• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.731-735
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• 2015

The effects of liquid pig manure (LPM) on the yield and nutrient supply of green manure crops, such as hairy vetch alone and hairy vetch + rye mixture, were investigated. We used three treatments: no-fertilizer (NF); LPM, $4.0t10a^{-1}$ ($N-P_2O_5-K_2O=4.0-0.024-4.0kg10a^{-1}$); and chemical fertilizer (CF; $N-P_2O_5-K_2O=4.0-0-4.0kg10a^{-1}$). The green manure crops, namely, Vicia villosa Roth. (hairy vetch) and Secale cereale L. (rye). were sown on March 11 and harvested on June 24, 2014. Yield of green manure crops significantly increased in hairy vetch + rye mixture plot compared with the hairy vetch alone plot. In hairy vetch alone plot, yield of green manure crops was increased by application of LPM and CF, but there were no significant differences. Yield of green manure crops in hairy vetch + rye fresh mixture plot significantly increased by the LPM and CF treatments, but no difference was noted between the LPM and CF treatments. Nitrogen supply by the green manure crops was higher in hairy vetch + rye mixture plot than hairy vetch alone plot. However, there was no significant difference. Phosphorus and potassium supply significantly increased in hairy vetch + rye mixture plot compared with hairy vetch alone plot. By treating LPM and CF, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supply were higher than those in no fertilizer. In conclusion, LPM could replace CF. When planting green manure crops, the hairy vetch + rye mixture was more effective than hairy vetch alone to effectively use green manure crops.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop wood pots for create Optimum environment of plant growth using unused wood. to prove this, we examined the effects of cycle of water supply and nutrient concentration in wood pots on plant germination rate and growth factors (leaf number, stem diameter and length). The results are as follows. 1) The growth rate was higher at once of 2 days watering period. This suggests that the growth of the plants was better than that of the less water because the larch pots itself has the water retention capacity inside. 2) Germination rate and growth rate were better than other treatment groups when the concentration of nutrient solution was 0.5%. 3) Nitrogen, available phosphoric acid, and potassium showed higher contents than the nutrient - treated soil at 0.5% concentration of nutrient solution. This indicates that the nutrient solution absorbed from the larch affected the soil and plant growth in the inside.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.317-330
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to figure out the characteristics of dietary habits and lifestyles related to the development of insulin resistance syndrome(IRS). The participants in this study were 595 adults with one or more abnormal data from a health examination and 215 normal adults. When IRS was defined as a condition in which the subjects have 2 or more abnormalities among obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia, the prevalence rate was 37.8%. We classified the 595 adults by the number of components of IRS components they had, the higher age and obesity index they had. Total cholesterol and glucose levels in the blood were also positively related to the number of IRS components. IRS subjects tended to practice less habitual drinking and more exercise and weight control. Coffee consumption and dining out frequency were also lower in the IRS group. An analysis of food habits by odds ratio indicated that total food score was better in the IRS group. However, it appeared that food habits such as \"frequent snacking\" and \"never rejecting offered foods\" need to be improved in IRS subjects. Other undesirable food habits were related to the consumption of eggs, dairy products, fried foods, garlic and onion. Dietary intake of Ca, Fe, riboflavin, Vit A, and energy were less than 75% of the Korean recommended allowance for more than half of the subjects. Nutrient intake was lower, Ca/P ratio from food intake was worse in the IRS group. Our results indicated that nutrition counseling for IRS need to be focused on balanced food intake to supply sufficient amount of each nutrient.nt of each nutrient.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.426-438
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• 2001

Nutrient intake of Koreans from the 1999 Seasonal Nutrition Survey was somewhat lower than those of 1995 National Nutrition Survey or 1998 National Health and Nutrition Survey owing to the seasonal variation in amount and kind of foods eaten. In addition to the seasonal variation, low response rate of households which were surveyed twice was another reason for lower intake. Analysis of the major source of nutrients showed that intake of energy, carbohydrate, vitamin A and vitamin C was influenced by seasonal food supply pattern. And especially, vitamin A and vitamin C intake was more influenced by consumption of fruits and vegetables than other food groups. Main sources of these two nutrients were spinach and strawberry in spring, watermelon, tomato, melon and potato in summer, and grapes and pumpkin in autumn. As shown before in the report on food consumption, intake of beverages, drinks, fruits and vegetables was more influenced by season than others and these food groups affected the nutrient intake most. With the results of the 1998 National Health and Nutrition Survey, this study made it possible to estimate the average nutrient intake of the Korean population through out a year.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.234-247
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumption and perception of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods in middle school students in the Daegu. Among 550 questionnaires distributed to students in Daegu, 528 (256 boys and 272 girls) were analyzed. A little higher than 80% of students ate snacks everyday, and 43.4%, 29.0%, and 8.1% ate snacks once, twice, and three times or more per day, respectively. Snacks and foods most frequently consumed were ice cream, fried noodles, drinks, cookies, and baked goods. Energy supply from snacks was 104.8~356.9 Kcal/intake while that from meal substitution foods was 520.7~980 Kcal/intake. Students' knowledge score of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods was $6.51{\pm}3.02$ out of 10 points. Sixty percent of students did not read nutrition labels, but 67.9% of them thought that they need nutrition education by nutrition teachers. Students recognized the criteria of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods as well as proper food selection for essential educational items, It was concluded that effective education should be implemented in middle schools by nutrition teachers for students to develop good habits in selecting snacks and foods.

• 환경생물
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

Microalgae can grow autotrophically with the supply of light, carbon dioxide and inorganic nutrients in water through photosynthesis. Generally, microalgal growth is limited by the concentrations and relative ratio of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) among the nutrients in the aquatic environment. Each microalga has its specific optimum N : P ratio resulting in dominance in a particular water having similar nutrient composition. Algal bloom is an immense growth of certain microalga commonly cyanobacterium and can be sequestrated by reducing the limiting nutrient, generally P in the freshwater. Moreover, dominance of a less toxic blooming strain can be established by manipulating N : P ratio in the water. On the other hand, microalgal biomass of a certain species can be enhanced by increasing limiting nutrient and adjusting the N : P ratio to the target species. The above-mentioned eco-physiological features of microalgae can be more completely interpreted in connection with their genomic informations. Consequently, microalgal growth regulation which can be achieved on the basis of its eco-physiological and further genomic insights would be helpful not only in the control of algal bloom, but also for an increased yield of algal biomass.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1891-1899
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• 2016

Recently food problem and crop disaster have been increased continuously because of the meteorological changes. These cause rising cost for crops continuously and irregularly. Some researchers have studied straight structure of device for hydroponics and plant factory previously to solve a fundamental part of these problems. However, there are several problems such as limited crop cultivation space, providing irregular nutrients for crops, and lack of monitoring interfaces. For them, we propose an optimal growth and development crops management system using light source tracking and recirculation of nutrient solution method to supply nutrient continuously based on IoT. In order to evaluate the performance of our system, we compared and analyzed in terms of two viewpoints, the tracking analysis for natural light source measurement and the growth of crops through artificial light, LED, respectively. We confirmed that the higher the duty ratio of LED, the larger the crop's size, particularly. As well as, for about 1 month, we compared with the existing natural light growing environment and that of our system. It was confirmed that the size of the crops grown through our system is about three times larger than that of natural light natural crops.

• ALGAE
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2002

A seaweed biofilter/production system of being developed to reduce the environmental impact of marine fish farm effluent in coastal ecosystems as a part of an integrated aquaculture system. Several known seaweed taxa and their cultivars have been considered as candidate biofilter organisms based on their species-specific physiological properties such as nutrient uptake kinetics and their economic value. Porphyra is an excellent cadidate and shows efficient nutrient extraction properties. Rates of ammonium uptake were maintained at around 3 ${\mu}moles{\cdot}g{\cdot}dw^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$ at 150 ${\mu}M$ inorganic nitrogen at $10^{\circ}C$. Ulva is another possible biofilter candidate with an uptake rate of 1.9 ${\mu}moles{\cdot}g{\cdot}dw^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$ under same conditions. A simple uptake/growth and harvest model was applied to estimate the efficiency of the biofilter/production system. The model was deterministic and used a compartment model structure based on difference equations. The efficiency of Porpyra filter was estimated over 17% of ${NH_4}^+$ removal from the contimuous supply of 100 ${\mu}mole{\cdot}l^{-1}\;{NH_4}^+\;at\;100l{\cdot}sec^{-1}$ flow rate.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.197-200
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• 2007

Advanced control is getting increasingly demanded in water and wastewater treatment systems. Various case studies have shown significant savings in operating costs, including energy costs, and remarkably short payback times. It has been demonstrated that instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) may increase the capacity of biological nutrient removing wastewater treatment plants by 10-30% today. With further understanding and exploitation of the mechanisms involved in biological nutrient removal the improvements due to ICA may reach another 20-50% of the total system investments within the next 10-20 years. Disturbances are the reason for control of any system. In a wastewater treatment system they are mostly related to the load variations, but many disturbances are created also within the plant. In water supply systems some of the major disturbances are related the customer demand as well as to leakages or bursts in the pipelines or the distribution networks. Hardly any system operates in steady state but is more or less in a transient state all the time. Water and energy are closely related. The role of energy in water and wastewater operations is discussed. With increasing energy costs and the threatening climate changes this issue will grow in importance.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.261-262
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• 2003

Sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) seedings were de-rooted and grown in nutrient solutions providing either deficient or sufficient boron supply and supplemented with aluminum. Increasing concentrations of aluminum in the nutrient medium caused progressive inhibition of root growth and a parallel increase in proline level of roots. Elevated boron levels improved root growth under toxic aluminum conditions and produced higher proline contents. Exogenous ascorbate improved adventitions root growth in plants supplied with insufficient boron and aluminum. These findings suggest that root growth inhibition resulting from either boron deficiency or aluminum toxicity may be a result of impaired ascorbate metabolism.