorded with BioEGN, reproducibility index of lateral excursions was evaluated by Pantronic(PRI) and BioEGN (BERI) activity in masticatory and cervical muscles were measured with BioEMG, and occlusal contact time and cross-arch unbalance(Total left-right statistics, TLR) on clenching were recorded with T-scan, respectively. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Velocity in the patients was faster than that in the controls in most mandibular movements, but on wide opening and closing movement, result was reverse. 2. Velocity on closing movements were faster than that on opening movements in the control group and a similar tendency was also shown in the patients group. 3. Patients with muscle disorders showed a tendency to have the highest value of velocity of all diagnostic subgroups, while patients with degenerative joint diseases showed a tendency to have the lowest value. 4. Patients with canine guidance showed a tendency to have the highest value of velocity in three subgroups by lateral guidance pattern, while patients with group function showed a tendency to have the lowest value. 5. BERI had a positive correlation with opening velocity on lateral excursion, while TLR had a negative correlation with opening velocity on swallowing. 6. EMG activity on clenching in masticatory muscles had negative correlation with opening velocity on border movements, and on swollowing, while the activity in rest correlated positively with opening velocity on border movements. 7. There were positive correlation between the velocity and the distance in long components of mandibular trajectory.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.354-364
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• 2016

청소년기 구강건강 상태를 파악하고 그에 따른 치과치료 필요도를 평가할 목적으로, 양산시 소재 중고등학교에 재학중인 14-17세 청소년 2,062명을 대상으로 임상검사 및 설문조사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 치아우식증의 치료필요도는 66.7%, 치아침식증의 치료필요도는 27.8%, Molar incisor hypomineralization(MIH)의 치료필요도는 14.7%였다. 부정교합은 양호한 교합 군 67.8, 치료 불필요 군 19.7%, 약간의 치료가 필요한 군 6.8%, 치료가 반드시 필요한 군 4.5%, 가장 심한 부정교합 군 1.1%로 나타났고, 치료필요도는 12.5%였다. 치주질환은 71.2%의 유병률을 보였고, 치료 필요도도 이와 동일한 71.2%였다. 측두하악장애는 무증상 군 67.1%, 경미한 증상 군 13.4%, 심한 증상 군 19.5%의 분포를 보였으며, 치료필요도는 20.6%로 나타났다. 가장 높은 치료 필요도를 보인 질환은 치주질환이었고, 뒤를 이어 치아우식증, 치아침식증, MIH, 측두하악장애, 부정교합의 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 청소년의 전반적 구강건강상태 및 치과치료 필요도를 파악할 수 있었고, 이는 우리나라 청소년 구강건강 증진을 위한 계획수립에 있어서 기초자료로서 기여하게 되기를 기대되는 바이다.