• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.646-654
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to draw policy implications for the development and expansion of Korea's forest ODA through investigating the perceptions of stakeholder on the fields that contributed the development of forestry in Korea and would have competitiveness in developing countries and priority fields for Korea's forest ODA. For this, the survey was conducted for 248 subjects from the general and expert stakeholder groups. Chi-square test in cross analysis, independent sample t-test, ANOVA and Duncan test were conducted to compare the difference of perceptions by group. The whole general and expert groups consider that 'forest conservation and rehabilitation' contributed to the development of Korea's forestry most and consider its global competitiveness most high. Comparing expert groups, ODA experts evaluated the competitiveness of 'capacity building for policies, institutions and research' higher than the forestry experts. For priority fields of Korea's forest ODA, general groups perceived 'management of CERs' and 'conservation of biodiversity' most important, showing the clear difference in perception compared to that of experts. In Conclusion, for the effective forest ODA of Korea, the effort to fill the gap between the general and expert groups needs to be made, as well as developing forestry capacity building programs to cope with the fields such as climate change adaptation and biodiversity conservation, which is newly required in a global society, in addition to using the past experience of forest rehabilitation in Korea. It will be useful for the rehabilitation of North Korea's forest in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.210-210
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• 2022

This study evaluates Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) projects in Thailand from 2011 to 2013 by deploying the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) evaluation criteria. Special attention is placed on disaster-related development assistance activities of Japan through reviewing long-term impacts of the projects. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has played a crucial role in transferring Japan's experiences on disaster risk management to developing countries, including Thailand. The study highlights two flood risk management projects in Thailand with the support of JICA after the 2011 floods, namely the Project for the Comprehensive Flood Management Plan for the Chao Phraya River Basin and the Project for Flood Countermeasures for Thailand Agriculture Sector. The case studies demonstrate that the projects were efficiently and effectively conducted for meeting Thailand's needs and requirements. JICA provided multi-hazards risk analysis through scientific data as well as local knowledge. However, achievements of the project did not last for long because of a lack of Thai stakeholders' commitment and JICA's post-project management. It is concluded that a development agency should consider impacts and sustainability of flood risk management projects more carefully from the stage of planning, and the practical application of the knowledge, and technologies should also be monitored progressively after the completion of the project.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.67-79
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• 2020

As globalization, international cooperation has grown in importance. In accordance with this trend, Korea has been receiving high demands from international organizations about expanding the scale of Official Development Assistance(ODA) in line with its improved national status. In addition, in the economic aspect of Korea, the ODA project is expected to provide new growth opportunities in the mid- to long-term by promoting cooperation with developing countries. Uganda is an area with high strategic value due to good agricultural conditions and favorable geographical conditions. The poultry industry is a business that is generally carried out to the Ugandan, but due to economic problems such as initial investment cost, most of them have raised poultry on a small scale which is not enough for main income. This paper proposes the construction and operation plan of adapting to small poultry farms in the village-intensive type to sustainable income for residents in Uganda through ODA project in Korea's agricultural technology. The economic feasibility was analyzed from the long-term perspective when the initial construction cost was supported or not and the poultry species ratio was adjusted in terms of initial and operating costs. Economic analysis was performed using Net Present Value(NPV) method. As of after 10 years, when operating in the form of shifting kuroiler to layers, it was estimated to earn about 700,000 ugx more than when only kuroiler is raised, and it is able to reduce about 14 million ugx from the initial cost than when only raising layers. As of 20 years, the most profitables scenario was the breeding of 100 kuroilers and 400 layers methods. however, this case was anlayzed to be unsuitable for Uganda farmers, with initial costs more than three times higher than the shifting method of the kuroiler to layers. If the initial construction cost is supported by ODA project, the initial investment cost can be recovered in the first year with the shifting method, whereas raising only layers take two years to recoup the cost. In the meantime, when studying livestock industry in Uganda, it was examined by relying on statistical data, but this paper is meaningful in that it predicted how much it is economically effective based on field experience.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.548-558
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• 2020

This study presents improvement measures at the local government level by analyzing the step-by-step projects of Suwon City's Suwon Village Development Project, which is being carried out with public development assistance in the Kingdom of Cambodia. For this study, realistic research was conducted by visiting the site and interviewing the person in charge. The following conclusions are drawn. First, public development assistance projects for local governments in Korea should be carried out, with detailed programs to implement them under the central government's ODA policy. Second, provided a project is competitively carried out, and is not simply pork barreling or enhancing the external image of local governments, the project should be continued, and supplementary measures taken based on an evaluation system and the results of the project's performance. Third, ODAs in the economic and social development sectors-not sporadic aid among central government ministries and local governments-should be centered on the central government and KOICA while local governments are small. If development cooperation is achieved by focusing on the software sector, criticism that it wastes taxpayers' money is likely to decrease. This study suggests that local governments need to establish ODA plans and cooperate with the central government.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2021

As opposed to using fossil fuels, we need to use eco-friendly resources such as sunlight, raindrops and wind to produce electricity and combat environmental pollution. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a device that converts mechanical energy into electricity by inducing repetitive contact and separation of two dissimilar materials. During the contact and separation processes, electron flow occurs owing to a change in electric potential of the contacting surface caused by contact electrification and electrostatic induction mechanisms. A solid-solid contact TENG is widely known, but it is possible to generate electricity via liquid-solid contact. Therefore, by designing a hydrophobic TENG, we can gather electricity from raindrop energy in a feasible manner. To fabricate the superhydrophobic surface of TENGs, we employ a dip coating technique to synthesize an octadecylamine (ODA)- and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based coating on polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The synthesized coating exhibits superhydrophobicity with a contact angle greater than 150° and generates a current of 2.2 ㎂/L while water droplets fall onto it continuously. Hence, we prepare a box-type TENG, with the ODA/PDMS coating deposited on the inside, and place a 1.5 mL water droplet into it. Resultantly, we confirm that the induced vibration causes continuous impacts between the ODA/PDMS coating and the water, generating approximately 100 pA for each impact.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.41-74
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• 2007

This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of Korea's official development assistance (ODA) in terms of improvement in per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of aid recipients, and promotion of Korea's exports and outward foreign direct investments (FDI) to ODA recipients. The assessment has also been done for different groups of aid recipient countries divided by their regional location, income level, and economic freedom. For this purpose, this paper empirically tests the effectiveness of bilateral grants and loans for 163 aid recipient countries during the period of 1990 to 2003. Results show that ODA from Korea had not been able to explain the variations in aid recipient countries' growth in per capita GDP. Provision of aid promoted outward FDI to aid recipient countries during the entire period considered. With respect to exports, provision of aid had facilitated Korea's exports to aid recipient countries, except for the period of 2000~2003. On the basis of the findings, recommendations for future aid policy have been made.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to introduce a rural development project utilized Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA), which has been widely developed and applied as an approach and methods for participatory rural development since 1990's. In the ODA project titled as "Happiness Program", a comprehensive community development program designed and conducted by KOICA for underprivileged ethnic minorities in Lao Cai province, Vietnam, the villagers were able to analyse the realities of their situations, to plan, to act, and to monitor and evaluate their actions for improvement through all the processes of PRA utilization. Apart from the successful implementation of participatory rural development activities, this project also made a contribution to extending our knowledge about PRA by presenting the monitoring and evaluation system built for the project and the impact analyzed by the system such as increase in villagers' annual income, expansion of infrastructure, capacity development and etc.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.77-96
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• 2017

This study seeks to examine current status and issues on primary education environment and teachers in Cambodia, a country that has a poor education environment and low educational achievement I analysed the features and limitation of education. Major findings revealed the primary school students' low accessibility on education and poor competencies and qualification of primary school teachers, which have hindered a quality of education in Cambodia. Central implications were produced to improve the quality of education and training system for primary school teachers. First, sustainability should be embedded from the initial design to the performance evaluation of the projects. Second, we should carry forward a customized training project that can meet the needs of primary school teachers in Cambodia. Third, the Education ODA project should be institutionalized into the national mechanism of the credit accreditation system, including the incentives of participating. Fourth, in-service training should ensure the inclusiveness and accessibility for the disadvantaged in remote areas. Fifth, short-term workshops for teachers should be avoided, but intensive programs including mentoring should be expanded. Finally, we should support the establishment of autonomous teacher- learning communities based on school level across the Cambodia, which could establish the social capital of the teaching profession in a long term.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.260-260
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• 2015

에티오피아는 국제원조사업으로 SNNPR주 Gurage zone에 "안전한 식수 공급 사업"을 요청하였다. 이에 KOICA에서는 당해 지역내 국제원조사업 실시에 대한 성과를 평가하고자, ODA 사업 추진 전 지역주민의 "삶의 질"을 사전 평가하였다. 본 논고는 KOICA의 에티오피아 SNNPR주 Gurage zone "삶의 질" 평가 결과이다. "삶의 질" 분석을 위한 평가기준으로는 1. 현지 지역주민의 물이용 현황, 위생 및 환경 현황, 취수활동이 교육에 미치는 영향, 취수활동이 가정 경제 활동에 미치는 영향 등을 분석하고, 2. 식수공급사업 추진 시, 지역주민이 바라는 식수개발사업의 유형을 살펴보았다. 분석을 위한 자료 조사 방법으로는 설문 방법을 선택하였으며, 설문은 물 이용 현황, 질병 및 위생 관리 현황, 취수활동이 교육 및 가계 경제에 미치는 영향 그리고 지역주민이 바라는 식수사업의 방향 및 이유 등을 중심으로 구성하였다. 설문지 유형은 현황 관련 계량적 수치를 답하는 질문(계량적 평가)과 함께 지역주민이 현황에 관하여 인식하는 정도를 답하는 질문(비-계량적 평가, 리커트 5점 척도 이용)을 함께 구성하였다. 조사범위는 식수위생사업 범위에 있는 Gurage Zone 24개 마을, 301 가구, 400명의 주민을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.93-100
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• 2023

A study of uncertainty analysis was conducted on four key thermophysical properties of molten Platinum using a noncontacting levitation technique. More specifically, this work demonstrates a detailed reporting of the uncertainties associated with the density, volumetric thermal expansion coefficient, surface tension and viscosity measurements at higher temperatures for a widely used refractory metal, Platinum using electrostatic levitation (ESL). The microgravity experiments were conducted using JAXA's Electrostatic Levitation Furnace (ELF) facility on the International Space Station and the terrestrial experiments were conducted using NASA's Marshal Space Flight Center's ESL facility. The performance of these two facilities were then quantified based on the measurement precision and accuracy using the metrological International Standards Organization's Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty Measurement (GUM) principles.