• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.292-301
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to know the perception on acne for the college students to provide basic data for the suitable care of acne. Self-administrated questionnaires were completed by 641 college students. Dietary attitude, food habit, general perceptions on acne, knowledge level on acne, and relationship perception between special food and acne were analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. Self reported health status, smoking, obesity index were significantly different by experience of acne. 2. Dietary attitude and food habits were not significantly different by experience of acne. 3. Acne experienced subjects had acne on their face mostly and responded positively to specialized treatment. Proportions of getting the knowledge on acne were 40.6% from friends, 35.4% from magazine and 21.7% from TV or radio. 4. Proportions of correctly answered for the questions about pregnancy, hair cosmetics, oily food, male hormone, family history, constipation related with acne were less than 50% for acne experienced subjects. 92.5% of acne experienced subjects were answered eating chocolate, nut, and fat were related with breaking out and aggravating of acne. Perceptions on breaking out factors and aggravating factors of acne were not significantly different by gender. 5. More than 70% acne experienced subjects stated that instant foods, oily foods, meats, cookies, nuts were related with developing and aggravating acne. Soybean, Seaweed, fermented fish were recognized as less related with developing and aggravating acne.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.162-169
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• 1999

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine among 1,490 residents(339 households) in Suwon city. Methods: All respondents were asked about types, frequency, effects, side-effects, views, and cost of complementary or alternative medicine through a questionnaire from July 24th to 27th. Six therapies were investigated: diet; acupuncture/ massage/ chiropractic etc., mind control such as Ki/ Yoga/ spiritual therapy/ relaxation therapy etc.; nutritional supplements, cultural remedies; and Herb medications Results: The results of this survey were as follows: 35.6% of respondents had experiences with at least one or more types of complementary and alternative medicine. The average number of different types of therapies used was 3.4. More experience with various types of therapies were found among those respondents of higher education, older age group, higher income, married group, religious group than among the opposite groups of respondents. Herb medications were used most frequently(39.8%), followed by minor grains(37.9%), Ginseng(23.8%), Boshintang(21.5%), acupuncture(20.3%), Gaesojou(15.3%) Gingko nut(12.0%), mushroom(11.5%), Cupping therapy(10.2%), and black goat(0.0%). Acupuncture and Herb medications were used for treatment of hypertension the most frequently; minor grains or silkworm for treatment of diabetic mellitus; vegetables for treatment of obesity; acupuncture, Cupping Therapy, Herb medications for treatment of rheumatism; and acupuncture, Herb medications, or exercises for treatment of Cerebro Vascular Accident(CVA). The average costs of treatment were 108,000 Won for hypertension, 87,200 Won for diabetic mellitus, 16,800 Won for obesity, 68,800 Won for rheumatism, and 87,500 Won for CVA. Among 10.9% of respondents, there were 13 cases of side-effects with acupuncture, Herb medications, and Gaesojou. Among the cases of side-effects, majority was due to Herb medications. Respondents reported that Cupping Therapy was the most effective, followed by acupuncture, Ginseng, Gingko nut, Boshintang, black goat, minor grains, Gaesojou, Herb medications, vegetables, and mushroom. In response to the views of complementary and alternative medicine which they had used, they recommended minor grains first, followed by Ginseng, acupuncture, Gingko nut, Cupping Therapy, vegetables, Boshintang, black goat, mushroom and Herb medications. In contrast, they did not recommend Herb medications, acupuncture, nor Gaesojou. Conclusions: These findings indicate that many people use various complementary and alternative medicine without any guidelines for treatment of serious chronic diseases not even to invigorate themselves. It is, therefore, suggested that medical doctors or scientists verify the true effects or side-effects from the most common complementary or alternative therapies through experiments. Also medical doctors should provide a comfortable atmosphere for discussion among doctors and patients who would like to try these therapies.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.31-37
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• 2017

Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most prevalent form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), accounting for approximately 95% of cases. With the advent of newborn screening and hormone replacement therapy, most children with CAH survive into adulthood. Adolescents and adults with CAH experience a number of complications, including short stature, obesity, infertility, tumor, osteoporosis, and reduced quality of life. Transition from pediatric to adult care and management of long-term complications are challenging for both patients and health-care providers. Psychosocial issues frequently affect adherence to glucocorticoid treatment. Therefore, the safe transition of adolescents to adult care requires regular follow-up of patients by a multidisciplinary team including pediatric and adult endocrinologists. The major goals for management of adults with 21-hydroxylase deficiency are to minimize the long-term complications of glucocorticoid therapy, reduce hyperandrogenism, prevent adrenal or testicular adrenal rest tumors, maintain fertility, and improve quality of life. Optimized medical or surgical treatment strategies should be developed through coordinated care, both during transition periods and throughout patients' lifetimes. This review will summarize current knowledge on the management of adults with CAH, and suggested appropriate approaches to the transition from pediatric to adult care.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.54-69
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to reflect the patient's perspective in the process of developing Korean medicine clinical practice guideline (CPG) of puerperal wind disorder by survey. Methods: Five hundred fifty patients were surveyed from November 3rd, 2021 to November 8th, 2021 by internet. This study is an exploratory cross-sectional survey study, and descriptive statistics and frequency analysis were conducted on respondents' general characteristics, postpartum symptoms, the history of using treatment institution for puerperal wind disorder, satisfaction of medical institutions and perception of postpartum care. Results: Survey results showed that 92.0% of respondents experienced symptoms after childbirth, and 56.2% of the symptoms were arthralgia, followed by obesity with 41.8%. Among puerperal wind disorder patients, 34.2% had treatment history, and 54.3% received Korean medical treatment. Treatment satisfaction was confirmed to be higher in Korean medical treatment. The necessity of postpartum care was recognized at 95.7% of respondents, and the performance rate of traditional Korean postpartum care was also high. Conclusions: Based on a realistic patient-centered basis, it is a study that can lay the foundation for standardizing Korean medicine treatment and strengthening coverage in the future.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.439-448
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• 2022

Objective : Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are associated with hypothalamic damage that causes hypothalamic obesity, however, the mechanisms underlying CP-related postoperative weight gain remain debatable. This study aimed to elucidate whether the major determinant of postoperative weight gain in patients with CP is hypothalamic injury or steroid replacement therapy. Methods : We included 48 adult patients with CP (age ≥18 years) who underwent transsphenoidal surgery between 2010 and 2018 in a single tertiary center, and whose body weight was measured pre- and postoperatively (<120 days after the surgery). We recruited 144 age- and body mass index-matched patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) as controls. Results : Patients with CP experienced greater postoperative weight gain than patients with NFPA (3.0±5.1 vs. 0.1±3.6 kg, p<0.001). The prevalence of postoperative steroid use was significantly higher in patients with CP than in those with NFPA (89.6% vs. 34.0%, p<0.001). Steroid replacement therapy and CP were associated with postoperative weight gain after adjusting for covariates in overall patients (p=0.032 and 0.007, respectively). In subgroup analysis with postoperative steroid users, weight gain was significantly greater in patients with CP (n=43, 0.96±0.25 kg/month) than in patients with NFPA (n=49, 0.26±0.23 kg/month) even after adjusting for the daily steroid dose (p=0.048). Conclusion : Patients with CP experience greater postoperative weight gain than those with NFPA. Hypothalamic damage itself as well as steroid replacement may contribute to the postoperative weight gain in patients with CP.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.245-253
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• 2018

This study investigated 2,088 economically active workers aged 20 to 65 years selected from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to evaluate the relationship between chronic diseases and oral health behaviors among economic workers and examine the risk factors for oral diseases. The results of the study were as follows. Dental caries were related to subjective oral health status, toothache experience, orthodontic treatment experience, chewing problems, speaking problems, oral examination, and dental clinic use. Periodontal disease was associated with oral health status, toothache experience, orthodontic experience, and chewing and speaking problems. The risk factors for chronic diseases and oral health behavior were as follows. Hypertension, 1.37 times; obesity, 1.48 times; diabetes, 1.5 times; low HDL-cholesterol, 1.31 times; hepatitis A antibody, 1.53 times higher. Health status was found to be 1.70 times higher in dental caries and 2.10 times higher in periodontal disease. The tooth experience was 1.30 times higher in dental caries and 1.35 times higher in periodontal disease. Problems chewing were 1.76 times for dental caries and 1.78 times for periodontal disease. The possibility of dental caries and periodontal disease was 1.44 times higher. Smokers were 1.61 times more likely to have dental caries and 1.63 times more likely to have periodontal disease. These results suggest that periodontal diseases increase the risk of chronic diseases and oral health behavior increases the risk of dental caries and periodontal disease. Although dental caries seem to have a lower risk of becoming a chronic disease if only oral health care is good, it is considered that both chronic disease and oral health care are important for periodontal disease.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2017

About 60% to 90% of a total population experience low back pain at least once of life, and about 35% to 79% among them experience a recurrent and chronic low back pain. thread-embedding therapy is mainly used to improve appearance or treat obesity in early stage, but recently it is also used to treat musculoskeletal pain. This study aimed to search Chinese study using thread-embedding therapy on low back pain and to analyse their methodology. Three Chinese database(CNKI(www.cnki.net), WANFANG(www.wanfangdata.com), WEIPU(www.cqvip.com)) were searched for clinical study of thread-embedding therapy up to March 2016. The characteristics of included studies and regimen of thread-embedding in those studies were analyzed. The total 21 studies (4 case studies, 16 non-randomized controlled trials, 1 randomized controlled trial) were included. All studies on thread embedding treatment of low back pain reported that its effectiveness was very good. The most frequently used acupoints was Ashi acupoints and acupoints on bladder meridian(BL) or governor vessel(GV). Thread-embedding therapy is considered very useful for low back pain in Traditional Chinese medicine. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of thread-embedding therapy and to expand its application. This study is limited in that the literature search in the Chinese database were restricted.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2022

Purpose: Despite continuous updates of standard treatment guidelines for acute ankle sprain and chronic ankle instability (CAI), in practice preferred treatment protocols vary widely. Based on a Korean Foot and Ankle Society (KFAS) member survey, this study reports current trends in the management of ankle ligament injuries. Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire containing 34 questions was sent to all KFAS members in September 2021. Questions mainly addressed clinical experience and preferences for the diagnosis and treatment of ankle ligament injuries. Answers with a prevalence of ≥50% among respondents were considered to reflect tendencies. Results: Eighty-four of the 550 members (15.3%) responded. Answers that showed a tendency were as follows: commonest additional image study (ultrasound), conservative treatment modality (immobilization, oral medication), frequency of surgical treatment (<5 cases per annum), most important factor when deciding on surgical treatment (activity level, e.g., occupation or sport), and commonest surgical procedure (open ligament repair). Answers that showed a tendency for CAI were as follows: most important symptom (repeated sprain, giving way), radiological factors (talar tilt, osteochondral lesion, anterior talar translation), and patient factors (occupation, sports activities, recurrent instability after surgery, etc.). For decision making regarding surgical treatment and method, the most preferred surgical procedure was the modified Broström procedure, and the most common repair technique was suture anchor technique. The following were considered poor prognostic factors; generalized laxity, failed previous surgery, cavovarus, severe mechanical instability, heavy work, obesity, and dissatisfaction after surgery because of residual pain. Conclusion: This study updates information regarding current trends in the management of ankle ligament injuries in Korea, and reveals consensus opinions and variations in approaches to patients with an acute or chronic injury. The divergence of approaches identified indicates the need for further studies to determine standard guidelines and long-term results.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.177-183
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• 2023

Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for sustained weight reduction, and it can result in substantial improvements in the severity of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and quality of life. However, sleeve gastrectomy, a weight loss surgery that removes two-thirds of the stomach, reduces appetite and nutrient absorption, impairing digestion and the absorption of nutrients like iron, vitamin B₁₂, and protein-bound nutrients. This case study aims to demonstrate that patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy require long-term and periodic monitoring of biochemical data, weight changes, and caloric and protein intake by a professional nutritionist to prevent malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies. In this case study, a 48-year-old woman was diagnosed with morbid obesity, hypertension, sleep apnea syndrome, and chronic gastritis. At initial evaluation, she was 160 cm tall and weighed 89 kg, with a body mass index of 34.8 kg/m². At 1 postoperative year, she consumed 650 kcal and 25 g of protein per day, the percentage of excess weight loss was 141.1%, and body mass index was 21 kg/m². Compared to preoperative levels, calcium and folic acid levels did not decrease after 1 postoperative year, but hemoglobin, ferritin, and vitamin B₁₂ levels decreased. In conclusion, when patients experience rapid weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy, follow-up should be frequent and long. Dietary education should be conducted according to digestive symptoms, and oral nutritional supplements, including vitamins and minerals.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2008

The most common cause of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in childhood is adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Adenotonsillectomy improves the symptoms quite well in most cases. However, some patients could experience the OSAS again after adenotonsillectomy, who might have several risk factors such as incomplete operation, misdiagnosis, combined anatomical malformation, sinusitis or chronic allergic rhinitis, obesity, initial severe OSAS, and early onset OSAS. We report a case of 11-year-old obese boy who presented with snoring for several years. He was obese with body mass index (BMI) of $26.3kg/m^2$ and also found to have fatty liver by ultrasonogram. Initial polysomnography (PSG) showed that he met the criteria of severe OSAS with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 70.5. He underwent adenotonsillectomy and symptoms improved immediately. Four months later symptoms were relieved with AHI of 0, but 1 year after the adenotonsillectomy he started to complain snoring again and the subsequent PSG results showed that OSAS has relapsed with AHI of 43. Paranasal sinus X-ray and physical examination showed sinusitis and re-growth of adenoid. Obesity was proved not to be a contributing factor because his BMI decreased to normal range ($23.1kg/m^2$) after diet control and regular exercise. Also, liver transaminase was normalized and fatty liver was disappeared on follow-up abdominal ultrasonogram. After treatment of sinusitis, symptoms were relieved with decreased AHI (8.5). This case suggests that simple adenotonsillectomy might not be the end of OSAS treatment in childhood. Patients who had adenotonsillectomy should be followed by subsequent PSG if symptoms recur. It is also important to be aware of risk factors in the recurrent OSAS for the proper intervention according to the cause.