• 한방비만학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2005

Objectives : This study examined the association between body mass index(BMI) and psychological factors; self-esteem, depression, restraint eating, disinhibition, and hunger. The difference of TFEQ(restraint eating, disinhibition and hunger) was analyzed in variety of current diet situations. Methods : The research was based on a sample of people who visited our website and submit the result of self test(self-esteem n=3183; TFEQ n=5167; BDI n=2457). Results : Self-esteem and BDI was slightly correlated with BMI. There is negative correlation between restraint eating and BMI and positive correlations were observed between hunger and BMI, and disinhibition and BMI. We studied diet situation and eating habits. We divided the sample into 4 groups in accordance with self-submitted result: non-diet group(n=2806), diet-failed group within 3 months group(n=371), maintaining group after successful-diet(n=233), on-going diet group(n=1757) As to restraint eating, non-diet group showed the lowest score in restraint eating and maintaining group after successful-diet showed the highest. The score in disinhibition and hunger was significantly lower in maintaining group after successful-diet group than one in diet-failed group. Conclusion : These results suggest that it would be essential to treat these psychological factors such as depression and self-esteem in weight loss program. Considering the result in diet-situation and TFEQ, we insist that restraint-eating and disinhibition should be controlled. If these psychological factors were not treated in place, even the successful diet might turn out to be a worse situation like binge-eating

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2006

Objectives : It has been suggested that obesity in childhood may lead early menarche and rapid bony maturation. The purpose of this study is to investigate correlation between bone maturation and obese degree in childhood in Korea. Methods : Height, body weight, BMI, percent body fat were taken 138 patients. Ultrasonic scan was taken through calcaneous of the right foot to evaluate bone age. $DA({\Delta}age)$ was calculated from the difference of bone age and chronological age, and it was used in correlation with obese degree. Results : 1. The average age of patients was $11.91{\pm}2.86$ years old in boys, $11.44{\pm}2.27$ years old in girls. 2. The average BMI was $20.92{\pm}4.53kg/m2$ in boys, $19.76{\pm}4.05kg/m2in$ girls, and average percent body fat was $25.13{\pm}8.23%$ in boys, $27.66{\pm}5.95%$ in girls. 3. The average OI(osteo index) was 37.88 in boys, 36.64 in girls, and average bone age was $12.00{\pm}2.61$ years old in boys, $11.81{\pm}2.11$ years old in girls. 4. There was significant correlation between $DA({\Delta}age)$ and PBF in boys, but no significant correlation with BMI(p<0.05). 5. There was significant correlation between $DA({\Delta}age)$ and PBF, BMI in girls(p<0.01). 6. There was significant correlation between RA and OI(p<0.01). Conclusion : It is suggested that obese degree may have an impact on early bony maturation especially in case of girls.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of short stature through a clinical review of factors related to childhood height growth. So we can find the way to meet the needs of the heightism which is widely spread among modern people. Methods: Among 160 patients who came to Andong B oriental clinic for the purpose of growth therapy, 112 children whose height was smaller than other normal children were analyzed. When the children first came to the clinic, we checked their height and weight. The parents' height was recorded through a questionnaire. The relationship between obesity index and height growth was examined through growth plate test and Inbody test. We want to identify the genetic factors related to parental factors based on the data of the parent height. Results: For short stature children, weight was often normal or low. When we examined the relationship between parental genetic factors and child growth, we found that they were more influenced by father's height rather than mother's. We investigated the correlation between skeletal maturity and the five viscera. There was no apparent correlation between skeletal maturity and the five viscera but we found that there was some degree of relevance. Conclusions: For short stature children, the weight was often normal or low and parental genetic factors were more influenced by father than by mother. In the case of bone maturity it did not show a direct correlation between the five viscera.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.178-192
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• 2020

Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the impacts of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and behavioral treatment (BT) on weight loss and psychological outcomes among patients with three different subtypes of obesity: simple obesity, obesity with binge eating disorder, and obesity with depression. Methods: Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Research Information Sharing Service, and Korean Studies Information Service System were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials conducted on or before May 2020, that used CBT to treat obesity. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's risk of bias tool 2 and publication bias was evaluated through the funnel plot using the trim and fill method, Egger's test, and Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation test. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model and the standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to determine effect size. Results: Twenty-one randomized controlled trials with a total of 22 intervention arms and 2,590 patients were included. Our study results revealed that the effects of CBT, compared with BT, on weight loss distinctly differed across all patient subgroups. In the simple obesity group, CBT was more effective than BT (Hedges' g=0.138, CI=0.012~0.264); however, in the obesity with binge eating disorder group, BT was more effective than CBT (Hedges' g=-0.228, CI=-0.418~-0.038); in the obesity with depression group, the effect of CBT was not statistically different from that of BT (Hedges' g=0.276, CI=-0.307~0.859). Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm the outcomes observed in this study. Conclusions: Our results indicated that the effects of CBT on obesity treatment vary based on patient subtype. Therefore, our findings suggest that CBT or BT should be selectively recommended as a treatment strategy for different obesity subtypes.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2016

고혈압으로 진단된 비만환자 6예에 10일간 감로수 절식요법을 시행한 결과 절식기 후 혈압은 평균 148/89 mmHg에서 119/79 mmHg로 수축기 혈압은 28.7 mmHg 감소(-19.39%) 하였고, 이완기 혈압은 10.3 mmHg 감소(-11.57%)하였다. 절식기 후 체중, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 체지방률은 각각 평균 -6.65%, -6.10%, -7.76%, -1.42% 감소하였다. 위의 증례결과로 보았을 때 감로수 절식요법은 비만, 고혈압환자에 적용하였을 때 체중감량과 더불어 혈압강하효과를 가져올 것으로 기대된다. 감로수는 절식요법을 진행할 때 생길 수 있는 문제점의 발생을 줄여 10일간 절식요법이 안정되게 진행할 수 있게 도움으로써 혈압강하효과를 증가시킨다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of obesity, blood composition and physical ability in obese children on body weight control program. Methods : The body weight control program included exercise, nutrition education and auricular acupuncture was performed 4 times a week during 12 weeks. 32 obese children whose body fat ratio were over 30% participated in this study. Measuring materials were body composition(weight, muscle mass, fat mass, fat ratio, BMI), physical measurement(height, waist circumference, chest circumference, hip circumference), physical ability(grip strength, sit-ups, sitting trunk flexion, sit-down stand-up test, standing long jump, opened eyes foot balance, side step), blood composition(WBC, Hb, ESR, Total Cholesterol, TG, GOT, GPT, BUN, Creatinine, Glucose) and survey(changes of eating habits, changes of living habits, knowledge of obesity, self-confidence, self-esteem). Results : From the results, positive changes were made in BMI, height, waist circumferences, chest circumferences, hip circumferences, sit-ups, sitting trunk flexion, sit-down stand-up test, standing long jump, opened eyes foot balance, side step, Hb, ESR, GOT, GPT and changes of eating habits through the body weight control program. Conclusions : This results suggest that body weight control program including exercise, nutrition education and auricular acupuncture may be effective for helping obese children.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2015

감로수는 궁중음료인 제호탕과 동의보감의 생맥산에서 유래한 절식보조음료이다. 감로수를 이용한 절식요법의 보완과 향후 예정된 임상시험을 위한 임상지표 선정을 위해 정상인 1예, 비만인 1예, 고도비만인 1예를 대상으로 10일간의 절식요법 전, 후로 증례를 관찰하였다. 절식 후 체중은 평균 -6.3%, 체지방은 평균 -6.5%, 근육은 평균 -6.6% 감소하였고, 영양지표에 해당하는 RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, T-protein, albumin의 수치는 증가하였고 염증지표에 해당하는 hs- CRP, CRP, ESR, WBC 수치는 감소하였다. 절식 후에도 간기능, 신기능, 전해질수치는 정상수준을 유지하였고, 산화스트레스는 감소하였으며, 항산화력이 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. 피로도는 절식 전보다 다소 개선되었고, 절식기 동안 불면 이외에 별다른 불편증상을 호소하지 않았다. 다만 혈중 빌리루빈수치 상승, 케톤 증가로 인한 체액의 약산성화는 절식요법을 시행함에 있어 추후 보완해야 할 사안이라 생각된다. 결론적으로 감로수의 디톡스 프로파일은 적합하며 관찰된 결과는 후속연구에 고려될 것이다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2010

Objectives : It is known that abdominal obesity increases the possibility of cardiovascular diseases, early death, and metabolic syndrome including dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Clinical trials have been under way to verify the effectiveness of treatment for abdominal obesity. The objective of this study is to set criteria about how effective oriental medicine and acupuncture are in abdominal obesity. Methods : I manually search "www.clinicaltrial.gov", 4 Korean medical databases and 4 Korean medical journals of abdominal obesity. Search terms used were "abdominal obesity" or "visceral obesity". In order to see detail review, searching was performed from 01, 01, 2005 to 11, 31, 2009. And I classified all the searched studies into design, intervention, purpose, end point, diseases, condition and etc. Results : 1. I could search total 67 trials in "www.clinicaltrial.gov". I found 9, 10, 13, 8, 6 clinical trial from 2005 to 2009 every year. 2. Test on both gender and adult or adult and senior have been most frequent. 3. Randomization clinical trial is 51 cases that occupied 96.2%. 38 cases use control group. 4. Body mass index(BMI) and waist circunference(WC) are major criteria of abdominal obesity clincal trial. WC, BMI, abdominal fat mass, body weight are measured at end point of abdominal obesity clincal trial. 5. I could search total 86 cases in domestic study. I found 15, 23, 23, 20, 5 cases from 2005 to 2009 every year. 6. Test on female and adult have been most frequent in domestic study. 7. Randomization clincal trial is only 2 cases that occupied 2.3%. 62 cases use control group in domestic study. 8. BMI, body fat percent, WC, visceral-subcutaneous fat ratio(VSR), waist-hip ratio(WHR) are criteria of abdominal obesity clincal trial in domestic study. WC, BMI, abdominal fat mass, body weight are measured at end point of abdominal obesity clincal trial in domestic study. Conclusions : To improve abdominal obesity study in traditional korean medicine, it is need to activate clinical trial, meta analysis, develope of clinical practice guidelines, co-works with conventional medicine and etc.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.216-229
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aims to investigate trends of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor profiles over 17 years in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients at the Mayo Clinic. Methods: We performed a time-trend analysis within the Mayo Clinic PCI Registry from 1994 to 2010. Results were the incidence and prevalence of CVD risk factors as estimate by the Framingham risk score. Results: Between 1994 and 2010, 25 519 patients underwent a PCI. During the time assessed, the mean age at PCI became older, but the gender distribution did not change. A significant trend towards higher body mass index and more prevalent hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes was found over time. The prevalence of current smokers remained unchanged. The prevalence of ever-smokers decreased among males, but increased among females. However, overall CVD risk according to the Framingham risk score (FRS) and 10-year CVD risk significantly decreased. The use of most of medications elevated from 1994 to 2010, except for ${\beta}$-blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors decreased after 2007 and 2006 in both baseline and discharge, respectively. Conclusions: Most of the major risk factors improved and the FRS and 10-year CVD risk declined in this population of PCI patients. However, obesity, history of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and medication use increased substantially. Improvements to blood pressure and lipid profile management because of medication use may have influenced the positive trends.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a hypodermic injectable solution comprised of an LPM LB meso solution containing Melissa officinalis L. leaf extract (LPM) on the lipogenesis in the 3T3-L1 cells line. The lipid accumulation measured by oil red o staining in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with LPM, which was reduced in a dose dependent manner and showed 91.7 to 62.9% compared to control group. Its effectiveness with a 50% solution was significantly higher than the hydroxycitric acid (positive control) treatment without showing cell cytotoxicity. In a quantitative real-time PCR, it was demonstrated that the LPM treatment appeared to upregulate the mRNA expression of the adipogenesis-related genes, which included the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (50% concentration) while down-regulating the CCAAT-enhancer binding protein alpha (50% concentration) and the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (10, 25, and 50% concentrations). The results from the current study suggest that the LPM could be useful biomaterials that can inhibit obesity in the 3T3-L1 cells, which could possibly be by regulating the specific adipogenic gene transcription factors.