• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.31-58
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• 2010

Using Seoul Welfare Panel Study, this research examines regional differentials in income and asset between Gangnam households and Non-Gangnam households in Seoul. Applying the Oaxaca decomposition method, it also decomposes factors associated with the differentials into explained and unexplained components. Results show that average monthly income is about 4 million won for Gangnam households and 3.2 million won for Non-Gangnam households. The explained component accounts for most of the income differential, which mainly originates from differences in the distributions of individual and household characteristics associated with the monthly income. The net asset differential between the two regions is much greater than the income differential. The net asset is about 460 million won for Gangnam households and approximately 280 million won for Non-Gangnam households. Most of the net asset differential is remained unexplained after controlling for covariates which measure demographic characteristics of householders and various features of labor market in which household members are employeed. It implies that other factors such as inter-generational transfers of wealth may play a significant role in creating the net asset differential.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.107-127
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• 2012

This study investigates the factors influencing service outcomes of group homes and residential care centers, as well as the factors causing any differences between the two service outcomes. 119 and 137 5-6th graders were selected from group homes and residential care centers respectively, using the cluster sampling method. Multiple regression and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition were used in this study. The results revealed that 'stigma', 'school adjustment', and 'social support' were significant factors influencing service outcomes among children in group homes, while 'stigma', 'primary caregivers' attitude', and 'peer relations' were identified as significant factors among children in residential care centers. The study also found that the mean service outcome score for group homes was higher than that of residential care centers. The 74 percent of this difference in the mean scores was due to the difference in children' characteristics of the two out-of-home care service types. The remaining 26 percent of this difference was due to unobserved characteristics. Finally, the implications of this study in child welfare practices were also discussed.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.43-75
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• 2007

This study reviews the trend of job separation rates for three years from 2002 to 2005 and investigates the various elements which influence this trend, especially the role of the labor unions, by using Korean Labor Panel data. In the basic statistics, the job retention rate of union members were higher by an average of 28.3% points compared to non-union members, but in the results of controlling the observed variables of individual influences in changing jobs, it was estimated that unions increase the job retention rate by 11% to 13% points. To investigate the effect of unions on the job stability of workers in detail, the non-linear decomposition method developed by Fairlie (2003) was used in the analysis. In examining the difference of job separation rates between union members and non-union members through observed variables of workers in explainable parts and unexplainable parts by using the non-linear decomposition technique, the contribution of the explainable part was estimated to be 67% to 74% and the unexplainable part accounted for the rest which was 26% to 33%. This suggests that not only does the union contribute to the job stability of its members, but the propensity to change jobs for a worker who is a union member is on average lower than that of a worker who is not a union member or who works at an establishment that does not have a union. The results of the empirical analysis show that the job stability effect of labor unions is limited within the boundary of a maximum 7% to 9% points. The reason for the effect of labor unions on job stability being so low is due to various reasons such as collective bargaining structure by company, intensified business competition after the financial crisis, and labor market segmentation.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.196-213
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• 2019

This paper attempts to analyze the contribution of different socioeconomic factors such as income, age, gender, household composition, education and employment status etc. to the difference between the Capital and Non-Capital Regions in the net wealth inequality of household in Korea. To this end, a two-stage Oaxaca-Blinder type decomposition is employed regarding the regional gap in the inequality of net wealth based upon the Recentered Influence Function of the Gini index for 'the 2018 Household Finance and Living Conditions Survey.' Despite the shortcomings of the survey data on wealth, the findings reveal that regional differences in income, marriage status (divorce), job type (agriculture, forestry and fishery related, and technical and assembly), family type (multi-cultural) variables deepen the regional gap in the net-wealth inequality, but employment status (full-time), job type (administrative and specialized, and service sales), household size variables mitigate the gap, and that regional differences in life cycles play an offsetting role.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.45-59
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the static and dynamic change of wage differentials of women with disabilities in the Seoul local labor market. This study attempts to explain the double discrimination mechanism for disabled women and empirically gender discrimination and disability discrimination for them by using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis. In addition, using Juhn-Murphy-Pierce decomposition analysis. we analyze the wage differentials caused by the changed characteristics of disabled women and structures of discrimination at the Seoul local labor market. Data from the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled and Korean Labor and Income Panel Study for two years (2008, 2012) are used. According to the result, wage differentials of disabled women caused by disability discrimination is approximately 55% of total wage discrimination, whereas 45% is caused by gender discrimination during the period. Both observed and unobserved components move in the same direction to narrow wage differentials due to the disability discrimination and gender discrimination. Also the endowments in the Seoul local labor market about the changes of observed and unobserved components contribute more to narrow gender wage differentials, while these endowments widen disability wage differentials.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2012

The Schwabe's law explains the housing demand weighs more on demographic factors rather than on socio-economic factors as societies achieve higher level of economic development. Based on Schwabe's law, the present study constructs a hypotheses to analyze changes of housing demand with respect to housing tenure change in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) during the periods of 1980 to 2005. To test the hypotheses, the authors take advantage of the Population and Housing Census 2% data from 1980 to 2005. The authors apply binary probit with decomposition method to verify our hypotheses. The authors found that the influence of socio-economic factors on housing tenure have been weakened in the housing market during the periods of 1980 to 2005. On the other hand, the relative influence of demographic factors have been strengthened in the housing market during the periods. The present study concludes that housing demand in the SMA have been dramatically changed from socio-economic characteristics to demographic factors to decide housing tenure during the periods, which confirms the hypotheses of the present study.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.113-141
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• 2014

This paper examines the occupational gender wage gap in the Korea labor market. This paper classifies occupations into three(the blue-collar profession, white-collar profession and female-dominated profession) according to job characteristics and female worker's ratio. To analyze occupational gender wage gap, this paper uses Mincer's wage equation(1974) and Oaxaca model(1973). The results are listed below. First, the gender wage gap is growing in all occupations. Second, the cause of increasing gender wage gap varies in different occupations.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.333-354
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• 2009

This study decomposes the gender differences on poverty to explain the causes of the poverty gap between male- and female-headed households. In order to do this, we start from examining the extent of the poverty gap between maleand female-headed families and then conduct decomposition of poverty differences by gender using the Oaxaca method. This paper uses the (Urban) Family Budget Survey data from 1982 to 2008 and measures poverty using 50% of the median income poverty line. Major findings of this study are as follows: First, in 2008, the coefficient effect explains 70% or more of the total gender-poverty gap. Second, the trend of gender-poverty gap in the period of 1982~2008 shows that the poverty gap by gender increased in the 1980s', decreased in the 1990s', and a re-increased in 2000s'. Third, comparing the decomposition results in 1982, 1989, 1999, 2008, we found that the share of characteristic effect of the total gender poverty gap has been increased gradually over time. It means the characteristics of the female-headed households have become worse than those of the male-headed households in urban working families. At the same time, the still large coefficient effect suggests that the problems such as the discrimination against matriarchs or the lack of social support for them still play important roles among urban working families in Korea.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.3-28
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• 2018

This study focuses on analyzing the glass ceiling effect in arts and culture professionals through the quintile decomposition applied to the RIF unconditional quantile regression and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition technique. From the industrial viewpoint, we divide arts and culture professionals into cultural contents professionals(large category J industry) and arts professionals(large category R industry). For our analysis, we employ the pooling data of 'Wage Structure Survey' from 2009 to 2016. Our results are summarized as follows. First, as OLS wage decomposition showed that the gender wage gap among the arts professionals was lower than cultural contents professionals, but the discrimination portion of total gender wage gap was larger. Second, from quintile regression decompositions, the glass ceiling effects of two types of professionals showed different results. Cultural contents sector was observed with the "steady glass ceiling effect" as the portion of the discrimination was continuously increased, while the arts sector was observed with the "limited glass ceiling effect" as the discrimination had drastically increased in the 80s and 90s.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.143-157
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is twofold. First, it shows how to calculate the size of nonregular workers in Korea using the supplemental surveys to the Economically Active Population Surveys. Second, it decomposes the difference in the share of nonregular workers between 2005 and 2013 by a Oaxaca-type method.. The obtained results indicate that the differences in coefficients rather than the differences in characteristics are mainly responsible for the decline in the share of nonregular workers. This implies that a worker with the same characteristics is more likely to be a regular worker in 2013 than in 2005. This tendency may come from the changes in workers's as well as firms' employment practices. Also, it is suspected that the Nonregular Worker Act enacted in 2007 may have contributed to the decrease in the share of nonregular workers.