• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.425-428
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• 2002

Growth and pigment formation in Genus Monascus(M. pilosus and M purpureus) related 15 kinds of culture media(Lin medium, SP medium, YM medium, YE medium, GMIN medium, SMO medium, MY medium, GY medium, Nishikawa medium, sucrose medium, stock culture, Mizutani medium, modified Lin medium, Toya medium and rice medium) were investigated. Mizutani medium and Lin medium among 15 kinds of the culture media showed good growth for M. pilosus, M purpureus, fresh mycelium weight cultivated for 10 days at 30$^{\circ}C$ was each 24.5∼26.9 or 15.9∼17.2 g/100 mL. The culture media which showed higher content of pigment production in two fungi were Lin medium(OD: 1.2 ∼ 1.6 and Mizutani medium(OD: 0.8 ∼ 1.0) that showed higher in M. pilosus.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3191-3196
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• 2013

Ultrasonic transducer is the sensor which is measuring distance. Piezo ceramic of ultrasonic sensor and adhesive technique of matching layer are the most core techniques. With the study of relation on matching layer which takes off the ultrasonic wave into the air, this paper aims to find the second useful frequency as the results which can be changed are extracted in case piezo ceramic and matching layer are bonded. And the experiment is done with piezo ceramic as real piezoelectric element and matching layer of chemical wood. OD of piezo ceramic has designed by ${\Phi}50{\times}3T$ and OD of matching layer is designed by ${\Phi}62{\times}12t$ with ${\lambda}=1/4$. Acoustic impedance is generated at the most optimum resonant frequency of 53 Khz. As experimental result, more available frequency can be generated by using the adhesive close to solid than the flexible one.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.376-381
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• 1986

A hypothesis that Korean home-made fermented soybean products are brown-pigmented in large part by contaminated bacteria is proposed. Twenty six strains of bacteria forming brown pigments in the presence of L-tyrosine were isolated from home-made soybean paste. They were characterized and all were identified as strains of Bacillus subtilis. The isolates produced dark brown to brownish black pigmentation on yeast extract-peptone-glucose agar (YPGA) supplemented with 0.1% L-tyrosine in 72 hours but not on YPGA. They also caused different depress of lighter pigmentation on potato dextrose agar and nutrient agar. When an arbitrarily chosen pigmenting isolate was cultivated in a liquid medium supplemented with L-tyrosine, it began to produce pigments only after cell growth stopped. The tyrosinase enzyme was extracted and the enzyme activity was measured by using L-tyrosine and 3-hydroxytyrosine (L-dopa) as substrates. The crude enzyme preparation porduced pigments at rates of $2.1\;{\times}\;10^{-3}\;and\;5.0\;{\times}\;10^{-3}$ optical density units/min measured at 490㎚ for tyrosine and dopa, respectively. Possible content of L-tyrosine in a soybean paste formula was calculated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.652-653
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• 2014

This paper present a method of GRM constant generation using cell [fi] which is generated over karnaugh map. The proposed method is as following. First od all, we select the arbitrary cell over karnaugh map. Next we arithmetic operate the selected cell with single variable transformation matrix, and mapping into karnaugh map its result. Although we discuss the new GRM generation method applied to polarity circulation.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Emergency Medical Service(EMS) has become focused due to all kinds of disaster and a great number of casualties. The 119 emergency vehicles' dispatching methods are now being focused, for travel time of ambulances are the critical components in terms of saving human lives. Therefore, this study tried to rearrange 119 EMS regions more efficiently. For this study, Daejeon Metropolitan City's real call cases were analyzed. In order to rearrange the regions, OD Cost Matrix analysis was performed between 800 thousands random points and 26 departments in the Daejoen Metropolitan City. By creating Thiessen Polygon from the random points, a new region was created. As a results, average areas of the regions were reduces from 32 square kilometers to 20 square kilometers, and average time of arrivals are were also improved. Hence, if related organizations plan to rearrange EMS regions, they may utilize this study.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.169-175
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• 2006

Potentiometric biosensor using flow injection analysis system was developed to determine citrate concentration in foods. Biosensor system consisted of sample injector, peristaltic pump, enzyme reactor, carbonate ion selective solid-state electrode, reference electrode, detector, and recorder. Enzyme reactor was prepared with immobilized citrate lyase and oxaloacetate decarboxylase. Carbonate ions produced through enzyme reactions of citrate were potentiometrically detected by ion selective electrode. Optimum conditions for biosensor system were investigated. Interference effect of major sugars and organic acids was less than 5% on citrate biosensor system. Citrate concentrations in fruit juices were determined by biosensor and gas chromatography. No significant difference was observed between two analytical methods. Results indicate citrate biosensor is useful in determining citrate concentration in foods.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.79-82
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• 2017

An inky cap, Coprinus comatus synthesizes and secretes a laccase in the liquid yeast extract peptone dextrose medium. We have successfully purified the enzyme through the ion-exchange chromatography and the preparative gel electrophoresis. The estimated molecular weight was 67 kDa by the SDS-PAGE analysis. Optimum pH was pH 4.3 and optimum temperature was $25^{\circ}C$. The Km value was 0.45 mM and the Vmax was 0.0132 OD/min/unit for o-tolidine. Purified laccase showed 49.3% decolorizing activity against remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) and 41.6% decolorizing activity against Poly R-478 after 12 h incubation.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.180-183
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• 2008

This research addresses the problem of estimating Origin-Destination (O-D) trip matrices from link volume counts, a set of unobserved link volumes and information of user equilibrium flows in transportation networks. A heuristic algorithm for estimating unobserved link flows is derived, which provides volume estimates that are approximately consistent with both observed flows and an assumption of user equilibrium conditions. These estimated link volumes improve the constraints associated with the synthetic OD estimation model, providing improved solution search procedure. Model performance is tracked in terms of the root mean square errors (RMSE) in predicted travel demands, and where appropriate, predicted linked volumes. These results indicate that the new model substantially outperforms existing approaches to estimating user-equilibrium based synthetic O-D matrices.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.309-312
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• 2013

Fungal cell walls consist of various glucans and chitin. Fungi produce chitinases for their growth and development. The inky cap, Coprinellus congregatus, produces at least two different chitinases during its life cycle. Chitinase 1 (chi1) is expresses throughout its life cycle while chitinase 2 (chi2) is expressed at the mushroom autolysing phase. The cloned cDNA of chi1 is successfully expressed as a fusion protein with c-myc in Pichia pastoris, and purified by the affinity chromatography. The optimum pH and temperature of Chi1 was pH 8.0 and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively when 4-nitrophenyl N,N',N"-triacetyl-${\beta}$-D-chitotrioside was used as the substrate. The $K_m$ value and $V_{max}$ for the substrate was 0.780 mM and 0.10 OD $min^{-1}unit^{-1}$, respectively. The addition of purified Chi1 resulted in total growth inhibition against several plant pathogenic fungi such as Alternaria alternata, Fusarium graminearum and Trichoderma harzianum at the concentration of 60 ${\mu}g/ml$.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.668-683
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• 2013

In this study, we investigated the contents of total polyphenol (TP), total flavonoid, and absorbance at 475 nm ($OD_{475}$) which may produced in solid-fermented leaf of Smilax china L. by Aspergillus oryzae as a new functional components with reddish brown color, contents of water soluble substance (WSS), electron donating ability (EDA), Hunter $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ values, sensory overall acceptability (OA) and also, the inhibitory activities (XOI and AOI) against partial purified xanthine oxidase (XO) and aldehyde oxidase (AO) from rabbit liver which were well known to relate the gout, and alcoholic liver disease, respectively in order to optimize water extraction using response surface methodology (RSM). All the $R^2$ values of the second-order polymonials ranged from 0.85 to 0.98, except for the EDA (0.69) and the XOI (0.78). However, the activities of the EDA and XOI were relatively high in the lower concentration of the fermented Smilax china L. leaf. The effects on the water extraction were highest in the concentration, among the dependent variables, and showed significant differences at the 1% level in the TP, TF and WSS contents and the $a^*$, $b^*$ and $OD_{475}$ values, but the OA showed significant differences at the 5% level. The optimal values of AOI, which was the most important functionality in the Smilax china L. that was predicted via RSM, were 59.48% at the 2.19% concentration, a $90.02^{\circ}C$ extraction temperature and a 4.03 minute extraction time ($R^2$: 0.93, p<0.007). The ranges of all the dependent variables of the optimal water extraction were 1.6~1.8% for the concentration, $83{\sim}93^{\circ}C$ for the temperature and 3.4~4.4 minutes for the extraction time; and the optimal water extraction conditions were a 1.7% concentration, an $88^{\circ}C$ extraction temperature and a 3.9-min extraction time.