• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2010

Optical observation system provides angle-only measurement for orbit determination of space object. Range measurement can be directly acquired using laser ranging or tone ranging system. Initial orbit determination (IOD) by using angle- only data set shows discrepancy according to the measurement time interval. To solve this problem, range measurement data should be added for IOD. In this study, two-site optical observation was used to derive the range information. We have observed nine geostationary earth orbit satellites by using two-site optical observation system. The determination result of the range shows the accuracy over 99.5% compared to the results from the satellite tool kit simulation. And we confirmed that the orbit determination by the Herrick-Gibbs method with the range information obtained from the two-site observation is more accurate than the orbit determination by Gauss method with the one-site observation. For more accurate two-site optical observation, a baseline should satisfy an optimal condition of length and more precise observation system needed.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2011

Purpose : The aims of this study was to identify the activation of the mirror neuron system during action observation in people with stroke and the difference between left hemisphere and right hemisphere and to provide possibility of the use of action observation as a clinical method for improving motor function after stroke. Methods : Seventeen participants were asked to observe 3 different stimulation conditions for 80 seconds. A 30 second rest period was given between stimulations. Electroencephalogram(EEG) signals from electrodes on the participant's scalp were recorded during action observation. The activation of the mirror neuron system(MNS) between the picture observation condition and action observation condition was compared with a paired t-test. An independent t-test was used to compare difference between C3 and C4 on the activation of the mirror neuron system in the action observation condition. Results : Result of paired t-test showed a significantly decreased log ratio in the activation of the mirror neuron system in the action observation condition compared to the picture observation condition. Result of the independent t-test indicated no significant differences in the activation of the mirror neuron system in the right and left hemisphere. Conclusion : The mirror neuron system showed greater activation in the action observation condition than in the picture observation condition and activation in the both hemisphere during action observation. We conclude that these findings suggest that this may possibly be an efficient clinical intervention method for improving motor function.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to develop an observation program for obtaining effective flat images that are necessary for photometric observation. The development of the program was achieved by improving the existing method for obtaining twilight flat images. The existing method for obtaining twilight flat images acquires flat images by observing the sky light after sunset or light before sunrise. The decision of when to observe flat images at each night is solely dependent on the judgment of an observer, and thus the obtained flat images for particular nights may not be clean. Especially, in the case of the observatories where an automated observation system is in operation, there is a difficulty that an observer should pay attention during sunrise and sunset in order to obtain flat images. In this study, a computer program is developed to improve this inconvenience and to efficiently perform photometric observation in the observatories where an automated observation system is applied. This program can obtain flat images by calculating the time for obtaining flat images automatically and the exposure time using a numerically calculated function. When obtaining twilight flat images at dusk and at dawn, the developed program performs automated observation and provides effective flat images by acquiring appropriate exposure time considering the sunrise and sunset times that vary depending on the day of observation. The code for performing this task was added to Obs Tool II (Yoon et al. 2006), which is the automated observation system of the Chungbuk National University Observatory, and the usefulness of the developed program was examined by performing an actual automated observation. If this program is applied to other observatories where automated observation is in operation, it is expected that stable and high-quality flat images could be obtained, which can be used for the pre-processing of photometric observation data.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.178-182
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• 2006

이 연구에서는 해산어 초기 자어 사육 과정에서 자어가 섭이하는 로티퍼의 새로운 관찰 및 계수방법을 제시한다. 지금까지는 해산어 자어를 사육하면서 언제부터 로티퍼를 먹이로 이용 가능한지? 그리고 일령이 경과함에 따라 어느 정도 양의 로티퍼를 섭이하는지? 정확하게 분석할 수는 없었다. 왜냐하면 자어가 섭이한 로티퍼(몸통)는 소화기관내에서 소화되어 연구자가 관찰할 수 없었기 때문이다. 그러나 이 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 새로운 관찰 방법으로서 로티퍼의 저작기(trophi)를 이용하는 방법을 제시한다. 로티퍼는 각 개체마다 한개의 저작기를 가지며 이 저작기는 해산어 자어의 소화기관내에서도 소화되지 않고 그 형태를 유지한다. 따라서 이 연구 결과에 의하면 자어의 소화기관내의 저작기를 관찰하여 계수하는 방법(RTCM; Rotifer Trophi Counting Method)을 이용하여 로티퍼를 최초로 섭이하는 일령은 물론 자어의 일령이 경과함에 따른 포식 로티퍼 개체수를 정확하게 분석할 수 있다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.333-344
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• 2011

An optical tracking system has advantages for observing geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites relatively over other types of observation system. Regular surveying for unidentified space objects with the optical tracking system can be an early warning tool for the safety of five Korean active GEO satellites. Two strategies of positioning on the observed image of Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite 1 are tested and compared. Photometric method has a half root mean square error against streak method. Also eccentricity method for initial orbit determination (IOD) is tested with simulation data and real observation data. Under 10 minutes observation time interval, eccentricity method shows relatively better IOD results than the other time interval. For follow-up observation of unidentified space objects, at least two consecutive observations are needed in 5 minutes to determine orbit for geosynchronous orbit space objects.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.203-213
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 곤충 종의 외관구조인 머리, 몸통, 날개, 다리에 대한 관찰자의 일반적이고 수평적인 관찰특성에 따라 자유롭게 곤충 종을 관찰함으로써 관찰 곤충 검색엔진에서의 사용자 만족도 제고와 보다 효율적인 관찰학습의 방법을 제안한다. 자연생태 환경에서 초보 학습자의 효율적인 관찰검색과 효과적 학습을 위해서는 생물학적 분류체계가 아닌 곤충 종의 외관구조 즉, 외부 신체구조의 모양과 특성 중심의 곤충관찰 기반의 검색(Insect Search by Observation based on Insect Appearance: ISOIA)이 필요하다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 곤충의 외관구조인 머리, 몸통, 날개, 다리에 대한 관찰자의 일반적인 관찰방법에 따른ISOIA 검색방식을 제안하고, 기존의 ISBC와 ISOBC 검색체계에 대한 사용 만족도를 비교 분석하여 본 논문에서 제안하는 ISOIA 검색 방안이 우수함을 보이고자 한다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aims to identify changes in the mirror neuron system in normal people through mu rhythm during action observation of occupation-based intervention, purposeful activity and prepare a method of intervention form of occupation using occupation and activity. Methods: TThis study aims to identify changes in the mirror neuron system in normal people through mu rhythm during action observation of occupation-based intervention, purposeful activity and prepare a method of intervention form of occupation using occupation and activity. The activation of the mirror neuron system was compaired among 3 condition by oneway ANOVA. Results: The result of analysis showed mu suppression in all conditions. Although all conditions showed mu suppression, there was no significant difference among the conditions. Conclusion: The results suggest that the mirror neuron system is activated during action observation to be able to occupational therapy but the mirror neuron system is not separately activated among the conditions.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2012

This study analyzed the observation characteristics with the subject of observation data through defining the change of the observation degree as attention /conscious observation /visual understanding. Furthermore, by obtaining the formular with which to estimate the subjects' observation amount, this study suggests a potential method for easier analysis of observation characteristics. The conclusions from the study are as the followings. First, the observation frequency was being generated with wide deviation among subjects while there was a flow-on characteristics depending on the degree of observation. These characteristics enabled the study to obtain the formular with which to estimate the observation amount. Second, the study could establish the area frequency by grade from the entire observation data. The area I was at most 4% for the area frequency but accounted for 18.2% of the entire effective observation time, and the area II 16% and 38.7% respectively. Accordingly, only considering the observation area distribution of the area I or the areas I and II shows which position of the space the subjects were observing. Third, with the subject of the relatively higher observation time at at the subject's observation characteristics, as the observation phase was getting higher, the observation time decreased more. Forth, by obtaining the formular to estimate the observation amount for observation data according to the change of observation degree, the study could find the estimating observation characteristics of additional subjects. The formular shortens the analysis time and facilitates the analysis process.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.269-288
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• 2006

We revised the OTFTOOL which was developed in Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO) for the On-The-Fly (OTF) observation. Besides the improvement of data resampling function of conventional OTFTOOL, we added a new SELF referencing mode and data pre-reduction function. Since OTF observation data have a large redundancy, we can choose and use only good quality samples excluding bad samples. Sorting out the bad samples is based on the floating level, rms level, antenna trajectory, elevation, $T_{sys}$, and number of samples. And, spikes are also removed. Referencing method can be chosen between CLASSICAL mode in which the references are taken from the OFFs observation and ELLIPSOIDAL mode in which the references are taken from the inner source free region (this is named as SELF reference). Baseline is subtracted with the source free channel windows and the baseline order chosen by the user. Passing through these procedures, the raw OTF data will be an FITS datacube. The revised-OTFTOOL maximizes the advantages of OTF observation by sorting out the bad samples in the earliest stage. And the new self-referencing method, the ELLIPSOIDAL mode, is very powerful to reduce the data. Moreover since it is possible to see the datacube at once without moving them into other data reduction programs, it is very useful and convenient to check whether the data resampling works well or not. We expect that the revised-OTFTOOL can be applied to the facilities of the OTF observation like SRAO, NRAO, and FCRAO.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 탐구 과제에 대한 사전지식이 초등 과학 영재의 관찰방법과 의문에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 '거미와 거미줄' 이라는 과제를 해결하는 과정에서의 학생들의 관찰방법과 의문이 사전지식에 의해 어떻게 영향을 받는지 연구하였다. 사전지식이 상대적으로 높은 집단의 학생들은 사전지식이 낮은 집단에 비해서 관찰의 방법과 양이 높게 나타났다. 그러나 사전지식이 양이 높은 집단이나 낮은 집단 모두 관찰 방법에서는 오감을 이용한 단순 관찰을 주로 하였다. 이는 사전지식의 양이 관찰의 양에는 영향을 미치나 관찰 방법에는 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 사전지식이 높은 집단에서는 보다 높은 수준의 관찰이 나타났다. 이는 관찰의 수준이 높아지기 위해서는 사전에 충분한 교육이 필요함을 의미한다. 따라서 교사들이 관찰을 이용한 수업을 수행할 경우에 사전에 관련된 지식에 대하여 충분한 수업이 이루어져야 보다 효율적인 관찰이 일어난다고 볼 수 있다.