• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.364-371
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to estimate usage of vitamin and mineral supplements as over-the-counter (VM-OTC) drugs as well as examine factors associated with VM-OTC usage in Korean adolescents. A total of 1,407 adolescents attending middle or high school in all parts of country were included in the analysis. Prevalence of VM-OTC usage was 56.1%, and it was higher as monthly income, father's education level, and socioeconomic status of family increased (p<0.001). VM-OTC intake was higher in middle school students than in high school students as well as in rural areas or small & mediumsized city residents than big city residents (p<0.01). Subjects mainly received information on VM-OTC mainly from 'family and relatives' (46.6%), whereas only 20.3% received information from experts. Subjects took VM-OTC 'when they are healthy' (49.1%), 'when they feel sick' (17.7%), 'when they are on a diet' (17.3%), and 'when they are stressful' (15.9%). The effectiveness of taking VM-OTC were mainly 'fatigue recovery' (35.0%), 'health improvement' (30.6%), and 'nutritional status improvement' (13.2%). The most frequently used VM-OTC was vitamin C (49.1%), multi-vitamins (18.6%), multi vitamins & minerals (13.2%), and calcium (9.2%). Among VM-OTC users, only 21.9% replied that they usually check the nutrition facts when they buy products, 62.4% follow the recommended dosage, and 9.7% fully understand the nutrition labels of the products. According to logistic regression analysis, the most influential factor affecting VM-OTC use was parents' and siblings' VM-OTC consumption (p<0.001). In addition, school type (middle or high school) (p<0.01), residence (p<0.05), self-concerns about health (p<0.05), father's education level (p<0.05), and socioeconomic status of family (p<0.05) all influenced VM-OTC use. These results show that VM-OTC use is widespread among adolescents, few users actually check and fully understand the nutrition labels when they purchase VM-OTC, and they are highly dependent on unprofessional advice and information. Therefore, it is necessary to educate adolescents to help them select proper VM-OTC and read nutrition labels.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.395-400
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 한 가지 제품에 여러 기능성 원료를 복합하여 사용하고 있는 복합 건강기능식품의 실태를 파악 및 분석하고 이들 원료들 간의 상호작용에 관한 문헌조사를 토대로 복합건강기능식품의 관리 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 식약청에 품목제조신고되어 있는 database를 분석하였다. 분석대상이 되는 제품은 총 7319개의 제품 중 "복합 건강기능식품"으로 파악된 제품의 개수는 183개 제품이었으며 이들 제품 중 기능성 원료를 2개 함유하고 있는 제품은 총 177제품, 3가지 이상의 기능성 원료를 함유하고 있는 제품은 모두 6개 제품이 있다. 183개 복합건강기능식품에 기능성 원료로 사용되고 있는 원료들을 순위별로 나열하면 가장 많이 사용되는 기능성 원료가 가르시니아캄보지아로서 41개 제품에서 기능성 원료로 사용되었으며 "옥타코사놀"과 "쏘팔메토열매추출물"이 가장 많은 빈도로 제조되고 있었다. 복합건강기능식품에 사용되고 있는 원료들의 pair를 사용하여 안전성 정보를 검색한 결과 현재 복합 사용되고 있는 건강기능식품에서의 안전성 우려사항은 아직까지 보고된 바 없는 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 복합 건강기능식품의 섭취에 대한 안전선 우려는 여전히 남아있는 상태이므로 이를관리하기 위해서는 부작용에 대한 조기 시그날을 감지하기 위한 부작용 모니터링 제도를 강화할 필요가 있을 것이다. 최근에 개정된 건강기능식품법 시행규칙의 원활한 시행을 통해 복합 건강기능식품의 안전관리를 강화할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 1980

역류 추출 및 등전 침전에 의한 평지씨 단백질의 분리(한국 식품 과학 회지, 10(2), 162 (1978)에 이어 그들의 영양가(단백질 효율, 정미 단백질 이용율, 질소 소화율, 성장률, 아미노산 조성 및 기관 중량)를 실험하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 각 등전점(pI, 6.7, 5.6, 5.0)에서 분리한 3가지 단백질의 PER는 각각 2.8, 3.1 및 2.9였고 평지씨 박(탈지박)의 PER는 2.5로 낮았으며 한편 3가지 단백질의 NPU(전미 단백질 효율)은 각각 68.73 및 71%였고 탈지 평지씨 박은 56%로 제일 낮았다. 분리된 3가지 단백질의 평균 질소화율은 85%, 사료 섭취량은 87 g 그리고 체중 증가량은 37.6 g 였으며 이에 반하여 탈지 평지씨박의 그것들은 각각 71%, 77 g 및 28 g 등으로 현저한 차이를 보였다. PER의 값에 관한 분리된 3가지 단백질 간에는 큰 차가 없었고 이들의 NPU 값과 카제인의 NPU 값은 서로 비견할 수 있었으며 특히 등전점 5.6에서 분리한 단백질은 가제인의 PER값이나 NPU 값에 비해 약간 높은 값을 보였으며 아미노산 조성에서도 필수 아미노산이 고루 함유된 우수한 단백질로 나타났다. 또한 갑상선 및 간장의 무게 증가는 나타나지 않았으며 성장저해 인자가 전연 없었다. 분리된 3가지 단백질 중의 아미노산은 FAO/WHO의 성인 요구량에 비해 평형을 나타냈거나 상회하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.94-102
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• 1991

This study was directed to further clarify the effect of resting time or dietary condition for the improvement of exercise capacity and physical fitness, and the changes of some body consitiuents and physiological functions which are related to the exercise metabolism. Sixteen male students(8 athletes and 8 nonathletes)were participated during 3 weeks(Aug. 20-Sep.9, 1989). Each subject performed two treadmill running trials at an absolute intensity (1 mintute in 3.4mph/15% slope and 2 minutes in 5.5mph/20% slope). In the resting time trials, general diet was fed before 1, 2, 4 and 12 hours of the treadmill exercise loaded. in the dietary condition trials, high carbohydrate(HC), high fat(HF) and high protein(HP) diet were fed before 2 hours of the treadmill exercise loaded. Control trial was that of resting time before treadmill exercise loaded after 12 hours of general diet feeding. Measurement were made to study the change of blood glucose, palmitate, lactate, blood pressure and heart rate. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Mean daily metabolizable period. In resting time trial, the blood glucose concentration of athlete and nonathlete from 2 hours group was similar to control group. The blood palmitate concentration of athlete was increased in 1 and 2 hours group but those of nonathlete was not only increased in 1 and2 hours group but was more increased in 12 hours group, compared with both control group. The blood lactate concentration was increased in all experimental group, compared with both control group and those of nonathlete was much higher than athlets. The elevation rate of blood pressure in pre-and after-exercise of athlete was lower than those of nonathlete. In dietary composition trial, the blood glucose concentration of athlete and nonathlete in HC group was higher than other diet groups. The blood lactate concentration of athlete and nonathlete in HC group was lower than other diet groups. There was no remarkable change of the blood palmitate concentration and heart rate in each dietary composition trial, but those of nonathlete was low in HC and high in HP group. In above results, it was suggested that the effective condition of resting time and dietary composition for the improvement of exercise capacity of nonathlete may be 2 hours and HC diet, respectively. But it was showed that the exercise capacity of athlete may not be affected by experimental condition of resting time, except 1 hour after feeding or of dietary composition because of well adaptation in new exercise condition.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.369-378
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• 2019

본 연구는 원심분리형, 외기어 방식 그리고 쌍기어 방식과 같은 착즙 방법에 따른 당근 주스의 품질 특성을 비교하기 위해 수행되었다. 신선한 주스의 품질은 착즙률, 영양성분 및 층 분리 안정성을 통해 평가되었다. 쌍기어 착즙 방식은 가장 높은 착즙률을 보였다. 게다가 당근 주스의 미네랄 함량은 쌍기어 착즙방식으로 제조된 당근 주스에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 특히 유일하게 쌍기어 방식의 착즙이 100 g의 당근으로부터 1일 권장 섭취량 이상의 ${\beta}$-carotene이 얻어졌다. 더욱이 당근 주스의 입자 크기가 가장 작게 나타난 것은 쌍기어 방식의 착즙이었고 다음으로 외기어 방식과 원심분리형으로 나타났다. 따라서 쌍기어 방식의 착즙을 최적의 방법으로 선정하고, 이를 이용해 당근 주스의 항산화 활성 및 대사 활성 변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 당근 주스는 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol 보다 더 높은 지질과산화 저해율을 보였으며, 위장과 소장 소화를 거치면서 angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE) 저해 활성이 증가되었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.18-33
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• 2022

Beef contains functional fatty acids such as conjugated linoleic acid and longchain fatty acids. This review summarizes results from studies comparing the fatty acid composition of beef from cattle fed either grass or grain-based feed. Since functional lipid components are contributed through dietary consumption of beef, the fatty acid composition is reported on mg/100 g of meat basis rather than on a percentage of total fat basis. Beef from grass-fed contains lesser total fat than that from grain-fed in all breeds of cattle. Reduced total fat content also influences the fatty acid composition of beef. A 100 g beef meat from grass-fed cattle contained 2,773 mg less total saturated fatty acids (SFA) than that from the same amount of grain-fed. Grass-fed also showed a more favorable SFA lipid profile containing less cholesterol-raising fatty acids (C12:0 to C16:0) but contained a lesser amount of cholesterol-lowering C18:0 than grain-fed beef. In terms of essential fatty acids, grass-fed beef showed greater levels of trans-vaccenic acid and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; EPA, DPA, DHA) than grain-fed beef. Grass-fed beef also contains an increased level of total n-3 PUFA which reduced the n-6 to n-3 ratio thus can offer more health benefits than grain-fed. The findings signify that grass-fed beef could exert protective effects against a number of diseases ranging from cancer to cardiovascular disease (CVD) as evidenced by the increased functional omega-3 PUFA and decreased undesirable SFA. Although grain-fed beef showed lesser EPA, DPA, and DHA, consumers should be aware that greater portions of grain-fed beef could also achieve a similar dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. Noteworthy, grain-fed beef contained higher total monounsaturated fatty acid that have beneficial roles in the amelioration of CVD risks than grass-fed beef. In Hanwoo beef, grain-fed showed higher EPA and DHA than grass-fed beef.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.217-230
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• 2023

본 연구는 성인영양지수 조사지를 바탕으로 북한이탈주민의 전반적인 식사의 질을 평가하고자 진행되었다. 특히 연령대별 식품 섭취 빈도와 식습관 및 식행동, 영양 지수의 차이를 분석하였다. 대상자는 서울 및 경기 일부 지역의 만 19-64세 성인 166명을 대상으로 진행되었으며 각 연령대별로 20대 41명, 30대 41명, 40대 41명, 50대이상 43명으로 연령대를 평준화하였다. 연령대가 낮을수록 라면, 패스트푸드, 과자 (초콜릿, 사탕 포함), 달거나 기름진 빵 (케이크, 도넛, 단팥빵 등), 가당 음료 등 고에너지 식품 섭취 빈도와 외식, 야식 섭취 비율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 20대 연령대에서 총점 NQ, 절제 영역 총 점수가 낮고 등급은 '하'로 판정된 비율이 높았다. 50대 연령대에서 절제영역의 점수가 높게 나타난 원인은 라면, 패스트푸드, 과자, 달거나 기름진 빵, 가당 음료 등과 같은 고에너지 식품 섭취 빈도도 낮기 때문인데, 이는 이 집단이 절제력있는 식사를 하고 있는 것으로 비춰질 수도 있으나 중년층에서 패스트푸드, 라면과 같은 식품의 기호도가 낮아 아예 섭취 고려 대상이 아니라는 점에 주목해야 한다. 본 연구에서 주목해야 할 점은 연령이 낮을수록 식사의 질이 매우 열악하게 나타나 식사의 질 개선을 위한 맞춤형 영양 교육 프로그램 개발 및 보급의 필요성을 시사한다. 이에 본 연구의 결과와 시사점이 북한이탈주민의 건강 증진을 위한 영양 교육과 이를 위한 정책 마련의 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2023

Background: Pressure injuries are localized areas of damage to the skin and/or underlying tissue, usually over a bony prominence due to pressure. Cerebrovascular disease increases the risk of pressure injuries due to the immobility caused by physical paralysis. The general approach to managing a patient with pressure injuries should include pain relief, the treatment of the infection, optimizing nutritional intake, proper positioning, and contamination prevention. Nonetheless, the duration of treatment for pressure injuries varies from person to person. Case report: An 80-year-old female intracerebral hemorrhage patient developed a pressure injury. To improve the injury faster, a Radix Astragali pharmacoacupuncture solution was applied to the pressure sore. The pressure injury's width, length, and depth was assessed using a ruler, and the exudate amount and tissue types were assessed. The treatment was performed for 35 days. The rate at which the size of the pressure sore lessened increased since the Radix Astragali pharmacoacupuncture solution was applied to the pressure sore. In addition, the tissue type of the pressure injury improved, and the exudates decreased. There was no significant difference in the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing Tool 3.0, since the Radix Astragali pharmacoacupuncture solution was applied to the pressure injury. Conclusion: This clinical case study suggests that the Radix Astragali pharmacoacupuncture solution might be effective in speeding up the healing of pressure injuries.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.285-295
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare the awareness of dietary patterns and health of full-time and employed housewives. The investigation gathered information on general characteristics, dietary lifestyle, nutritional status, and health by questionnaire as well as anthropometric measurements. The subjects included housewives living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province (86 full-time and 127 working housewives) during November 2009 to January 2010. The average age, height, and weight of the housewives were $45.8{\pm}7.6\;yr$, $161.0{\pm}8.4\;cm$, and $55.7{\pm}6.3\;kg$, respectively. The average monthly income of the households was 3 million to 5 million won (31.4% full-time and 37.0% working housewives), and their average food expense was 200,000 to 500,000 won (46.5% full-time and 48.1% working housewives). More than 90% of the studied homes were nuclear families and the most common number of children was 2 to 3 (79.1% full-time and 76.4% working housewives). The ratio of employed housewives who ate regular meals was 35.4%, but that of the full-time housewives was 48.2% (p<0.05). Of the working housewives, 7.1% never ate breakfast and the primary reason for skipping breakfast was 'busy in the morning' (61.1%). The type of food that the housewives preferred when eating out was Korean food, both for the full-time and employed housewives (76.0%). All the housewives overate calories and the full-time housewives ate more protein, fat, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, niacin, vitamin C, vitamin E, folic acid, and cholesterol than the employed housewives (p<0.05). Both the full-time and employed housewives were more satisfied with supper than with other meals. About 30.6% of the full-time and 33.9% of the working housewives had no interest in health, but answered that regular exercise was very important for health (33.3% full-time and 39.7% working housewives). In conclusion, working housewives have poor dietary habits and nutrient intakes, thus substantial measures to improve these problems are urgently needed.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1709-1717
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• 2023

Objective: A pivotal study was designed to investigate the effect of Hydroxy (HYC) Cu, Zn, and Mn on egg quality and laying performance of chickens under tropical conditions. Methods: A total of 1,260 Babcock White laying hens (20-wk-old) were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments with 15 replicates of 21 hens each in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The birds were reared for 16 weeks and were fed the corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with one of the following mineral treatments: T1, inorganic (INO, 15 ppm CuSO4, 80ppm MnSO4 and 80 ppm ZnO); T2, Hydroxy-nutritional level (HYC-Nut, 15 ppm Cu, 80 ppm Mn, 80 ppm Zn from Hydroxy); T3, Hydroxy-Low (HYC-Low, 15 ppm Cu, 60 ppm Mn, 60 ppm Zn from Hydroxy); T4, Hydroxy plus inorganic (HYC+INO, 7.5 ppm HYC Cu+7.5 ppm CuSO4, 40 ppm HYC ZnO+40 ppm ZnSO4, 40 ppm HYC Mn+40 ppm MnSO4). The egg production was recorded daily, while the feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and egg mass were determined at the end of each laying period. The egg quality parameters were assayed in eggs collected over 48 h in each laying period. Results: Overall, no significant effect of treatments was observed on percent egg production, egg weight and FCR (p>0.05). Feed intake was significantly lower in birds fed Hydroxy plus inorganic (p<0.05) diet. The supplementation of HYC-Low significantly increased the egg mass compared to the other treatments (p<0.05). HYC supplementation alone or in combination with INO elicited a positive effect on shell thickness, shell weight, shell weight per unit surface area, yolk colour, albumen and yolk index for a certain period (p<0.05), but not throughout the whole laying period. Conclusion: Dietary supplementation of HYC-Low (15-60-60 mg/kg) showed similar effects on production performance and egg quality characteristics in laying hens as compared to 15-80-80 mg/kg of Cu-Zn-Mn from inorganic sources. This indicates that sulphate based inorganic trace minerals can effectively be substituted by lower concentration of hydroxyl minerals.