• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.257-264
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• 2019

Recently, ITU-T recommends that FlexE, which allows the flexible configuration of Ethernet signals, be received by OTN for transparent transmission through OTN. To compensate for the difference in bit rate that can occur when mapping FlexE signals to OTN payload, an idle codeword is removed or inserted. However, the detailed functional blocks required to implement this method are not yet available. In this paper, based on the recent ITU-T requirements, a detailed functional block for OTN mapping of FlexE signals is proposed based on 400G class. In addition, based on the detailed functional blocks, mathematical analysis was performed to obtain the characteristics of removing and inserting idle code words, and the simulation results are shown.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.6
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• pp.567-572
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• 2008

It is necessary to study about the scheme to accept IP traffic effectively in OTN, according to expect that IP traffic data will be increase constantly. In this paper, we studied the encapsulation method of IP traffic through GFP in OTN transmission network. Therefore we knew the IP/GFP/OTN method is more efficient than existing methods from structure, overhead rates and possibility of grow, and showed the functional block of high level about this method. Also we showed the implementation scheme of this method by processing the functional simulation to make use of VHDL programming.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

OTN(Optical Transport Network) 기술은 다양한 형태의 신호 수용과 신호 다중화로 대용량 신호의 장거리 전송을 가능하게 한다. 또한 서브파장 단위의 스위칭 능력과 풍부한 OAM 기능은 고대역 트래픽 자원 관리에 적합하다. 이와 같은 필요성에 의해서 광전달망 기술은 발전에 한계에 도달한 SONET/SDH를 대체하면서 기간망에 도입되고 있는 표준 기술이다. 본고에서는 OTN 구조 및 다중화 기술에 대해 살펴보고, 광전송망에서의 대역폭 증감 기술, OTN 전송망의 신뢰성 보장을 위한 OTN 보호절체 기술, 100GE 이후의 차세대 이더넷 수용 및 고속 전송에 대비한 Beyond 100G OTN 기술, 비용 절감과 네트워크 자원의 효율적 사용을 위한 OTN 스위칭 기술에 대해 알아본다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.438-441
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• 2003

본 논문은 10Gb/s 클라이언트 신호를 4 채널까지 매핑 및 다중화하여 40Gb/s OTN 신호를 생성하는 OTU3 프레이머의 구조 설계를 기술한다. 클라이언트 신호는 상호 비동기인 경우 먼저 ODU2 로 비트 동기식으로 매핑된 후 ODU3 페이로드에 자리맞춤 방법으로 매핑 및 다중화될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.19-19
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• 2004

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.12B
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• pp.1601-1610
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• 2011

This paper discusses standardization activities, requirements and enabling technologies for 100G Ethernet and 100G OTN. The need of 100Gbps transport capacity has been gaining greater interest from service providers and carrier vendors. Moreover, optical transport networks based on OTN/DWDM are changing their properties to apply Ethernet traffic which is dramatically increasing. We realize and experimentally demonstrate OTU4 framer with commercial FPGA. The key features of the realized OTU4 framer are parallel signal processing function, multi-lane distribution function, GMP function and FEC function. The realized OTU4 framer has the large signal processing capacity of 120Gbps, which allows to transport about 120Gbps client signals such as $12{\times}10G$ Ethernet and $3{\times}40G$ Ethernet. The realized OTU4 framer has the advantages to quickly adjust to changing markets and new technologies by using commercial FPGA instead of ASIC.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.127-130
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• 2004

This paper describes the design and implementation of a SNMP Agent for NG-SDH transmission system. One of the most important items in SDH network management is the information model that implements every function of SDH equipment at network level. Although the TMN framework of SDH information model has been defined quite well, CMIP constraints of a real implementation urge vendors to implement proprietary features, and make it more difficult to maintain an integrated view of multivendor SDH networks management. To solve these aspects, this work proposes SNMP information model that allows a simple view of NG-SDH network management.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 1994

Exchange reaction mechanisms of the Pb(II) ion for the complexes between Pb(II) ion and nitrogen oxygen donor macrocyclic ligands, such as 1,13-diaza-3,4 : $1011-dibenzo-59-dioxacyclohexa-decane(NtnOtnH_4)$, 1,15-diaza-3,4 : $1213-dibenzo-5811-trioxacycloheptadecane(NenOdienH_4)$, and 1,15-diaza-3,4 : $1213-dibenzo-5811-trioxacyclooctadecane(NtnOdienH_4)$, were studied by $^{207}Pb-NMR$ spectroscopy in N,N'-dimethylformamide(DMF) solutions. The associative-dissociative mechanism dominated in $NtnOtnH_4-Pb(II)$ and $NtnOdienH_4-Pb(II)$ system. For $NenOdienH_4-Pb(II)$ system, the bimolecular exchange mechanism prevailed below $-5^{\circ}C$, and both bimolecular exchange and associative-dissociative mechanism dominated above $+5^{\circ}C.$ The order of activation energies for dissociation was $NtnOdienH_4\;<\;NtnOtnH_4\;<\;NenOdienH_4$ which was reverse to the order of stabilities.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 1991

The protonation and the metal ion complexation of 15 to 18 membered diaza crown ether such as 1,12-diaza-3, 4 : 9, 10-dibenzo-5, 8-dioxacyclopentadecane(NtnOenH$_4$), 1,13-diaza-3,4 : 10,11-dibenzo-hydroxy-5,9-dioxacyclohexadecane(NtnOtnH$_4$), 1,13-diaza-3,4 : 10,11-dibenzo-15-hydroxy-5,9-dioxacyclohexadecane(Ntn(OH)OtnH$_4$), 1,15-diaza-3,4 : 12,13-dibenzo-5,8,11-trioxacycloheptadecane (NenOdienH$_4$) and 1,15-diaza-3,4 : 12,13-dibenzo-5,8,11-trioxacyclooctadecane(NtnOdienH$_4$) were studlied by potentiometry and NMR spectroscopy. The protonation constants were used to predict basicity of crown ethers. The sequence of the basicity was NenOdienH$_4$ < Ntn(OH)OtnH$_4$ < NtnOenH$_4$ < NtnOtnH$_4$ < NtnOdienH$_4$. Changes on the basicity were explained in terms of the effects of substituents and the degree of twistness of the macrocyclic ring. The sequence of the complex stabilities were Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) < Zn(II) for the transition metal complexes and Cd(II) < pb(II) < Hg(II) for the post-transition metal complexes. These changes on the stabilities were dependent on the basicity of the ligand and cavity size of the ring. For the heavy post-transiton metal complexes and Zn(Ⅱ) complex, the former factor was predominent and for the other transition metal complexes, the latter was affected on the stabilities. $^1$H and $^{13}$C-NMR studies for heavy post-transition metal complexes indicated that the nitrogen atom has greater affinity on metal ions than oxygen atom and the planarity of the rings was losed by the complexation with metal ions.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.114-122
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• 2000

Several new ion exchange resins have been synthesized from chloromethyl styrene-1,4-divinylbenzine with 1%, 2%, 5% and 105-crosslink and macrocyclic ligands of cryptand type by interpolymerization method. The adsorption characteristics and the pH, time, solvents and concentration dependence of the adsorption of uranium ion by this resins were studied. The resins were very stable in both acidic and basic media and have good resistance to heat at $300^{\circ}C$. The uranium ion are not adsorbed on the resins below pH 3.0, but the power of adsorption of it increased rapidly above pH 4.0. The optimum equilibrium time for adsorption of uranium ion was two hours and adsorptive power decreased in proportion to crosslink size of the resins and order of dielectric constants of solvents used and the adsorption for uranium ion was bin the order of $OdienNtn-H_4$ > $OtnNen-H_4$ > $OtnNen-H_4$ > $OenNen-H_4$.