• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2016

A 10-year-9-month-old spayed female Shih Tzu was presented with ocular discharge and corneal opacity to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. Complete ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral keratoconjunctivitis sicca accompanied by the severe corneal neovascularization and edema in the right eye (OD). Ultrasound biomicroscopy incidentally showed an iridociliary mass located at 6~7 o'clock in the OD. No evidence of metastasis was observed on thoracic and abdominal radiography. Enucleation was selected and performed on the OD, considering the risk of metastasis or recurrence. Non-invasive and pigmented iridociliary adenoma was confirmed on histopathological evaluation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1443-1451
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• 2014

Increasing cost and scarcity of maize has stimulated the use of alternative feed sources (AFS) in the diets of cattle. In this study, we investigated the effects of partial or total replacement of maize on nutrient digestibility, growth performance, blood metabolites, and economics in Limousin crossbred feedlot cattle. Forty-five $Limousin{\times}Luxi$ crossbred bulls were randomly assigned to the three treatment groups, orthodox diet (OD; 45.0% maize), partial replacement diet (PRD; 15% maize, 67% AFS), total replacement diet (TRD; 0% maize, 100% AFS). The growth feeding trial lasted for 98 days. Dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) were recorded. The digestion trial was carried out after the end of the growth trial. Total faeces and feed samples were measured daily. Digestibilities of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were calculated. After the feeding trial, blood metabolites were measured in 12 animals from each group. Initial and final body weights did not differ significantly among treatment groups (p>0.05). The ADG and DMI were 1.72 and 8.66, 1.60 and 9.10, and 1.40 and 9.11 kg/d for OD, PRD, and TRD, respectively. The PRD and TRD exhibited lower ADG (p<0.01) and higher DMI (p<0.01) than OD. The DMI (%body weight) was comparable between groups (p>0.5). Feed efficiency of PRD and TRD were lower than OD (p<0.01). The DM digestibility decreased with reduced level of maize (p = 0.10), OM digestibility was higher in OD (p<0.05), and CP, NDF and ADF digestibilities were similar for all groups (p>0.05). Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) in PRD and TRD was higher than OD (p<0.01), while other blood parameters did not differ significantly. Feed costs ($/head/d) were 1.49, 0.98, and 0.72 for OD, PRD, and TRD, respectively (p<0.01). Feed costs per kg gain ($) were significantly lower for PRD (0.63) and TRD (0.54) than OD (0.89; p<0.01). Overall profit ($/head) and daily profit ($/head/d) did not differ significantly between treatments (p>0.05), although TRD showed the highest economic benefits overall (p<0.01). While a traditional diet maximized the growth rate, partial or total replacement of dietary maize with AFS proved economically feasible due to their lower costs and comparable nutrient digestibilities of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF. Partial replacement may prove economically competitive in the current situation of China.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.3191-3196
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• 2013

초음파 센서는 거리를 측정하는 센서이다. 초음파 센서의 피에조 세라믹과 매칭레이어 접착기술이 가장 핵심이 되는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 초음파를 공기 중으로 발진해 주는 매칭레이어에 대한 관계의 연구와 함께 피에조 세라믹과 매칭레이어를 접착한 경우 변화될 수 있는 결과를 추출하여 제 2의 사용가능 주파수를 발견하는 것이 목적이다. 또한 실제 압전소자인 피에조 세라믹과 케미컬우드인 매칭레이어를 사용하여 실험하였다. 피에조 세라믹의 OD는 ${\Phi}50{\times}3T$로 설계 되었으며 매칭레이어 OD는 ${\lambda}=1/4$인 ${\Phi}62{\times}12t$로 설계하였다. 가장 최적의 공진 주파수는 53 Khz에서 음향 임피던스 값을 나타냈다. 실험결과, 유연성을 가진 접착제 보다 고체에 가까운 접착제를 사용할 경우에 많은 사용가능 주파수를 생성할 수 있는 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2015

인간의 위장관은 매우 복잡한 장내균총으로 이루어져 있으며, 장내균총은 인간의 생리 기능에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 특히 유아기의 장내균총의 불균형은 면역연관 질병을 일으키는 요인이며 치료 목적으로 probiotics가 유용하게 활용되고 있다. Probiotics의 대표 균종은 L. plantarum으로서 영유아기에 병원균보다 가장 먼저 정착해야 면역 질환을 예방할 수 있다. 그러나 아직 Lactobacillus가 장의 우점종으로 정착하기 위한 환경적 요인과 항생물질분비 조절에 대한 이해는 부족한 실정이다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2016

Upon detecting a frequency event in a power system, the stepwise inertial control (SIC) of a wind turbine generator (WTG) instantly increases the power output for a preset period so as to arrest the frequency drop. Afterwards, SIC rapidly reduces the WTG output to avert over-deceleration (OD). However, such a rapid output reduction may act as a power deficit in the power system, and thereby cause a second frequency dip. In this paper, a hybrid reference function for the stable SIC of a doubly-fed induction generator is proposed to prevent OD while improving the frequency nadir (FN). To achieve this objective, a reference function is separately defined prior to and after the FN. In order to improve the FN when an event is detected, the reference is instantly increased by a constant and then maintained until the FN. This constant is determined by considering the power margin and available kinetic energy. To prevent OD, the reference decays with the rotor speed after the FN. The performance of the proposed scheme was validated under various wind speed conditions and wind power penetration levels using an EMTP-RV simulator. The results clearly demonstrate that the scheme successfully prevents OD while improving the FN at different wind conditions and wind power penetration levels. Furthermore, the scheme is adaptive to the size of a frequency event.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1385-1393
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• 1998

The hypoglycemic effects of butanol(BuOH) fraction of Polygonatum odoratum with vitamin E in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-230g were devided into five groups, and four groups induced diabetes mellitus by the STZ injection(45mg/kg b.w.) into the tail vein : Normal, diabetic-control, and three diabetic experimental groups(p. odoratum group, P. od-vit. E group and Vit. E group). All groups were fed on a AIN-76 diet, and the experimental groups were orally administered with the BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum(500mg/kg b.w.) and vitamin E(10mg/kg b.w.) for 14 days. The body weight, diet intake and organ weights were monitored. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were analyzed. The levels of glycogen in liver and muscle, cholesterol in liver were determined. The malondialdehyde(MDA) levels in liver, kidney and lung were assayed. The body weight loss was seen in P. odoratum group, P. od-vit. E group, Vit. E group and diabetic control group, while the loss in P. odoratum group was much less than that in the diabetic control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lowered in P. odoratum group compared to diabetic control group. The plasma insulin levels were noticeably higher in P. odoratum and Vit. E groups. The rats in P. odoratum and P. od-vit. E group showed higher liver glycogen levels than in the diabetic control group. The MDA levels in liver, kidney and lung were also significantly reduced in P. od-vit. E and Vit. E groups compared to the diabetic control group. The results suggest that the administration of BuOH fraction of Polygonatum odoratum along with vitamin E reduced blood glucose levels and peroxidative tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats, showing the possibility of preventive and therapeutic use of the wild edible plant to the diabetes mellitus. (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1385-1393, 1998)

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.717-721
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes growth by oleanolic acid under sublethal stresses of NaCl and pH. L. monocytogenes ATCC15313 (6 log CFU/mL) was inoculated in microplate wells containing brain heart infusion (BHI) broth supplemented with oleanolic acid in various amounts (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and $4.0\;{\mu}g/mL$), and different pHs (5 and 7) and NaCl concentrations (0, 3, and 6%), followed by incubation under accelerated storage condition ($37^{\circ}C$, 48 h). The optical density (OD) of the samples was measured at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h at 600 nm. After the lag phase duration was observed at the early stage of incubation, the OD values of L. monocytogenes significantly increased (p<0.05) in BHI broth formulated with 0 and 3% of NaCl during accelerated storage at pH 5 and 7. However, the growth of L. monocytogenes in 6% NaCl and at less than $0.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ of oleanolic acid had no growth at pH 5 and only gradual growth at pH 7. Moreover, L. monocytogenes generally had lower OD values as the concentrations of oleanolic acid increased. As expected, the OD values of L. monocytogenes were generally higher (p<0.05) at pH 7 than at pH 5. These results indicate that oleanolic acid should be useful in inhibiting the growth of L. monocytogenes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.4395-4403
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• 2010

본 연구는 2000년 1월부터 2010년 3월까지 Pubmed에 게재된 논문 중, alternative medicine 으로 검색하여 근거중심 대체의학에 대한 연구 현황을 알아보고자 문헌고찰을 하였다. 682편의 연구 중 대체의학에 관한 임상연구는 19개였으며 연구전체 대상자는 2,573명이었다. 논문분석 결과 RCT(Randomized Controlled Trial) 실험 설계연구가 44%였으며 CCT(Controlled Clinical Trials)가 16%, OD(efficacy studies with either a controlled or an Other than controlled Design) 40%였다. 가장 많은 임상실험이 시행된 중재 방법은 Acupuncture과 Massage 였다. 대상 질병군 분포는 근골격계 및 결합조직의 질환과 관련된 '통증 완화'에 대한 임상연구가 20%, 다음으로 특정 감염성 및 기생충성 질환, 신생물이 각각 15% 순이었다. 근거중심 대체의학 현황을 파악하고자 문헌 고찰한 결과 대체의학을 통한 중재가 질병치료에 효과가 있는지에 대한 과학적 근거를 제시한 임상연구가 부족하다. 대체의학의 품질, 안정성, 유효성 확보를 위해 대체의학에 대한 질 높은 연구필요하며 근거중심 대체의학의 활성화가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2021

Photosynthesis and respiration rate of microalgae are important factors during advanced wastewater treatment research using microalgae, There are several equipments and measurement methods for measuring photosynthesis and respiration, with different challenges that occur during pretreatment and stabilization of the analysis process. Therefore, in this study, for accurate Photosynthesis and Respiration (P&R) analyzer measurement, the analysis process was divided into pre-processing, DO stabilization, and analysis stages and each was optimized to enable accurate evaluation. For this purpose, the effect of DO saturation of the sample on P&R analysis, DO stabilization according to the degassing flow rate, and photoinhibition of the OD level on photosynthesis was investigated. Based on our study results, when DO was supersaturated, photosynthetic efficiency decreased due to photorespiration, making it inappropriate as a P&R sample. In addition, 0.5 L-N2/min level was the optimal nitrogen degassing flow rate for DO desaturation. The inhibition of photosynthetic efficiency by self-shading caused by the increase in OD was observed from OD 2.0, and it was found that P& R analysis is preferably performed on samples with OD less than 2.0. In addition, based on the above three optimization results, an optimized P&R Analyzer instruction for accurate P&R analysis was also presented.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2023

Background: Tea tree oil has antiviral, antimicrobial and antifungal effects and Mastic oil has antifungal and anticancer effects. For synergistic effects of oils, blending oil containing a mixture of two to three oils is recommended. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effects of Tea tree oil, Mastic oil, and Blending oil containing the two oils in a mixture, to verify and suggest the potential use of these oils as a substance to prevent dental caries. Methods: Tea tree oil, Mastic oil, and Blending oil with a 1:1 blend of the two oils were diluted in liquid medium to 0% (negative control), 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%. Streptococcus mutans was applied to each experimental group of the three diluted oils and after 8 h culture, the optical density (OD) was measured and the growth inhibition rate for S. mutans was estimated. Results: Tea tree oil had significantly low OD values across all concentrations (p<0.05) without significant variation among different concentrations (p>0.05). Mastic oil did not significantly vary in OD compared to the negative control across all concentrations (p>0.05) without significant variation among different concentrations (p>0.05). Blending oil, compared to the negative control, did not significantly vary in OD at 0.5% (p>0.05) but significant variation was found as the concentration increased (p<0.05). Additionally, for Tea tree oil and Mastic oil, the growth inhibition rate showed no significant variation according to concentration (p>0.05), whereas for Blending oil, the growth inhibition rate for S. mutans showed a significant difference at 1.0% (p<0.05) and at higher concentrations. Conclusion: Blending oil containing a Tea tree oil and Mastic oil demonstrated a significant growth inhibition effect on S. mutans from the concentration of 1.0%, which suggested its potential use as an effective antibacterial agent for dental caries.