• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.506-520
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• 2022

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) has a beneficial effect on the prevention of arteriosclerosis in healthy adults. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between PA measured using an accelerometer and arterial stiffness in healthy Korean adults. Methods: This study involved 87 subjects (36.8% women) aged 20-64 years. PA was evaluated using an accelerometer (wGT3X-BT, ActiGraph, Florida, USA) for 7 days. Based on the results of the accelerometer measurement, subjects were classified into active and inactive groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO) PA guidelines. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) to assess arterial stiffness were measured by a non-invasive vascular screening device (VP-1000 Plus, Omron). Results: The average age of the study subjects was 47.7 ± 11.3 years and the WHO PA guideline achievement rate was 29.9%. There was no significant difference in arterial stiffness (baPWV and ABI) between the active and inactive groups. In females, the time spent in light PA were positively correlated with ABI (r = 0.396; p < 0.05) and the number of sedentary bouts over 50 minutes was inversely correlated with ABI (r = -0.402; p < 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between PA and arterial stiffness in males. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that light PA and sedentary behavior have a positive correlation with arterial stiffness in females.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1008-1013
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• 1994

To develope naatural food preservatives, ethanol and water extracts were prepared from the leaf mustard (Brassica juncea Coss.) and antimicrobial activities were examined against 15 microorganisms which were food borne pathogens and/or food poisioning microorganisms and food-related bacteria and yeasts. Ethanol extract exhibited anitmicrobial activities for the microorganism tested, especially, minimum inhibitory concnetrations exhibited antimicrobial activities for the microorganism tested, especially, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus natto were as low as 10mg/ml. MIC of water extract was 40-60mg/ml for bacteria and yeast. The ethanol extract showed the antimicrobial activity by 3~6 times higher than the water extract. Antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract was not destroyed by the heating at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min and not affected by pH.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.842-849
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to determine the possibility of using Agarum cribrosum as a natural health food source. To accomplish this purpose, the contents of the general and antioxidant activities of Agarum cribrosum were measured. The contents of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid and ash were 45.4%, 15.0%, 2.3% and 33.1%. The calories of Agarum cribrosum were 262.3 kcal and total dietary fiber of Agarum cribrosum was 34.0%. The protein contained a total of 18 different kinds of amino acids. The content of amino acids was 12,402.42 mg/100 g. The K was the largest mineral followed by Ca, Na and Mg, implying that Agarum cribrosum is an alkali material. The antioxidant activity of Agarum cribrosum was assessed by various radical scavenging assays using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power), reducing power, and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)). All antioxidant activity of Agarum cribrosum extract increased the concentration of the dependents. Total phenolic contents of Agarum cribrosum extract were $34.1{\pm}2.56mg/g$, and total flavonoids contents were estimated at $4.9{\pm}0.26mg/g$. General nutrients and other antioxidant bioactive materials in Agarum cribrosum were also potential materials for good health food. It is expected that a follow-up study of Agarum cribrosum through developing processed food and evaluation of their functional properties would provide useful information or sources of functional foods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.236-241
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• 1997

Inhibitory effects of several edible plant extracts against 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, were screened. Inhibition rates of $10{\sim}15%$ were observed with hot water extracts of Allium fistulosum, Allium sativum and Cucurbita maxima. Methanol extracts of Aster scaber, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Oenanthe javanica and Angelica keiskei effectively reduced the enzyme activity with inhibition rates of $29{\sim}51%$. The methanol extract of Angelica keiskei was fractionated sequentially with chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Of the fractions ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest inhibition against the enzyme. $Luteolin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucoside$ and hyperoside isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Angelica keiskei inhibited the enzyme activity by 65.5% and 14.8%, respectively, at the concentration of $30{\mu}M$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.328-333
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• 2014

Folate is a water-soluble vitamin B that is required for the synthesis of amino acids and nucleic acids. It plays an important role in cell division and cell growth in several living organisms. The purpose of this study was to screen strong folate-synthesizing bacteria and to optimize their culture conditions for folate production. Folate production was quantified by microbiological assays by using folate-dependent strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus KCTC 3237. Folate derivatives were identified by LC-MS/MS. Of the 65 strains of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli tested, L. plantarum Fol 708 demonstrated the greatest ability to produce folate. Its optimal pH for folate production was 5.5 in a pH-controlled, lab-scale fermenter. Coculturing L. plantarum Fol 708 with L. brevis GABA 100 in a milk medium enhanced the level of folate produced in comparison to culturing L. plantarum Fol 708 alone.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.727-749
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• 2016

This systematic review was performed to investigate relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults. Studies which reported prevalence rates of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults, relationships between sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction, or effective interventions in alleviated symptoms of sarcopenia were selected. Of 43 studies reviewed, prevalence rate of sarcopenia ranged from 2.5-42.4% in 25 studies, and 4 studies revealed a significantly positive correlation between sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction. Among 12 randomized-control trials (RCTs), exercise intervention was used in 2 studies; nutrition intervention in 6; and 4 studies included both the exercise and nutrition interventions. All interventional studies reported positive effects on muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical function. However, only 6 studies met the high quality criteria of Risk of Bias, and there was no study which evaluated cognitive function as an outcome measure. Therefore, this study draws attention to the lack of high-quality RCTs and exclusion of cognitive function as an outcome measure in the research of sarcopenia. A comprehensive and sustained system including standardized sarcopenia screening, assessments of cognitive functioning, and evidence-based intervention programs is needed in order to prevent and manage sarcopenia amongst older adults in the community.

• Journal of Society of Occupational Therapy for the Aged and Dementia
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.19-28
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• 2018

Objective : The aim of current investigation was to standardize the grip strength of elders and to examine the correlation between grip strength, anthropometric parameters, depression and quality of life. Method : The researchers used Korea national health and nutrition examination surveys (2016) for analysis and analyzed the data of 919 elders who had completed the screening test among right-handed elderly without activity limitation. The researchers classified the age of the elders as 65~69, 70~74, 75~79, and 80 years old for standardization of grip strength. Anthropometric parameters are height, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference. Depression was measured by PHQ-9(Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and quality of life was assessed by EQ-5D. Result : The ratio of right handedness of the elderly was 87.8%, left handed 4.9%, and both handles 5.7%. In the standardization and correlation analysis, the grip strength decreased with age (p<.01, r=-.308~-.305). The grip strength showed a strong correlation with height (p<.001, r=.747~.741). There was a significant correlation between depression (p<.01, r=-.172~-.163) and quality of life (p<.01, r=.285~.267). Conclusion : The findings of this investigation suggest that height, depression, and quality of life need to be considered when assessing the level of grip strength in the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.389-400
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• 2019

In this study we compared the cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening: MMSE-DS) and nutrient intake of elderly women with dementia in a long-term care facility (EW-LCF) and a day-time care facility (EW-DCF). This survey was conducted from July 2015 to May 2017 on 73 elderly women with dementia (47 women in LCF and 26 women in DCF) in the city of Incheon. The data obtained from interviews with the subjects and caregivers were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0. The total score of the MMSE-DS and intakes of most nutrients in the EW-LCF were significantly lower compared to the EW-DCF (p<0.05). The nutrient adequacy ratios (NAR) of protein, vitamin A, C, $B_6$, $B_{12}$, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, calcium and phosphorus in the EW-LCF were significantly lower compared to the EW-DCF (p<0.05). However, the indexes of nutritional quality (INQ) of vitamin C, $B_6$, thiamine, niacin, calcium, magnesium, and iron in the EW-LCF were significantly higher compared to the EW-DCF (p<0.05). As a result, the subjects showed an unbalanced and insufficient nutrition intake status regardless of the type of care facility. Most nutrient intakes of the EW-LCF with lower cognitive function were very significantly lower compared to the EW-DCF (p<0.001). Therefore, it is necessary to assess the cognitive function and nutritional status regularly at care facilities for the elderly women suffering with dementia and to provide specialized individual nutritional management.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.435-450
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• 2024

Purpose: This study developed the evaluation components and criteria for the Korean Healthy Diet (KHD) and assessed the current compliance of Koreans. Methods: The study reviewed domestic and international dietary guidelines and literature and conducted an online survey of 514 Korean adults to understand their nutritional perceptions, specifically the perceived importance of health and incorporation into usual diet. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used to investigate food and nutrient intake patterns and examine the relationship between intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Based on these data, the components and criteria for a KHD were established by sex and age, and adherence was assessed. Results: The KHD evaluation included 13 dietary components: carbohydrates, sugar, fiber, protein, total fat, saturated fat, sodium, calcium, mixed grains, meat·fish·eggs·beans, vegetables, fruits, and dairy products. Applying the selected components and criteria to data from the KNHANES (2019-2021), the average KHD adherence score for Korean adults was 5.465 ± 0.023 out of a maximum score of 13. The score significantly increased with age (4.766 ± 0.044 for 19-29 years; 5.276±0.032 for 30-49 years; 6.109 ± 0.033 for 50-64 years), and women (5.642 ± 0.028) had higher scores than men (5.284 ± 0.030) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the total score significantly differed between those with MetS (5.518 ± 0.045) and those without (5.568 ± 0.026) after adjusted for sex and age (p < 0.05). When scoring the dietary components, sugar (0.852 ± 0.004) and proteins (0.881 ± 0.004) scored relatively higher in the association with MetS, whereas calcium (0.148 ± 0.004) and mixed grains (0.225 ± 0.005) scored relatively lower. Conclusions: The KHD evaluation criteria could be used as a tool for screening and monitoring the overall diet quality of Koreans.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.164-171
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• 2010

Purpose: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common nutritional problems, despite a recent improvement of nutritional status of infants and children. We assessed the risk factors for IDA in infants and vitamin D deficiency and IDA by nutrition analysis. Methods: We analyzed blood tests and evaluated 103 children with IDA and 123 children without IDA, 6-36 months of age, who were cared for in our hospital between March 2006 and July 2010. Nutritional analysis using Canpro was performed among breastfed infants 6~12 months of age who had been diagnosed with IDA and had detailed diet histories. Results: Breastfed infants accounted for 87.4% and 40.7% of the IDA and comparison groups, respectively. The IDA and comparison groups began weaning food at 6.4${\pm}$1.8 and 5.9${\pm}$1.3 months, respectively. In the IDA and comparison groups, 46.4% and 53.5% began to adapt to weaning food within 4 weeks, respectively. The most common reason for hospital care of the IDA group was respiratory symptoms constituting 36.2%. Only 18.6% visited the hospital for palloror anemia. The Canpro analysis, performed on 11 infants with IDA, showed that iron and vitamin D were <40% and 30% of recommended intakes, respectively. Conclusion: Weaning food should be started 4~6 months of age in breastfed infants. In infants at high risk for IDA and vitamin D deficiency, screening tests should be recommended. The high-risk infants may require iron, vitamin D fortified formula, or oral supplements.