• 생태와환경
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.422-431
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• 2009

This study was to provide basic data for aquatic ecosystem research using fishes. Field sampling was carried out at five selected sites of Gap Stream, and fish samples, especially for a selection of sentinel species were collected three times in June, September, and October 2007. We analyzed total length distribution of Zacco platypus in relation with the season and the sampling sites, and then compared with total body weight, condition factor (K), and age distribution of the fish. The fish population data were compared with physico-chemical water quality, obtained from the Ministry of Environment, Korea. Water quality analysis showed a significant nutrient enrichment, based on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), and organic matter pollution, based on biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the Site 5, which is directly influenced by wastewater disposal plant (WDP). Population analysis of the sentinel species showed that the total number of individuals, age distribution, and the population size-structure were influenced by the effluents from the WDP, and that reproductive failure of young-age population were evident in Site 5. According to the relation analysis of total weight to K, the disturbed population was mainly attributed to combined effects of habitat modifications and chemical degradations. Regression analysis of K values against water quality parameters showed significant (p<0.05) positive relations with nutrient and organic matter contents. Our data suggest that the population structure using a sentinel fish species reflected the ambient water quality in the stream and that diagnosis of aquatic ecosystem health using Z. platypus population may be practical for water resource and ecosystem conservations.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2017

Analysis of mineral nutrients in plant is required for evaluating diagnosis of plant nutritional status. Pretreatment procedure for the analysis of plant can be varied depending on elements to be analyzed. Wet-digestion is suitable for total nitrogen, phosphate and cations, however, digestion solution including nitric acid is not suitable for nitrogen analysis. Incineration procedure is required to analyze chloride, silicate and total sulfur. After digestion, total nitrogen is analyzed by Kjeldahl method, and phosphate is detected at 470nm by colorimetric analysis with ammonium meta vanadate. Cations and micro elements are determined by titration or colorimetry, also, these elements can be measured by Atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) or Inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.763-770
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• 2002

This study was carried out to see dietary intakes of patients with coronary heart disease since we don't understand their dietary patterns even though the mortality and prevalence rate of coronary hear disease are increasing in this country. We studied 75 coronary heart disease patients and 150 randomly selected controls, matched for age, sex, height and weight, in a population based study. All subjects completed a questionnaire that included disease history, diagnosis time, current treatment, etc., a 24 hour dietary recall, and measurement of height and weight. Compared to controls, patients had less likely to drink alcohol and smoke cigarette (p＜0.05). The energy intake of patients was significantly lower than that of controls, but the intakes of fiber, $\beta$-carotene, sodium, folate, vitamin C, potassium in male patients and those of vitamin C and sodium in female patients were significantly higher than those of controls (p＜0.05). Mean adequacy ratio and dietary variety score of patients were also higher than those of controls (p＜0.05). Patient group's consumed less cereals than controls, but more vegetables, milk products, and nuts in male patients and fruits, beans and seasonings in female patients compared to controls'. There were not significant differences of lipid compositions between two groups, except linolenic acid. These data suggest that patients with coronary heart disease in Korea had better dietary nutrient intakes compared to healthy controls, which might be helpful to prevent recurrence of coronary heart disease.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.283-296
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• 2012

As a disease that reduces quality of life, functional dyspepsia (FD) is associated with foods that may worsen its symptoms or cause it. The purpose of this study was to examine the nutritional status and dietary behaviors of FD patients. We investigated food intake, food intake frequency, and dietary habits of 45 FD subjects according to the Rome III Diagnosis Criteria. Average age and body mass index (BMI) were 47.7 years and $22.6kg/m^2$ (males: $23.4kg/m^2$, females: $22.1kg/m^2$), respectively. Average energy intake was 77% of Korean Dietary Reference Intake (KDRI), and it was less than that of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES). Other nutrient intake levels were similar to the KNHANES. Energy intake proportion of carbohydrates : protein : fat was 56 : 18 : 26, and the ratio of fat intake was higher than that of the KNHANES. Beans, laver, tomato, and yogurt were consumed very frequently. In the results of meal regularity, dietary behaviors and composition of diet were relatively good. It is likely that the patient controlled their diet by eating cautiously and by reducing alcohol drinking and smoking. Our results indicate that FD patients' nutritional status by consumption of nutrients was at a level of normal healthy people and that dietary habits were better than normal adults. However, their fat intake levels were somewhat higher than normal people. Therefore, further research is required to identify the relationship between dietary intakes and FD.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.510-517
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• 2008

본 연구는 대사증후군 유병률을 조사하고, 대사증후군 대상자들의 영양소 섭취의 특성과 성별과 연령별에 따른 영양소 섭취의 차이를 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 1) 대사증후군 유병률은 남자 17%, 여자 4.5%로 전체 평균 10.3%를 나타냈다. 2) 조사대상자의 평균 연령은 정상군 39.0세, 대사증후군 42.8세였으며, BMI는 정상군 22.5 $kg/m^2$보다 대사증후군 대상자등이 27.5 $kg/m^2$로 대사증후군이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 혈당, 중성지방, 이완기 혈압에서 정상군보다 대사증후군 대상자들이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 3) 영양소 섭취에서 열량은 정상군 1,699.5 kcal보다 대사증후군 대상자들이 2,047.1 kcal로 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.001), 동물성지방(p<0.01), 콜레스테롤(p<0.001), 나트륨(p<0.05)의 섭취도 유의적으로 높은 섭취량을 나타냈다. 4) 성별에 따라서 대사증후군 대상자들의 영양소 섭취의 특성은 남녀 모두 정상군보다 대사증후군대상자들의 열량섭취가 높았다. 남자는 지방(p<0.05), 콜레스테롤(p<0.01)에서, 여자는 탄수화물(p<0.05), 단백질(p<0.05)에서 정상군보다 대사증후군 대상자들이 높은 섭취량을 나타냈다. 5) 연령별에 따라서 대사증후군 대상자들의 영양소 섭취의 특성을 살펴보면 30대는 열량, 동물성지방, 콜레스테롤에서, 40대는 지방과 콜레스테롤에서, 50대는 열량, 탄수화물, 식물성지방에서 정상군보다 대사증후군 대상자들이 유의적으로 높은 섭취량을 나타냈다. 본 연구 결과 전체대상자의 영양소 섭취 특성은 총열량, 동물성지방, 콜레스테롤, 나트륨에서 정상군보다 대사증후군 대상자들이 유의적으로 높은 섭취량을 나타냈다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.158-163
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• 2008

시설재배 수박에 대한 적정 양분함량 기준을 설정하기 위하여 2004년부터 2006년까지 고창에서 시설수박의 엽 중 무기양분함량과 수량을 조사하였다. 그 결과 3년간 조사한 수박 재배 농가 포장을 대상으로 생육단계별 적정 양분함량 범위를 설정하였다. 수박 수량과 생육단계별 엽 중 무기양분함량은 정식후 20일이 가장 유의성 있는 상관을 보였으며 이 때 엽 중 다량원소 적정 함량 범위는 N 5.0~6.3%, P 0.30~0.57%, K 3.5~4.2%, Ca 1.7~3.8%, Mg 0.20~0.42% 이었다. Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu 및 B 등의 미량원소 적정함량 범위는 Fe $96\sim128mg\;kg^{-1}$, Mn $67\sim201mg\;kg^{-1}$, Zn $40\sim60mg\;kg^{-1}$, Cu $6\sim9mg\;kg^{-1}$ 및 B $41{\sim}82mg\;kg^{-1}$ 이었고, 적정 양분함량 범위로 설정한 값의 하한치를 양분 결핍, 상한치를 양분 과잉으로 판단했다. 본 시험연구결과 제시한 수박의 생육단계별 적정 양분함량 범위 기준은 농업현장에서 빈번히 발생하는 수박의 영양장애를 해결하기 위한 양분지표로 사용할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.471-475
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• 2007

시설재배 멜론에 대한 적정 양분함량 기준을 설정하기 위하여 2004년부터 2006년까지 나주에서 하우스 멜론의 수량 및 잎 중 무기양분함량을 조사하였다. 그 결과 3년간 조사한 멜론 재배 농가 포장을 대상으로 생육단계별 적정 양분함량 범위를 설정하였다. 멜론수량과 관련하여 생육단계별 잎 중 무기양분함량은 정식 후 25일이 가장 유의성 있는 상관을 보였으며 이 때 잎 중 다량원소 적정 범위는 N 3.4~4.8%, P 0.4~0.7%, K 3.4~5.1%, Ca 2.7~4.1%, Mg 0.6~0.8% 이었다. Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu 및 B 등의 미량원소 적정함량 범위는 Fe 102~164, Mn 52~116, Zn 28~98, Cu 7~15 및 B $36{\sim}72mg\;kg^{-1}$ 이었다. 여기에 제시한 멜론의 생육단계별 적정 양분함량 범위 기준은 농업현장에서 빈번히 발생하는 멜론의 영양장애를 해결하기위한 양분지표로 사용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.87-101
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• 2023

The constituents of a watershed control a wide range of ecosystem processes, such as, carbon sequestration, nutrient retention, and biodiversity preservation. Maintenance of a healthy watershed is advantageous to humans in many direct and indirect ways. Dissolved organic matter fluorescence analysis is one of the most commonly utilized parameters for water quality measurement, pollution source tracking, and determination of the ecological state of a watershed. Throughout the recent decades, the advancement in data processing, instrumentation, and methods has resulted in many improvements in the area of watershed study with fluorescence analysis. The current trend of coupling advanced instrumentations and new comparative parameters, such as, microplastics of different types, antibiotics, and specific bacterial contaminants have been reported in watershed studies. However, conventional methodologies for obtaining fluorescence excitation emission matrices and for calculating the fluorescence and spectral indices are preferred to advanced methods, due to their easiness and simple data collection. This review aims to gain a general understanding of the use of dissolved organic matter fluorescence analysis for diagnosis and source identification of watershed pollutions, by focusing on how the studies have utilized fluorescence analysis to improve existing knowledge and techniques in recent years.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권1호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2010

비료주기는 묘목의 생산성과 품질을 향상시키는 방법으로 이용되어 왔다. 이 연구의 목적은 경제림 육성 수종인 물푸레나무, 들메나무, 잣나무, 전나무를 대상으로 포지에서 질소, 인, 칼륨 비료주기가 묘목의 생장과 양분변화에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 측정하는 것이다. 비료주기에 대한 생장반응과 양분 동태를 각각 품질지수(Dickson's quality index, QI)와 양분벡터분석(Vector diagnosis)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 물푸레나무와 들메나무는 질소 비료 처리구에서 가장 높은 수고와 근원경 생장을 보였으며, 잣나무의 경우 질소 비료 처리구에서 수고 생장이 약간 감소했고, 전나무는 비료주기 효과가 없었다. 물푸레나무의 QI는 질소 비료 처리구에서 가장 높았고 칼륨 비료 처리구에서 가장 낮았다. 들메나무의 QI도 질소 비료 처리구에서 가장 높았고 대조구에서 가장 낮았다. 잣나무와 전나무의 QI는 비료주기 처리 간에 유의한 차이는 없었지만 인 비료 처리구에서 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. 질소 비료주기는 대조구에 비하여 물푸레나무, 들메나무, 잣나무, 전나무의 건중량을 각각 43, 41, 26, -9% 증가시켰고, 인 비료주기는 -2, 4, -11, -10% 증가시켰으며, 칼륨 비료주기는 -25, 23, 18, -11% 증가시켰다. 비료주기에 대한 양분벡터반응은 수종과 양분종류에 따라 상이한 경향이 나타났다. 예를 들면 물푸레나무의 경우 질소 비료주기에 대해 양분 N은 농도 변화 없이 양분함량이 증가하는 "양분최적" 상태를 보이고, 양분 P는 농도와 양분함량이 모두 감소하고, 양분 K는 농도 변화 없이 양분함량만 감소했다. 잣나무의 경우 질소 비료주기에 대해 양분 N, P, K 농도는 감소하고 양분함량은 증가하는 "양분희석" 현상이 나타났으며, 인 비료주기는 양분 N, P, K 농도 변화 없이 양분 함량이 감소하는 "과량집적" 현상이 나타났다. 묘목 생산 단계에서 우량한 것으로 판정된 묘목이 산지에서도 높은 적응성을 보이는지에 대한 연구가 향후 필요하지만, 물푸레나무와 들메나무의 경우 질소 비료주기 처리에서 높은 산지 적응성을 보일 것으로 예상된다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.294-303
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• 2011

1. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to develop the algorithm, which can help clinicians diagnose Soyangin's symptomatology, based on the indexes for energy and fluid and those for nutrient material. 2. Methods: The items of "Donguisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" were analysed to figure out the inevitable and sequential indexes of Soyangin's symptomatology diagnosis, in order of exterior-interior pattern differentiation, favorable-unfavorable pattern differentiation, and mild-severe-dangerous-urgent pattern differentiation. 3. Results and Conclusions: 1) 1st step: Soyangin's exterior pattern and interior pattern are differentiated in terms of heat and cold, respectively. Aversion to cold and feces are used to confirm the difference. 2) 2nd step: The existence of diarrhea is used to find out that an exterior pattern is with or without favor, while the indexes of back cold, skinniness of thigh-knee and turbid urine are used to identify an interior pattern with or without favor. 3) 3rd step: The favorably exterior-heat pattern can be either mild or severe by the indexes of stuffiness/rigidity/pain below the heart and digestion, while the unfavorably exterior-heat pattern can be either dangerous or urgent by the ones of cold-heat and specific pain. And, the favorably interior-cold pattern can be either mild or severe mainly by feces and subsidiarily by delirious speech and digestion, while the unfavorably interior-cold pattern can be either mild or severe by afternoon tidal fever and vomiting.